Abstract: Non symmetrical hollow fibres presenting a relatively dense layer (`skin`) (H) of a very small thickness (<1 .mu.m) at their outer periphery, which is bound to a so called `open` structure of which the porosity increases in the direction to the inner face; said porous structure comprises microvoids (1) shaped like elongate fingers open to the inside. The invention also relates to the method for obtaining such a symmetrical hollow fibres by known spinning techniques by dry-wet process, by adding to the solution for spinning the polymer in the solvent at least one particular additive and by adding a particular fluid through the hole of the extruded product. Finally, the invention aims at applying the hollow fibres in question to various fields and particularly in ultra-filtration or micro-filtration, in dialysis, reverse osmosis, in gas permeation or pervaporation or they may also be used as supports for liquid membranes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high tenacity reinforcing fiber having improved partitioning properties selected from the group consisting of polyester, aliphatic polyamide, and combinations thereof, for reinforcing plastic composites, said fiber being coated to enhance stiffness of the fiber for cutting with(a) 3 to 12 weight percent, based on weight of fiber of carboxyl-terminated, oil-free alkyd resin which is the reaction product of at least one aliphatic glycol containing 2 to 12 carbons with a combination of aromatic di- or trifunctional carboxylic acids and, optionally, an unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acid, said resin having a degree of esterification below the gel point of the resin, and(b) 0.5 to 2 weight percent vinyl chloride copolymer having a glass transition termperature of greater than about 60.degree. C.

Abstract: Flame retarding and fire barrier structure comprising a blend of carbonaceous fibers and natural and/or synthetic fibers. The carbonaceous fibers have a nitrogen content of 5 to 35%, an LOI value of greater than 40 and are derived from stabilized acrylic fibers.

Abstract: A high tenacity, high elongation, low shrinkage synthetic fiber is treated to enhance stiffness and interfilament coherency, then dusted with a release agent, resulting in a fiber, combined in multiple high denier bundles, which can be cut at high speed to suitable reinforcing lengths for use in reinforcing a resin matrix. The cut fiber can be used in bulk molding compounds (BMC), sheet molding compounds (TMC) and spray-up applications due to ease of cutting.

Abstract: Electrically insulated wire with an inner layer of non-crosslinked and non-crosslinkable polymeric material and a skin layer of irradiation crosslinked material compatible with the inner layer. The inner layer provides desirable flexibility and electrical insulating properties suitable for telecommunications cable and appliance wiring. The skin layer gives abrasion resistance suitable for the above purpose and heat resistance and fire retardance properties suitable for building wiring. The polymeric material of both layers is preferably of a polyvinylchloride composition.

Abstract: Acrylic fibers are provided having superior abrasion resistance and flex fatigue properties as well as other properties desirable for end use applications in fabrics where wear performance properties are important, such as socks. The fibers may be made by a wet spinning process in which the spinbath consists of dimethylformamide and water where the concentration of the dimethylformamide is in the range of 72 to 84% by weight.

Abstract: High tenacity reinforcing fiber, selected from the group consisting of polyester, aliphatic polyamide, aramid, and combinations thereof, is treated with a finish composition comprising (a) an aqueous solution of carboxyl-terminated, oil-free alkyd resin which is the reaction product of at least one aliphatic glycol containing 2 to 12 carbons with a combination of aromatic di- and trifunctional carboxylic acid and, optionally, unsaturated aliphatic acids, said alkyd resin polymerized below its gel point, and (b) an aqueous emulsion of oxidized polyethylene, said oxidized polyethylene being present in the finish composition in an amount sufficient to provide enhanced anti-blocking properties for the treated fiber.

Abstract: This invention provides a water-swellable fiber which is produced from a fiber having a particular cross-sectional structure and containing and linking carboxyl groups thereto at a prescribed degree of neutralization by causing a particular quantity of a specific alkali to adhere to said fiber. The fiber of the invention has no problems in respect to agglutination among the filaments upon storage, no problems upon processing, such as wet system paper-making, and no problems in neutralization thereof. This fiber exhibits sufficient water-swelling properties in use.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new calcium-hydrosilicate based composition, consisting predominantly of 11 .ANG. tobermorite of fibrous structure and having optionally incorporated therein a minor quantity of inorganic and/or organic fibers. The invention also relates to a wet method for the manufacture of such compositions and the use of the new resulting material in applications requiring good insulating properties and a mechanical strength.

Abstract: Temperature adaptable textile fibers are provided in which phase-change or plastic crystalline materials are filled within hollow fibers or impregnated upon non-hollow fibers. The fibers are produced by applying solutions or melts of the phase-change or plastic crystalline materials to the fibers.

Abstract: A high temperature PVC resin blend is made by blending from 60 to 85 parts PVC with no more than 40 parts of a ("alpha-SAN") copolymer of alpha-methyl styrene ("AMS"), styrene ("S") and acrylonitrile ("AN") and less than 20 parts by wt additives including stabilizers, antioxidants, lubricants, and processing aids. In addition, an impact modifier may be added. The blend with particularly sized glass fibers, may be thermoformed at an elevated processing temperature and pressure, to provide a reinforced composite in which the PVC is covalently bonded to the glass fiber. The composite has a substantially higher HDT and equivalent tensile strength, compared to that of a similarly reinforced, unblended PVC composite, without sacrificing the novel composite's other desirable physical properties.

Abstract: A polyester fiber and process embodiments for the production thereof are described, wherein the polyester fiber is produced by high-speed spinning and is characterized by a filament fineness of from 1 to 3 d, a strength of at least 4.0 g/d, an elongation of up to 40%, a crystallinity (X.rho.) of from 40 to 55%, a birefringence of from 140.times.10.sup.-3 to 165.times.10.sup.-3, an orientation function of from 0.36 to 0.45 in the amorphous portion, and a thermal shrinking stress that satisfies the relations1.1.ltoreq.ST.sub.200 /ST.sub.100 .ltoreq.2.0 (I)and50.ltoreq.ST.sub.max .ltoreq.180 (II),where ST.sub.100 is the shrinking stress (mg/d) at 100.degree. C., ST.sub.200 is the shrinking stress (mg/d) at 200.degree. C., and ST.sub.max is a peak stress (mg/d) on a thermal shrinking stress curve.

Abstract: Electrically insulated wire with an inner layer of non-crosslinked and non-crosslinkable polymeric material and a skin layer of irradiation crosslinked material compatible with the inner layer. The inner layer provides desirable flexibility and electrical insulating properties suitable for telecommunications cable and appliance wiring. The skin layer gives abrasion resistance suitable for the above purpose and heat resistance and fire retardance properties suitable for building wiring. The polymeric material of both layers is preferably of a polyvinylchloride composition.

Abstract: A flame-retarded composite fiber comprising (A) 85 to 15 parts by weight of a fiber comprising a polymer containing 17 to 86% by weight of a halogen, and 6 to 50% by weight of an Sb compound based on the polymer, and (B) 15 to 85 parts by weight of at least one fiber selected from the group consisting of natural fibers and chemical filters, the total amount of the fibers (A) and (B) being 100 parts by weight. The composite fiber has not only the desired flame resistance but also excellent visual attractiveness, feeling, hygroscopic property, washing resistance, durability, and the like.

Abstract: Paper embodying for purposes of identification one or more pigments, inconspicuous in daylight but visible on inspection in darkened surroundings or after illumination at predetermined wavelength from an artificial source, wherein the pigment is in the form of granules which are of 30 to 500 microns particle size and, to secure contrast between the pigment and background in said inspection, are essentially free of finer particles.

Abstract: This application discloses flexible homogenous and smooth compositions whch consists essentially of an interdispersion of low density polyethylene and polychloroprene ingredients and at least an effective amount of fibrous polytetrafluoroethylene interdispersing agent effective to homogeneously blend said ingredients.

Abstract: Ceramic fibers are prepared from improved preceramic fibers having a core comprising an organosilicon preceramic polymer and at least one co-spun sheath layer comprising a synthetic film-forming polymer.

Abstract: A coating of a viscous lubricant applied prior to stretch-breaking permits forming slivers of stretch-broken carbon fibers. When an anti-static ingredient is added to the viscous lubricant cohesive slivers of stretch-broken glass fibers can be formed. Composites of matrix resin reinforced with these slivers exhibit high strength, tensile stiffness, and good formability.

Abstract: A stretchable synthetic polymer composite filament useful for stretchable fabrics, comprises:(A) an axial filamentary constituent;(B) a plurality of composite lobe filamentary constituents consisting of protrudent filamentary segments (B1) outwardly protruding from the axial filamentary constituent (A) in different directions from each other and edge filamentary segments (B2) attached to outside ends of the protrudent filamentary segments (B1);the axial filamentary constituent (A) and the protrudent filamentary segments (B1) consisting essentially of a synthetic thermoplastic elastomer (a), andthe edge filamentary segments (B2) consisting essentially of at least one synthetic thermoplastic low elastic polymer (b),in which filament, when not under tension, the composite lobe filamentary constituents (B) are asymmetric with respect to at least one feature of the location thereof, and cross-sectional configurations and sizes of the protrudent and edge filamentary segments (B1 and B2), about the longitudinal axis

Abstract: High tenacity acrylonitrile fibers are provided.The high tenacity acrylonitrile fibers comprise acrylonitrile polymers composed mainly of acrylonitrile having an intrinsic viscosity of at least 2.5 to 3.5 and having a degree of crystalline orientation measured by wide-angle X-ray diffraction within a range of 93-97%, a tensile strength of at least 10 g/d, an initial modulus of at least 180 g/d, a knot strength of 2.2 g/d and a surface smoothness.A process for production of the high tenacity acrylonitrile fiber which comprises once extruding an acrylonitrile polymer solution having an intrinsic viscosity of 2.5 to 3.5 in air or in an inert gas through a spinning nozzle, then introducing into a coagulating bath, subjecting the resulting coagulated filaments to washing with water, drawing and drying, and then drawing the filaments under a drawing tension of about 1.0 to 2.5 g/d with dry heating at about 160.degree. to about 250.degree. C.