Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for accurate packet time stamping in a network. The apparatus includes a time stamping logic, where the time stamping logic detects when a packet is transmitted or received; and a time source, where time information from the time source is latched when the time stamping logic detects the packet. In the preferred embodiment, the time stamping logic monitors packet traffic on a bus. When the time stamping logic detects a packet, a time stamping signal is generated which latches time information from the time source. The time information may then be used to measure the transmission delay for the packet for synchronizing the clocks at the transmitting and receiving nodes.

Abstract: A system and method for synchronizing clocks related to telecommunications throughout s point-to-multipoint optical network utilizes downstream data timed using a high frequency transmission clock to distribute timing information of a central telecom-based clock to remote terminals. In an exemplary embodiment, the point-to-multipoint optical network system is an Ethernet-based passive optical network (PON) system that operates in accordance with a Gigabit Ethernet standard. The timing information of the central telecom-based clock is extracted from the downstream data at each remote terminal by recovering the high frequency transmission clock and then, deriving a reference clock, which is synchronized with the central telecom-based clock, from the recovered transmission clock. The reference clock is then used to generate one or more telecom-related clocks that are needed by the remote terminal.

Abstract: Burst frame generation circuit 307 generates burst data solely made of pilot symbols and transmission power control symbols. Transmission interval control circuit 308 controls the transmission interval of said burst data N times (N: a natural number) one slot at the end of transmission and maintains synchronization while reducing power consumption.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling the traffic load of a base station in a mobile communication system. The base station dynamically manages the state transitions of the mobile stations according the amount of traffic load carried by the base station. Also. the base station distinguishes and compensates for the different service requirements of a voice service and a data packet service, thereby providing an efficient and high quality communication service.

Abstract: The invention is an apparatus and method for using electromagnetic energy as the means of automatic data collection (ADC). The communication system that comprises the invention utilizes frequency modulated (“FM”) sideband electromagnetic energy to enable full duplex communication with another communication device. In one embodiment one of the communication devices is passive and the carrier is used to power the passive device. In another embodiment the communication devices are active and the carrier is suppressed to increase range or decrease power constraints, as the application requires.

Abstract: A system for balancing outbound dialing rate with agent utilization in a telephony call center, minimizing wait time for answered outdialed calls has a call number generating module for generating numbers to be automatically dialed, a dialing unit for dialing numbers generated, a queue for queing answered calls, and a stat module for monitoring performance and generating a call generation rate. The system uses an analytical method in one embodiment for determining the call generation rate, wherein the method uses one or more of distribution function of system processes, numerical methods, solving of non-linear equations, or probability techniques.

Abstract: A packet mapper prioritizes streams of data packets in a computer network, each data packet having a packet header containing feature values descriptive of the data packet. The packet mapper includes a mapping table that associates application-related features with network-reserved feature values from a range of feature values reserved for use by selected network data packet streams, and a feature value mapper that performs at least one of (i) in each packet header having an application-related feature value associated with a network-reserved feature value, substituting the associated network-reserved feature value for the application-related feature value, and (ii) in each packet header having a network-reserved feature value associated with an application-related feature value, substituting the associated application-related feature value for the network-reserved feature value.

Abstract: A multi-port packet processor on an integrated circuit provides an efficient means to interface multiple high-speed packet-based communications channels. The multi-port packet processor includes multiple port processors. Each port processor can include a channel interface for coupling to a respective communications channel, a channel processor for processing the data packets received through the channel interface, and an interprocessor communications interface for providing communication between the port processors. The channel interface can be designed to process data packets using a particular set of packet-based protocols. Alternatively, the channel interface can be designed having programmable controls to allow processing of data packets using a selected set, from a number of possible sets, of packet-based protocols.

Abstract: A scheme for identifying usable carriers for a particular modulation type and selecting, if possible, a modulation type for modulation of OFDM symbol block associated with data packets in a standard transmission mode based on data channel conditions. Channel estimation for an OFDM symbol block received by a receiving network node over a data channel during a packet transmission by a transmitting network node generates information indicative of noise events on symbols and carriers in the OFDM block, the generated information being related to modulation types available for the standard transmission mode, and determines from the generated information if at least one of the modulation types available for the standard transmission mode may be used for a next data transmission over the data channel by the transmitting network node using the standard transmission mode. One of the modulation types is selected if it is determined that at least one of the modulation types may be used.

Abstract: A mobile communication system having a layered architecture communicates user and signaling data among components of the communication system in the form of information elements which are encapsulated within packets and which may be passed across one or more system interfaces. The mobile communication system may comprises mobile user stations, base stations, and base station controllers and operates as a transparent data pipeline between application end users, such as a telephone service, connected at base station controllers and mobile user stations. Each system interface functions as a communication channel between system components, providing the lower layers of a layered communication system architecture. In a particular embodiment, the interface between the base station and the user stations is a TDMA interface, and the interface between a base radio transceiver and a line card processor comprises a dual-port RAM which is used as a shared resource across the interface.

Abstract: A switching system in an ATM switching system accommodating an ABR is constructed of an individual units connected to a transmitting terminal or a receiving terminal to implement an efficient bandwidth authorization, and a plurality of intra-system relay devices having transmission allowed rate calculating units. In this switching system, there are separated a transfer of a management cell between the transmitting terminal or the receiving terminal and the individual unit and a transfer of the management cell between the plurality of intra-system relay devices.

Abstract: A network access device includes a cell buffer memory (54) and segmentation and reassembly (SAR) logic (40) between multiple local area network (LAN) interface logic blocks (33, 36) and logic (56) interfacing with a cell-based network such as ATM. The cell buffer memory can be programmably partitioned into distinct buffer regions, each being associated with a respective LAN and with a respective set of virtual connections on the cell-based network. The SAR logic segments received frames into groups of cells, stores each group of cells into the buffer region associated with the respective LAN, and transfers the groups of cells from each buffer region to the cell-based-network interface logic via the associated virtual connections. The SAR logic and the cell memory are shared among multiple LAN bridges implemented by the LAN interface logic blocks and the cell-based-network interface logic, while traffic from the different bridges is kept separate.

Abstract: A bi-directional network medium monitor including a tap apparatus connected inserted in a network media, e.g. Fiber Optic (FX) and Twisted Pair (TX), comprising a transceiver and a clock recovery element for each medium and medium monitor connection, and a bi-directional serial data multiplexer which directs the medium data while in the serial data format. Also, the medium monitor may interrupt medium data transfer in either medium direction and insert its data for diagnostic or other network purposes. Thus, the apparatus according to the present invention is operable to monitor a network at the maximum data rates currently used while providing no significantly network data delay.

Abstract: In an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) disassembler unit that is receiving ATM cells from an optical interface and converting data from these cells onto a constant bit rate (CBR) call, only a nominal predefined build out is defined for each optical interface. If an ATM cell is not received within the proper amount of time for the CBR call from the optical interface, the build out is automatically adjusted so that the build out is equal to the amount of delay that was experienced in receiving the next ATM cell for the call. Only the build out for the individual call that actually experienced the delay of the ATM cell is redefined. The other calls being handled by the optical interface are not effected by this automatic adjustment of the build out interval for the individual call. In addition, when an ATM cell is delayed for a particular call, the information that is transmitted for the call is the last PCM sample of the present ATM cell for that call.

Abstract: A bridging device for mapping and demapping Ethernet data packets onto a SONET network includes an Ethernet controller chip set which receives packet data, a SONET framer for a SONET interface, a UTOPIA interface for the SONET framer, and an FPGA (or ASIC) which bridges the UTOPIA interface and a system bus interface of the Ethernet controller. The FPGA is preferably implemented in VHDL software code as several modules: an Ethernet controller interface module, a chunk memory module, a UTOPIA interface module, a microprocessor interface module, and a UTOPIA OUT module. In a transmit mode, the Ethernet controller interface module interfaces with the data and control signals from a thirty-two bit data bus of the Ethernet controller chip set and writes the data to chunk memory implemented in the FPGA. The chunk memory module implements the chunk memory to a programmable size.

Abstract: A data distribution system having multicast packet replicators supplying redundant packets for distribution from redundant facilities is provided with an improvement wherein the redundant packets are provided via separate local area network interface ports and have different source addresses.

Abstract: A signal processing circuit which can effectively use a serial interface bus, provided with transmission processing circuits and a link core for dividing or synthesizing an input transport stream packet based on a number of divided blocks or a number of synthesized packets set in advance in accordance with the input rate, adding a time stamp which suppresses jitter at the serial interface bus and determines the output time of the data at the reception side, and sends the same to the serial interface bus.

Abstract: A test system which can verify the internal connectivity in an ATM switching system by using loopback OAM cells, without establishing any dedicated channels or using special cells newly defined for test purposes. The connectivity test system produces a loopback OAM cell containing a local subsystem identifier in a predetermined field thereof to designate a specific local subsystem in the ATM switching system as the intended loopback point. This loopback OAM cell is transmitted to the ATM switching system by a transmission unit. A response unit, disposed in each local subsystem in the ATM switching system, receives the loopback OAM cell from the transmission unit through a certain physical link, and it checks the predetermined field of the received loopback OAM cell. If the identifier found in the field agrees with the local subsystem's own identifier, the response unit sends back the received loopback OAM cell through the same link so that it will be returned to the originator via the same route.

Abstract: Signaling information is communicated over an ATM link or other packet-based communication link using packet headers. The information may be, for example, telephony signaling information such as an on-hook/off-hook indicator, a ring/no-ring indicator, or any other type of information used in establishing, maintaining, terminating or otherwise configuring a telephony-based communication. In an illustrative embodiment, a single bit of signaling information is incorporated into a low order bit of a packet type indicator field in a header of an ATM user data cell. This low order bit, which is generally used as an End of Message (EOM) indicator in a cell which is part of a multi-cell message, can be used to transmit the signaling information in packets corresponding to single-cell messages.

Abstract: A repeater allows terminals of a first communications system, employing a first air protocol or radio interface, to communicate with terminals of a second communications system, employing a second air protocol or radio interface different from the first. Where the first and second air protocols differ only in operating frequency, but are otherwise compatible, the repeater may linearly translate signals from the first operating frequency to the second operating frequency, and vice versa, without demodulating and remodulating the signals. Where the air protocols differ in other ways, the repeater receives and demodulates signals from the first system, converts the signals to a common format, and remodulates and retransmits the signals according to the second air protocol (and vice versa), in the same frequency bands or in different frequency bands.