Abstract: Petroleum or coal tar pitch-based cellular or porous products having a density of preferably between about 0.1 g/cm3 and about 0.8 g/cm3 are produced by the controlled heating of mesophase carbon materials derived from coal tar or petroleum pitch having a softening point in excess of about 300° C. and preferably between about 300 and about 400° C. in a “mold” and under a non-oxidizing atmosphere. The porous product thereby produced, preferably as a net shape or near net shape, can be machined, adhered and otherwise fabricated to produce a wide variety of low cost, low density products.

Abstract: Fuel-water emulsions in which an alkoxylated, preferably an ethoxylated, polyisobutene is used as an emulsifier are described. Stable emulsions, in particular of diesel-water mixtures, which have advantageous properties when used as fuel in internal combustion engines can be prepared in this manner.