Abstract: 2-Chloro-4,5-disubstituted-thiazoles have been found to be effective in reducing herbicidal injury to sorghum plants due to the application thereto of acetanilide and thiocarbamate herbicides.

Abstract: 2-chloro-4,5-disubstituted-thiazoles have been found to be effective in reducing herbicidal injury to sorghum plants due to the application thereto of acetanilide and thiocarbamate herbicides.

Abstract: A compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkoxy group and X and Y are, the same or different, each a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy group, a carboxy(lower)alkoxy group or a lower alkoxycarbonyl(lower)alkoxy group, which is useful as a herbicide.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the continuous production of dialkylperoxydicarbonates of the general formula: ##STR1## in which R stands for the same or different, straight-chained, cyclic or branched alkyl radicals containing 6 to 18 carbon atoms, by the continuous reaction of a chloroformic acid ester of the general formula: ##STR2## wherein R has the above-given meanings, in an aqueous medium with hydrogen peroxide and an alkali metal hydroxide at a temperature of from -10.degree. C. to +50.degree. C. in at least two reaction zones connected in series and continuous isolation of the dialkylperoxydicarbonate formed from the solvent-free reaction mixture with the use of a centrifuge, wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of a surfactant and the dialkylperoxydicarbonate formed is separated in molten form from the alkaline reaction mixture heated to or just above the melting temperature of the dialkylperoxydicarbonate.

Abstract: Herein is disclosed compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1,R.sup.2,R.sup.3,R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 each is hydrogen or lower alkyl, therapeutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof, processes for their preparation, methods of using the compounds and pharmaceutical compositions. The compounds exhibit dopamine-receptor stimulating activity in a mammal and are useful for treating hyperprolactinemia, galactorrhea, amenorrhea, impotence, Parkinsonism, diabetes, acromegaly, hypertension and other central nervous system disorders.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are alkyl or halo; R.sup.3 is hydrogen or alkyl; Z is halo; and R.sup.4 is alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxy, phenyl, substituted phenyl,a group of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl; a group of the formula ##STR3## wherein R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 are hydrogen or alkyl; A five or six-membered aromatic heterocyclic ring of the formula ##STR4## wherein at least one of V, W, X or Y is an oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atom, R.sup.9 is alkyl and n is 0, 1, 2 or 3 have herbicidal and plant-growth-regulating activity.

Abstract: Alkanols can be carbonylated with carbon monoxide and oxygen at elevated temperatures in the presence of certain copper salts to form dialkyl carbonates. The invention also covers the carbonylation by recycling of the azeotropic mixture of methanol and the corresponding dimethyl carbonate.

Abstract: The invention covered relates to an improved, solvent-free process for the continuous manufacture of peroxydicarbonate polymerization catalysts. The improvement in the process is the mere decanting of the reaction product through a filtering medium into a separation zone, decanting to a washing zone, decanting to a second separation zone and then taking the product up in an aqueous medium containing a suitable emulsifying agent whereby the resultant initiator or catalyst emulsion can be conveniently and safely stored until ready for use in a polymerization reaction.

Abstract: Inhibition of the formation of color bodies and color-forming materials and other contaminants and/or decolorization of discolored sulfur-containing organic compounds containing divalent sulfur by addition of a small amount of oxalic acid.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are 2,3-dihydro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acids substituted on the nitrogen with 3-mercapto-2-alkyl-1-oxoalkyl, 3-phosphoryl-2-alkyl-1-oxopropyl, or 2-amino-2-alkyl-1-oxoalkyl derivatives which act as inhibitors of angiotensin converting enzyme and as antihypertensive agents. The compounds of the invention (excluding disclosed intermediates) have the general formula: ##STR1## wherein: n is 1 or 0;R.sub.1 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, aryl or aralkyl;R.sub.2 is hydrogen or lower alkyl;R.sub.3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl or aroyl;R.sub.5 is hydroxy, amino, or lower alkoxy;X is hydrogen, hydroxy, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, or halogen;Y is hydrogen, lower alkyl, or aryl;Y is hydrogen, lower alkyl, or aryl;R.sub.4 is ##STR2## wherein: L is O, NR.sub.7 or S (where R.sub.7 is hydrogen or lower alkyl);M is R.sub.8, OR.sub.8, SR.sub.8, or NR.sub.9 R.sub.10 (where R.sub.8 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl; and R.sub.9 and R.sub.10 are, independently, hydrogen, lower alkyl, or aryl);A is O, NR.sub.

Abstract: An enhanced catalytic aromatic carbonate process which comprises contacting a phenol, carbon monoxide, an oxidant, a base, the Group VIIIB element selected from ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium or platinum, and a manganese tetradentate redox co-catalyst. The resulting aromatic mono- and/or poly-carbonates are useful in the preparation of polycarbonates or as polycarbonates per se, respectively, which can be molded or formed into films, sheets, fibers, laminates or reinforced plastics by conventional techniques.

Abstract: Described are substituted tricyclodecane derivatives having the generic structure: ##STR1## wherein Y is a moiety having a structure selected from the group consisting of: ##STR2## wherein one of the dashed lines represents a carbon-carbon single bond and the other of the dashed lines represents a carbon-carbon double bond; wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 represent hydrogen or methyl with the proviso that one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is hydrogen and the other of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is methyl; wherein R.sub.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 acyl, C.sub.3 or C.sub.4 alkyl or C.sub.3 or C.sub.4 alkenyl; wherein R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 represent hydrogen or methyl with the additional proviso that one of R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 is methyl and the other two of R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 is hydrogen.

Abstract: A crude organic solvent solution of a polycarbonate containing an impurity is washed with an aqueous washing liquid by forming a water in oil dispersed phase by mixing the crude solution of the polycarbonate with a small amount of aqueous washing liquid in order to form the water in oil dispersed phase and then causing a phase inversion from the water in oil dispersed phase into an oil in water dispersed phase, and then, separating the organic solvent solution of the polycarbonate from the aqueous washing liquid.

Abstract: A process for preparing a dialkyl carbonate by contacting a glycol carbonate with an alcohol at an elevated temperature in the presence of a thallium compound.

Abstract: In the preparation of a 1-alkyl- and 2-aryl-thio-methylphenol of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is, or the radicals R.sup.1 are, in the 3-, 5- and/or 6-positions relative to the hydroxyl group and each independently is a hydrogen or halogen atom, or an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl or alkoxy group,n is 1, 2, or 3, andR.sup.2 is an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted phenyl radical or an optionally substituted aralkyl radical,by reacting a phenol of the formula ##STR2## with formaldehyde or an formaldehyde producing compound and with a mercaptan or a thiophenol of the formulaR.sup.2 --S--H.the improvement which comprises effecting the reaction at a temperature of about 90.degree. to 220.degree. C.

Abstract: A process is provided for preparing dialkyl sulfides by reacting alkanols and hydrogen sulfide in the presence of a zeolite catalyst that contains a reduced amount of alkali metal cations.

Abstract: Compounds of the formulae I or II ##STR1## and processes for their preparation are described. In the above formulae, Z is a tetravalent aliphatic radical, which can be interrupted by hetero-atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted tetravalent cycloaliphatic radical, which can contain hetero-atoms and/or can be fused to a benzene ring, A is --C(R.sup.4).dbd.C(R.sup.5)(R.sup.6) or --C.tbd.C--R.sup.5, especially --CH.dbd.CH.sub.2, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently of one another are H, methyl, phenyl, --CN or Cl, or together are trimethylene, tetramethylene, ##STR2## R.sup.3 is a direct bond, C.sub.1-8 alkylene, cyclohexylene, phenylene or --CH.sub.2 -phenylene with the --CH.sub.2 group bonded to the N atom, R.sup.4 and R.sup.6 independently of one another are H, methyl or ethyl and R.sup.5 is H or C.sub.1-9 alkyl. The compounds of the formula I and II are valuable intermediates for the preparation of silicon-modified adhesion promoters.

Abstract: Compounds having the formula ##STR1## in which R is selected from the group consisting of chloro and fluoro;R.sub.1 -R.sub.4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and 1-4 carbon alkyl; andX is oxygen or sulfur protect crops from thiocarbamate herbicidal injury.

Abstract: 1-Pyrrole- and 1-pyrrolidine-carboxylic acid derivatives corresponding to the general formula: ##STR1## in which R represents an alkyl radical having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably ethyl, and Am represents a group: ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 represents a 3-oxo-alkyl radical ##STR3## or a 3-oxo-alkenyl radical ##STR4## and R.sub.2 represents hydrogen or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, when they are identical, each represent hydrogen, ##STR5## R.sub.3 representing an alkyl radical having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms with the proviso that when R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are simultaneously hydrogen, Am represents the group A.The novel derivatives are useful as intermediates for synthetizing azaprostaglandines.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 4-nitrothioanisole comprising successively in a single vessel and without intermediate isolation reacting 4-nitrochlorobenzene with Na.sub.2 S.sub.2, then with an alkaline Na.sub.2 S solution and with a methylating agent. Advantageously the reactions are effected in methanol or aqueous methanol, the reactions with Na.sub.2 S.sub.2 and Na.sub.2 S are carried out at a temperature between about 50.degree. to 70.degree. C., the Na.sub.2 S.sub.2 is formed in situ in about 20% excess from Na.sub.2 S and sulphur, the Na.sub.2 S solution is rendered alkaline with sodium methylate or sodium hydroxide, and methylation is effected with methyl chloride at about 27.degree. to 35.degree. C. The product is produced in such high yield and purity that it can be employed directly for chlorination, without extensive purification, to produce insecticide intermediates.