Abstract: A novel reductase is produced from a microorganism which belongs to genus Corynebacterium and is useful as a catalyst which catalizes, in the presence of NADPH, reduction of 2, 5-diketo-D-gluconic acid or its salts to 2-keto-L-gulonate or the corresponding salts thereof. It also catalizes reduction of 5-keto-D-fructose to sorbose, in the presence of NADPH.

Abstract: A cellulosic material is saccharified by cellulases and the resulting saccharified solution is acidified. Subsequently chitosan and/or partially deacetylated chitin are dissolved therein and the obtained solution is alkalified. Thus the cellulases are absorbed by the chitosan and/or partially deacetylated chitin. Further a cellulosic material is saccharified by at least one cellulase originating from a fungus belonging to the genus Aspergillus and at least either chitosan and/or partially deacetylated chitin are added to the resulting saccharified solution to thereby adsorb the cellulase by the chitosan and/or partially deacetylated chitin.

Abstract: L-aminoacylases S.sub.1 and S.sub.2 derived from actinomycetes and having physicochemical characteristics such that it is a L-aminoacylase which acts on a N-acyl-L-amino acid to give a L-amino acid, its substrate profile is wide, and it acts not only on a N-acyl derivative of a natural L-amino acid, but also on a N-acyl derivative of a synthetic L-amino acid, while it does not act on a N-acyl-D-amino acid, a DL-N-acetyl-.alpha.methylbenzylamine and a N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, etc.

Abstract: The present invention relates to desulfatohirudins, to the preparation thereof, to pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds, and to the use thereof.The desulfatohirudins of this invention correspond to hirudin in biological activity and are therefore particularly useful for inhibiting blood clotting.

Abstract: A D-aminoacid transaminase which converts CPC with .DELTA.-keto acids into .DELTA.-ketoadipinyl-7-ACA can be isolated from Bacillus Licheniformis ATCC 9945. This transamination can be applied to other D-amino acids and can also be used for the preparation of D-amino acids from .DELTA.-keto acids. The enzyme is also suitable for resolving racemates of D,L-amino acids and for detection of .DELTA.-keto acids alongside L-amino acids.

Abstract: A process for the recovery of enzymes from an aqueous system having at least two aqueous phases wherein the partition coefficient with respect to an enzyme may be improved through the addition of organo-compatible, compounds having anionic functionality, such as polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl sulfonate and sodium dodecylsulfate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hydrogen peroxide-forming sarcosine oxidase, wherein it is obtainable from Streptomycetaceae and at 25.degree. C. in 0.15 mol/liter potassium phosphate (pH 7.9), in the presence of surface-active substances, still shows after 2 days an activity of at least 40% of the initial activity.

Abstract: A method of producing fructose from aqueous glucose and fructose mixtures by fermenting in one step an aqueous mixture of fructose and glucose with a stable mutant of Zymomonas mobilis, and also producing the stable mutant of Zymomonas mobilis.

Abstract: .beta.-glucanase is produced under submerged, aerobic and thermophilic conditions, by cultivating the microorganism Rhizomucor pusillus (Lindt) Schipper, preferably the strain CBS 551.82. Fermentation is carried out using a fed batch method, where a carbon source such as barley meal is first introduced, and when this is consumed, a sugar compound, preferably lactose, is added, whereupon the fermentation continues until the carbon source is completely or partially consumed.

Abstract: When a microorganism belonging to the genus Bacillus and capable of producing heat-resistant sarcosine oxidase N is cultured in a medium, there can be obtained from the cultured medium, heat-resistant sarcosine oxidase N having the following physico-chemical properties:(a) ActionSarcosine oxidase N catalyses the following enzyme reaction wherein sarcosine is oxidatively decomposed to form glycine, formaldehyde and hydrogen peroxide.Sarcosine+H.sub.2 O+O.sub.2 .fwdarw.glycine+formaldehyde+H.sub.2 O.sub.2(b) Substrate specificitySarcosine oxidase N has a Km value (Michaelis constant) for sarcosine of 4.7 mM at 37.degree. C. at pH 7.7 (phosphate buffer solution).(c) Optimum pH and stable pH rangeThe optimum pH of sarcosine oxidase N is 6.7 to 10.0 when sarcosine is used as a substrate.The stable pH range is 6.5 to 11.5.(d) Optimum temperature range45.degree. to 60.degree. C.(e) Heat stabilitySarcosine oxidase N retains its enzymatic activity of 98% when treated at 55.degree. C.

Abstract: A method for granulating an enzyme is disclosed, which comprises supplying a granulator with a feed composition consisting essentially of from 1 to 35% by weight of an enzyme and from 0.5 to 30% by weight of a synthetic fiber chip or pulp, with the balance being an extender or filler, shaping the supplied feed composition into granules and drying said granules. A granulated enzyme product thereof is also disclosed, having an improved stability and enhanced strength, as well as a high degree of disintegratability in washing water.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the process of producing and separating cyclodextrins and in particular to the process of using food grade hydrocarbons that include a six membered ring having some unsaturation and ten carbon atoms such as limonene and the like natural oils.

Abstract: A method is provided for increasing the solubility of an enzyme in an aqueous solution comprising providing a water-soluble anionic surfactant to the solution and further providing the solution with a pH above that which result in the formation of an enzyme/surfactant precipitate. The application is further directed to an aqueous solution containing an anionic surfactant and having an enzyme concentration contained therein which is higher than that possible in the absence of the surfactant.

Abstract: A process for preparing a bacteriolytic enzyme comprising the steps of cultivating a Polysphondylium genus bacteria in a culture medium containing a carbon source, a nitrogen source, an inorganic salt and other nutritious ingredients, and then extracting an enzyme having a function of dissolving cell walls of microorganisms from the cultivated product.

Abstract: A novel peroxidase that is non specific and that does not contain isozymes and hence, is suitable as a diagnostic reagent or as a marker enzyme in enzyme immunoassay is provided as well as a process of its preparation. The novel peroxidase is produced by a microorganism of a new genus Arthromyces.

Abstract: A stabilized composition comprising an organic substrate, such as a pharmaceutical or biological system subject to degradation by oxidation and/or free radicals and a method for production thereof.

Abstract: The interesterification between an oil or fat and a fatty acid or between an oil or fat and another is improved by use of a lipase preparation in which lipase has been activated by water or a lower, dihydric or trihydric alcohol.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition containing as a pharmaceutically active ingredient at least one isomer of inositol triphosphate (IP.sub.3) in an amount sufficient to reduce the negative effect of cadmium or aluminum in the body or inhibit or reduce the formation of free radicals in the body.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for liquefying starch. More particularly it relates to an appropriate process for liquefying starch by using a thermostable .alpha.-amylase which has an optimum working pH range in an acidic region and a low calcium requirement.This invention provides a process for liquefying starch by using a calcium-requiring, thermostable .alpha.-amylase which requires a calcium concentration of 10 .mu.m or below under a thermostable condition.In the process of the present invention, it is unnecessary to add a calcium salt in liquefying starch and the starch slurry can be reacted while remaining acidic without neutralization, so that the load at the desalting step of the product can be significantly relieved.

Abstract: A method of making a food composition and the composition containing at least 5 mg of inositoltriphosphate.