Abstract: In an exhaust gas control apparatus and exhaust gas control method for an internal combustion engine, in which fuel is supplied to a purification mechanism provided in an exhaust passage so that a function of the purification mechanism is recovered. A flow rate of exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust passage or a value correlated with the flow rate is detected, and fuel supply timing is controlled based on a result of the detection. Accordingly, even when the flow rate of the exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust passage is variously changed based on the engine operating state, the fuel supply timing can be set based on the flow rate that is appropriately detected. Thus, it is possible to appropriately convey the supplied fuel to the purification mechanism using force of the exhaust gas.

Abstract: A pressure detection mechanism for a catalyst of an engine, in which the catalyst includes an upstream NSR catalyst and a downstream DPNR catalyst stored in a catalyst casing, which includes a DPNR front pressure detection pipe connected to a space formed by the NSR catalyst, the DPNR catalyst and the catalyst casing, a DPNR rear pressure detection pipe downstream of the DPNR catalyst connected to a space formed by the DPNR catalyst and the catalyst casing, and a pressure difference transducer connected to the DPNR front pressure detection pipe and the DPNR rear pressure detection pipe.

Abstract: A method for operating an internal combustion engine; in the exhaust area of this engine there is at least one catalytic converter and downstream from the catalytic converter there is an NOx sensor. A device for carrying out this method is also provided. The NOx sensor has a cross-sensitivity to a reagent needed in the catalytic converter. In predefined operating states of the internal combustion engine, e.g., idling and/or overrun, a selection signal is supplied; when this selection signal occurs, the sensor signal supplied by the NOx sensor is interpreted as at least a measure of the reagent leakage.

Abstract: A particulate trap has a housing with an inlet and an outlet. The particulate trap also has a plurality of filters disposed within the housing in parallel relation. The particulate trap further has at least one electrode disposed within the housing and configured to impart a charge to particulates entrained within an exhaust flow as the particulates pass near the at least one electrode.

Abstract: A method is presented for determining an amount of reductant stored in the catalyst by intrusively desorbing a portion of reductant and monitoring the response of a reductant sensor to the desorbed portion. The desorbtion can be performed at vehicle start-up to determine initial storage amount and to adjust reductant injection accordingly to achieve optimum storage. Additionally, a portion of reductant can be desorbed when NOx conversion efficiency of the catalyst is reduced in order to diagnose the component responsible for system degradation.

Abstract: A flow path splitter duct is provided. The flow path splitter duct includes a main hub, a first outlet hub and a second outlet hub. The main hub has a plurality of inlet ports each being separated by at least one wall. The first outlet hub has a plurality of first duct outlet ports, each of the first duct outlet ports are in fluid communication with only one of the corresponding plurality of inlet ports. The second outlet hub has a plurality of second duct outlet ports, each of the second duct outlet ports are in fluid communication with only one of the corresponding plurality of inlet ports, wherein engine exhaust gas that enters one of the plurality of inlet ports is simultaneously diverted to only one of the first duct outlet ports and to only one of the second duct outlet ports. A vertical takeoff and landing aircraft is also provided that includes the flow path splitter duct. A method of using the same is also provided.

Abstract: A fuel reformer is configured in an exhaust line upstream of a LNT. To desulfate the LNT, over a first period, fuel is provided to the exhaust to make the exhaust rich. While producing reformate, the reformer is allowed to heat to a relatively large extent, typically at least about 75° C. Before the reformer overheats, the provision of fuel is reduced and typically stopped entirely for a second period, over which the reformer cools. The heating and cooling periods are repeated to complete the desulfation process. The reduced efficiency of operating the reformer over an extended temperature range is more than compensated for by the benefits of extending the rich pulse.

Abstract: An engine ECU executes a program including the step of performing an operation for rapid catalyst warm-up, under the conditions that an engine is started and rapid catalyst warm-up is necessary, by setting the ratio of fuel injection by an in-cylinder injector to be equal to or higher than that of an intake manifold injector and retarding the ignition timing to a large degree, and the step of performing normal operation under the condition that the catalyst is warmed up to be activated.

Abstract: An exhaust pipe is connected to an engine with a muffler attached to an exhaust pipe. An exhaust valve is provided for controlling the flow rate of an exhaust gas on the side of the exhaust pipe. A recessed portion is directed toward the center of the vehicle body and is formed on the side of the swing arm with the exhaust valve being disposed in front in the vicinity of the recessed portion. Operating wires are laid along an air cleaner case so as to open and close the exhaust valve. A servo motor is disposed at such a position that it can be covered with the seat cowl so as to drive the operating wires. The muffler is provided with a muffler protector and a cover portion that integral extends from the muffler protector with the exhaust valve being covered with the cover portion.

Abstract: An exhaust gas control apparatus for an internal combustion engine is provided with an exhaust catalyst disposed in an exhaust passage (4) of the internal combustion engine, a concentration detection unit (10) that is capable of detecting a total concentration of a sulfur oxide and a hydrogen sulfide contained in an exhaust gas that passes through the exhaust catalyst, and detecting a concentration of the sulfur oxide, and a sulfur concentration estimation unit (15) that estimates a concentration of sulfur contained in a fuel based on a detection value of the concentration detection unit (10) when it is determined that the exhaust gas is at one of a stoichiometric and rich air/fuel ratio.

Abstract: An exhaust gas throttle valve disposed in the exhaust system of an engine, wherein the center axis of rotation of a valve shaft 5 is set at a position deviated from the center axis of the exhaust gas passage, and two recessed portions 11 are symmetrically formed in the circumferential portion of a valve body 4 by cutting the surface thereof. The positions where the recessed portions 11 are formed are on the side of the center axis of the exhaust gas passage beyond the center axis 12 of rotation, and at where the peripheral portion of the valve body 4 faces the edge portions 9 where insertion holes 8 for the valve shaft 5 are opened in the exhaust gas passage. At these positions, the distance is a minimum between the peripheral portion of the valve body 4 and the edge portions 9. The recessed portions 11 work to increase the gap relative to the edge portions 9 at that positions.

Abstract: A particulate trap regeneration system is provided. The system may include a particulate trap configured to remove one or more types of particulate matter from an exhaust flow of an engine. The system may also include a regeneration device configured to reduce an amount of particulate matter in the particulate trap. The system may further include a controller configured to activate the regeneration device in response to the first to occur of at least three trigger conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine, having an exhaust line for removing exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine and having a secondary fuel supply for introducing secondary fuel into the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine. To improve the introduction of the secondary fuel into the exhaust, a recirculation device is connected to the exhaust line and to the secondary fuel supply so that the introduction of secondary fuel into the exhaust is accomplished via or through the recirculation device. The recirculation device has a circulation space which receives an exhaust substream from the exhaust line in which the secondary fuel is introduced into the exhaust substream and from which the modified exhaust substream is returned to the exhaust line.

Abstract: A heat shield for an internal combustion engine exhaust system for supporting a first heat shield plate and a second heat shield plate on a U-shaped exhaust pipe extending from an exhaust port of an engine, via a support member such as band members, and heat shield plate attachment fixtures. The first heat shield plate covers all around a curved section of the U-shaped exhaust pipe in the vicinity of the exhaust port. The second heat shield plate covers an upper part of a straight section of the U-shaped exhaust pipe and extends rearwardly from the curved section. Further, since the exhaust pipe is formed as one piece, the first heat shield plate may be formed as a simple two-part structure using the band members. With this configuration, an effective heat shielding effect can be exhibited, and cost can be reduced.

Abstract: A compact reversing flow catalytic converter with protection from overheating includes a valve unit which directs exhaust gases through a container filled with catalytic material to permit a bypass of catalytic material when a temperature of the material exceeds a predetermined threshold. The container defines a U-shaped gas passage that communicates with two ports at the top of the container. The valve unit is mounted to the top of the container and includes an intake and an exhaust cavity. The valve unit includes a valve disk having two openings therethrough. The valve disk rotates around perpendicular central axis between a first, a second and third positions. When overheating of the catalytic material is predicted, a controller relinquishes control of the valve disk and a center return mechanism rotates the valve disk to a third position, in which each of the openings communicates with both ports so that the exhaust gas flow bypasses catalytic material.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle has an internal combustion engine and an electric motor, each of which can deliver a torque, particularly in order to drive at least one vehicle wheel. An exhaust gas system having a catalytic converter system is assigned to the internal combustion engine. The conversion activity of the catalytic converter system depends on predetermined activity parameters. The value of the conversion activity is determined in a predetermined time interval T_Kat. The torque output of the electric motor is increased, preferably depending on the load and the torque output of the internal combustion engine is reduced in order to attain a predetermined conversion threshold of the conversion activity of the catalytic converter system, if the value of the conversion activity lies below said threshold. For this purpose, a device is provided for controlling the torque output of the internal combustion engine and of the electric motor.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus that estimates the NOx adsorption amount, comprising a NOx trap catalyst that is disposed in an exhaust passage of an engine, for adsorbing NOx in exhaust gases during lean operation and releasing and reducing the adsorbed NOx during rich operation, an operation unit that computes an amount of emission from the catalyst during rich operation by using a map or a polynomial equation that reflects emissions from the catalyst based on the exhaust gas temperature and the exhaust gas flow rate of the exhaust passage and the excess-air factor upstream of the catalyst, and an estimating unit that estimates an amount of adsorption in the NOx trap catalyst from the computed emission amount.

Abstract: Diesel engine particulate trap regeneration is obtained by concurrently supplying two exhaust gas streams to a particulate trap requiring regeneration. One stream is produced in a reactor/diesel engine operating an efficient stoichiometric ratio. The second stream is produced in a second reactor/diesel engine burning fuel at a low air/fuel ratio to produce an exhaust gas stream carrying a substantial load of unburned hydrocarbons, hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The two streams together carry sufficient thermal energy to ignite the unburned hydrocarbons, hydrogen and carbon monoxide using oxygen from the first exhaust gas stream as oxidizer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved exhaust gas cleaning system and method for a combustion source comprising a hydrogen generation system, a sulfur oxides trap, and a nitrogen storage reduction (NSR) catalyst trap. The improved exhaust gas cleaning system and method of the present invention also provides for a water-gas-shift catalyst between the sulfur oxides trap and the NSR catalyst trap, and a clean-up catalyst downstream of the NSR catalyst trap. The invention provides also a sulfur trap regenerable at moderate temperatures with rich pulses, rather than at high temperatures. The improved exhaust gas cleaning system of the present invention provides for the sulfur released from the sulfur trap to pass through the nitrogen oxide trap with no or little poisoning of NOx storage and reduction sites, which significantly improves NSR catalyst trap lifetime and performance to meet future emissions standards.

Abstract: The present invention describes an automobile exhaust pipes, and more particularly to an exhaust pipe capable of producing appropriate pressure to assist engine torque output when the engine is running at a low speed and expediting the waste gas to be discharged from an automobile when the engine is running at a high speed, so as to enhance the operating performance of automobile engines.