Abstract: In a method and arrangement for the representation of a halftone image upon employment of a detection-adapted grid, the halftone image formed of intensity stages is generated by picture elements of identical size situated at prescribed grid positions. A given plurality of grid positions is combined to form an image spot. The plurality of picture elements and their grid positions within an image spot defines the respective intensity stage. The grid structure is oriented on a curve of the detection limit for the perceptability of sinusoidal grids. For producing a hexagon-like impression given the employment of grid positions situated in quadratic matrices, successive change lines of joining matrices or sub-matrices are shifted relative to one another by half a side length of the matrices or sub-matrices in the formation of the image spots.

Abstract: A moisture sensor comprising a substrate; a bottom electrode on the substrate; a moisture sensitive film sandwiched between an upper electrode and the bottom electrode on the substrate; a pair of connection terminals one of which is extended on the substrate from the bottom electrode and the other of which is formed on the substrate to be connected to the upper electrode; a step-shaped extension extended on the end of the moisture sensitive film from the upper electrode to the connection terminal for the upper electrode; and a metal film which covers said step-shaped extension.

Abstract: An electrical resistor of resistivity of less than about 600 ohms per square and with a temperature coefficient of resistance within the range of .+-.200 ppm/.degree.C. comprises an insulating substrate, electrically conductive terminations on a surface of the substrate, and a layer of resistor material on the surface of the substrate and in contact with the terminations. The resistor material comprises from about 25 to about 35% by weight glass and from about 50% to about 75% by weight conductive particles. Preferably the conductive particles consisting essential of tin oxide and at least about 0.2% by weight of ruthenium containing material, expressed as RuO.sub.2. The mass ratio of ruthenium containing material (as RuO.sub.2) to tin oxide is less than 7:93.

Abstract: A resistance heating element of the ribbon type for use in a high temperature electric furnace. The element has the same curved cross-sectional configuration throughout its entire length to give it strength and stiffness and permits the element to be bent into various patterns without any overlapping portions at the bends. The curved cross-section permits the element to be supported at the bends without the element sagging reducing the amount of heat absorption by the supports and allowing greater exposure of the element.

Abstract: A device for monitoring temperature as a function of electrical resistivity comprises a sensing element formed of a ceramic including lanthanum chromite with a dopant selected from magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide and silicon oxide, and having electrodes operably affixed to the surface thereof.

Abstract: A high power thick film resistor having improved power handling capability is obtained with a resistor having two overlying thick film layers wherein the first thick film layer has a relatively low resistivity and the second thick film layer has a relatively high resistivity.

Abstract: An XY plotter apparatus includes a magnetic panel, a writing tool for applying a magnetic field, a writing tool drive and an erasing magnetic field generator. The writing tool consists of an electromagnet which is arranged so that specified characters and figures may be displayed at a high speed on a magnetic panel by the writing tool. Data of a figure to be displayed is inputted into the writing tool drive so as to generate signals for position control and a signal for actuating a switch for a coil inside the electromagnet.

Abstract: A fluid jet assisted ion projection copier including a marking head incorporating an array of thin film ion modulating electrodes and photosensors integrated upon a single substrate. An optical projection system places incremental images of light and dark areas from an original to be copied onto the photosensor array. The marking head is mounted upon the ion projection housing, adjacent an outlet channel thereof for controlling the passage of ions out of the housing in accordance with the projected pattern of light and dark areas.

Abstract: An electric potentiometer is proposed, which serves to convert a displacement movement into an electrical signal. The electric potentiometer has a wiper lever with brush wipers which upon a rotational movement about a pivot shaft stroke electrically conductive layers applied to a carrier plate. An electrically nonconductive layer is applied on the resistor layer such that in the region of the electrically conductive layer that is strokable by the wiper upon its deflection, a pickup zone which is narrower than the wiper and is defined on both sides by the electrically nonconductive layer remains uncovered by the electrically nonconductive layer.

Abstract: The temperature rise associated with the catalytic recombination of battery gases at the end of the charging process is converted into an electrical signal suitable for checking and controlling charging, in a temperature-sensitive component such as a commercially available NTC or PTC resistor coated with a PTFE-bound palladium-activated carbon mixture. An additional activated carbon layer protects the catalyst from poisoning by the stibine present in the battery gases.

Abstract: A sheathed heater comprising a metallic sheath, such as a stainless steel sheath, an electric heating element disposed within the sheath so that an electric current can be supplied thereto, and a filling material filled in the sheath for insulating the heating element from the sheath and the coils of the heating element from each other. Aluminum nitride powder is used as the filling material to prevent oxidation of the heating element by the oxygen discharged from the filling material.

Abstract: Image processing apparatus for increasing the gray scale resolution of a graphic generated by an ink jet printing system wherein the graphic is made up of pixel areas on a receiving surface and each pixel area is comprised of a fixed number of potential dot positions printed with substantially equal sized dots. A sequential series of image density signals representative of the gray scale color intensity is generated from an original graphic and converted to a dot level value for each pixel. A pixel's dot level value is compared to a set of integer and non-integer values and pixels having dot level values falling between the same two successive integer values are selected. A predetermined dot level value is alternately added to the identified adjacent pixels so that one is increased and the other is decreased by the predetermined dot value. The resulting values are rounded off to the nearest integer and each pixel is printed with its respective new value.

Abstract: A print head for direct or indirect electrostatic printing comprises at least one row (21) of electrodes disposed at a regular pitch and organized in n groups (G.sub.1 . . . G.sub.n) per row, together with a counter-electrode (1) constituted of a resistive material extending opposite the electrodes in the row with n+1 conductive tracks defining n resistances in series (R.sub.1 to R.sub.n) and constituting access connections (C.sub.1, C.sub.n+1) thereto for selecting different groups of electrodes.

Abstract: In an electronic image reproduction system, a halftone dot film of a density distribution of a specific pattern is produced by obtaining a value l expressed by an equation l=f(x)+g(y) representative of the specific pattern corresponding to the density value. By superimposing a density signal corresponding to the value l on an image signal developed by scanning an original, a reproduction image of the original, modulated by the density signal of a specific pattern, is obtained.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for generating characters using a dot-matrix printer for generating image dots having printing means which is moved along a recording medium in a line-by-line fashion, incorporates a matrix memory for storing a plurality of character fields of identical size made up of line-defining binary character element sequences. The character fields are read out from the matrix memory and are converted into drive signals for the recording means. Character fields containing displaceable character elements contain an identifier character. A recognition arrangement recognizes the presence of an identifier character in a character field, and selectively delays the drive signals for those character element sequences which are to be delayed. Each sequence to be delayed is identified as delayed by an identifier character.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for compensating synchronization errors in non-impact printers, without influencing the transport of the record carrier and without changing the printing frequency of the printing elements. A control value is derived from a difference between the actual transport speed and a predetermined transport speed of the record carrier. This control value is used to vertically deflect the recording beam, after each picture line, by a fraction of the predetermined picture line spacing. The sum of the cumulative vertical deflections are compared with the value of the picture line spacing, and the recording of the next picture line is delayed by one deflection period of the recording beam when the sum is greater than or equal to the value of the picture line spacing.

Abstract: The picture scanning and recording method of this invention permits the simplification of the manner of designation and input for the processing of picture pattern regions and line picture regions and the simplification of the processing circuit. The original picture is classified into plural types of regions, e.g., picture pattern regions, border tint regions, line picture regions, line picture tint regions or into a plurality of picture pattern regions of the same type. The preference of overlapped areas of the thus-classified regions are ranked. Based on such ranking, a picture image signal corresponding to the region having the highest ranking is selected in each of such overlapped areas.

Abstract: Precision high-voltage resistor comprising a plane substrate of insulating material (1) on which there has been deposited by silk-screening at least one resistive film (3) of approximately rectangular, square or similar shape and a conductive film in the form of two parallel strips (2a, 2b) extending along two opposite edges of the resistive film and constituting terminals electrically connected to one another by said resistive film, the resistive film comprising rectilinear cuts (5a to 5f) made in its thickness, down to the insulating substrate, parallel to said opposite edges from a third edge (6) of the resistive film, characterized in that the rectilinear cuts (5a to 5f) are evenly spaced along the third edge (6) and have lengths that are larger the closer they are to the center of the third edge (6), the ends opposite the third edge (6) of the rectilinear cuts defining from the intersections (8a, 8b) of the third edge (6) with the terminals (2a, 2 b) a contour (7; 9) exhibiting an apex in its center part

Abstract: A thick film resistance element is disclosed which is especially suited for use on hybrid circuit subassemblies, which resistance element includes both coarse and fine adjustment, such as by laser beam trimming operation. The resistance element includes a first segment having a given resistance value per unit area and a second segment abutting the first segment along one edge thereof. The second segment includes a resistance material with a differing resistance value per unit area than exhibited by such first segment. In the trimming operation, a laser beam cuts a longitudinal slot in the segment with the higher resistance point below the desired value. The laser beam then cuts a similar longitudinal slot in the other segment to a point where the desired resistance value is obtained.

Abstract: A solid state corona discharger in corona chargers which charge and discharge photosensitive members in electrophotographic copying machines, ozone generators and the like. The solid state corona discharger has paired strip-shape ac electrodes which are arranged side by side nearly in parallel and spaced away from each other not to initiate discharge, a dielectric member layer which covers at least one side of the external surfaces enveloping both electrodes, and a thin dc-applied electrode which is in contact with one side of external surface of said dielectric layer and makes up a closed circuit loop of capacitances together with said ac electrodes (not connected in terms of direct current), as well as characterized by producing corona discharge between said ac electrodes and a dc-applied electrode with an ac power supply applied across said ac electrodes.