Abstract: A two-cycle method for flushing an automobile cooling system and apparatus associated therewith. The method comprises cutting a hose between a water pump and a heater of a standard automobile cooling system. A pressurized air and water mixture is then introduced into the heater end of the cut hose, and after circulating through the cooling system, it exits through an opening in the top of a radiator which is normally sealed by a radiator cap. When this exiting water becomes clear, the second cycle is begun. The air and water mixture is introduced into the radiator opening and it circulates through the system in the opposite direction eventually exiting from the heater end of the cut hose. The apparatus of this invention includes a flow-through radiator cap which replaces the standard radiator cap, a plug which seals the water pump end of the cut hose and an "X" connector which by means of a pair of diverter valves directs the flow of the air and water into either the cut hose or the radiator opening.

Abstract: A method for recovering sensible heat from a thermally decomposed high temperature hydrocarbon gas product in the form of high pressure steam of from 40 to 100 kg/cm.sup.2 has been discovered. This method comprises pre-cooling at first the thermally decomposed gas product of high temperature by mixing said gas product with sprayed low temperature hydrocarbon oil as a quenching oil to a temperature of about 300.degree. to 400.degree. C.; and then passing the resulting mixture through the tubes of a shell-and-tube type heat exchanger so as to transfer the heat of said mixture into a high pressure water flowing through the space of the shell side thereof to recover a high pressure steam, followed by separating the condensed hydrocarbon oil from the mixture to reuse said oil by recirculation.

Abstract: This invention comprises a solar unit in the form of a window having a plurality of vanes extending thereacross connected for unitary pivotal movement relative to the frame, together with means for adjusting the vanes for the collection of solar heat in utilizing such heat to heat water or air circulated through pipes carried by the vanes and connected to suitable headers at each end of the vanes or adjustment of the vanes to permit air and light to enter the enclosure in a wall of which the window collector is mounted and to permit circulation of cold water or air through the pipes extending through the vanes to cool the interior of the enclosure, as well as to permit adjustment of the vanes in such manner as to, in effect, to close the window from the outside of the enclosure from the outside atmosphere enveloping the enclosure, and to position the vanes in such manner as to augment either the heating or cooling of the enclosure as desired.

Abstract: Apparatus for heat exchange between a fluid and air, having at least one heat exchanger element comprising a plurality of fluid tubes to which are secured heat transfer strips which define between them air passages having length .ltoreq. 25 mm., hydraulic diameter < 2 mm, with each element being at an angle of at most 45.degree. to the relative flow direction of the air before its entrance into the heat exchanger; at the rear of each element the strips are bent to extend in the discharge direction of the air issuing from the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A first substance and a liquid are conveyed along a conduit at least part of which is arranged in heat-exchange relationship with a second substance. Upstream of this part of the conduit, a suspension of the first substance in the liquid is formed wherein the first substance has an average particle size between 10 and 150 microns and a concentration between 1 and 6 volume percent. The suspension is conveyed along the conduit under conditions of turbulent flow. In this manner, the efficiency of the heat-exchange between the suspension and the second substance is increased. The method may be used to increase the heat-exchange efficiency in the extraction of bauxite so that an apparatus of given size can extract greater quantities of bauxite or, conversely, so that a given quantity of bauxite can be extracted with an apparatus of smaller size.

Abstract: A building structure includes a plurality of structural load bearing wall portions in thermal contact with the external atmosphere and further load bearing means located inside the building structure in thermal contact with the internal atmosphere of the building. The structural load bearing wall portions are formed by a plurality of liquid tight, hollow load bearing panel members for the flow of a liquid at a preselected temperature therethrough. Each of the panel members includes inlet means for the introduction of liquid therein and outlet means for the removal of liquid therefrom. The panel members and their inlet and outlet means are arranged and connected in fluid flow relation to provide a predetermined flow pattern of the liquid through the load bearing structural wall portions. Pumping means are connected in fluid flow relation to the panel members for forcing liquid through said wall portions.

Abstract: A heat exchanger wherein the hot and cold sides are arranged in side-by-side relationship, both sides being connected to a reactor by properly valved pipes, and means providing for a forward flow with reactor influent flowing through one side to the reactor and thermally conditioned liquid exiting from the reactor through the other side. Valves are selectively operable to reverse this flow.One form of the invention utilizes a pair of heat exchangers utilizing a third heat transfer medium.

Abstract: An optimized air conditioning control system is disclosed having a source of return air, a first source of outdoor air and a second source of outdoor air, the mixture of the first source of outdoor air and the return air is controlled at a temperature such that the combination of the mixed air and the air from the second source of outdoor air is at a condition dependent upon the zone of a plurality of zones having the greatest demand.

Abstract: A supplementary heat control for a heat pump system includes thermostatic sensors on the downstream side of the heat pump heating coil. The sensors upon sensing temperature differentials in the heated air stream which indicate the need for supplemental heat operate relays. The relays, in turn, activate power input to supplementary heating coils downstream from the thermostatic sensors. A plurality of sensors are disclosed for sensing differential temperature differentials and thus permitting staging of supplementary heat.

Abstract: A power demand limiting circuit is disclosed comprising air temperature control apparatus coupled with a municipal source of electric current through a thermo-responsive switch, through a meter having means for measuring maximum power demand for any period in a succession of periods of preselected duration, and through a timer programmed to cycle a timer switch at least once during each of the periods, whereby the air temperature control apparatus is rendered incapable of demanding power continuously throughout any of the metered periods.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing temporary thermal contact between a part being processed and a heat sink is disclosed. A tacky, insert, polymer film is applied to establish intimate contact with the part and the heat sink. Since the polymer layer has greater cohesive strength than adhesive strength, the part may be separated cleanly from the polymer film with substantially no contamination. The part does adhere with sufficient force to permit improved processing such as ion etching, sputter deposition and etching, ion beam deposition, vacuum evaporation, plasma etching, reactive ion etching, chemical vapor deposition, and ion implantation without overheating. The heat sink is mounted in a supporting fixture having pressure means and vacuum means associated therewith. The vacuum means is used for pulling the device wafer onto the coated heat sink. The pressure means is used to dismount the wafer from the heat sink without physical damage or contamination.

Abstract: Movement of liquid sulphur requires a considerable heat source to maintain the sulphur in liquid form. The present application and method utilizes an outer steel pipe having a liquid sulphur inlet at one end and a liquid sulphur outlet at the other end and at least one heating fluid carrying conduit extending through the outer pipe. Liquid sulphur is pumped in at one end and the majority of this liquid sulphur is maintained in the molten state through out the length of the pipe line by the heating liquid carrying conduit. However an annular shell of solidified sulphur is allowed to form in contact with the inner surface of the wall of the outer pipe so that it acts as a thermal insulator and assists in maintaining the sulphur that is remaining in the liquid state.

Abstract: An air conditioning system controlled for automatically heating and/or cooling a multiple zone building is disclosed wherein each zone includes a zone temperature responsive load transmitter. Each load transmitter produces an output command signal for controlling operation of damper units and heating and cooling equipment. The command signal configuration is modified to avoid operation of heating and cooling equipment throughout a relatively wide "no load" band of zone temperatures centered around the zone set point temperature. The command signal is highly responsive to sensed zone temperature changes beyond the no load band so that the zone temperature tends to be maintained in the no load band.An alternative system is disclosed in which no load bands occur at two distinct command signal values and operation of damper units is effected when the command signal value shifts between the no load band values.

Abstract: A heat transfer system for use in supplementing the operation of the heating/cooling system of a building and its hot water heating system includes a heat exchanger in the flue of the furnace as well as a heat exchanger in the fan chamber. A first liquid circulation loop couples the heat exchangers for transferring heat from the flue exchanger to the air moved through the fan chamber heat exchanger. A second liquid circulation loop includes the flue exchanger and the building hot water heater for supplementing the heating of water therein. In the summer months during the cooling mode of the systems operation, cold water employed, for example, for lawn sprinkling is passed through the fan chamber heat exchanger for cooling and dehumidifying air circulated in the building. A valve control system is employed to automatically control the flow path of fluid in the system as a function of detected temperatures.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of alternately heating and cooling a heat exchanger of a heating and cooling system having a boiler and a cooler, is disclosed, in which quantities of liquid of different temperature are passed from the heat exchanger into at least two reservoirs, respectively during the warm-up phase and cool-down phases of the exchanger. Upon the change from cooling to heating, the quantity of liquid in the reservoir having the lowest temperature, is passed to the heat exchanger for preheating the latter, and upon the change from heating to cooling, the quantity of liquid in the reservoir having the highest temperature is passed to the heat exchanger for the preliminary cooling thereof.

Abstract: An air conditioning structure having a depending centrally located outlet opening and auxiliary air inlets disposed laterally with respect thereto in combination with an air handling mechanism coupled to the outlet and auxiliary air inlets thereof. The air handling mechanism is located within a special support frame for the air conditioning structure, with the frame being adapted to retain and protect insulative material adjacent the exterior surfaces of the air handler mechanism. The air handling mechanism includes a central supply duct for conducting air from the air conditioning structure to a point of use and has a pair of laterally disposed return air handler ducts for conducting and treating the air returned from the point of use to the air conditioning structure, and further includes an exhaust duct extending from the supply duct by which air from the point of use may optionally be exhausted to ambient.

Abstract: A fireplace heating and cooling system is disclosed which heats air in a forced air heating system and heats water for a circulating hot water heating system or for hot tap water when combustion occurs in the fireplace and alternately will cool the air in a central, forced air system by circulating water cooled by a heat sink, through heat exchangers. A water reservoir is mounted on top of a fireplace firebox, having a central passage formed therethrough communicating with the throat of the firebox for absorbing heat from the combustion gases to heat water stored in the reservoir. A valve means selectively connects the water reservoir to a pressurized water supply, with an outlet to a circulating hot water heating system or to hot water taps. An air plenum is formed around the reservoir for circulating air from the ambient, across the reservoir to transfer heat between the water and the air.

Abstract: An integrated, completely automatic solar heating and cooling system for buildings is disclosed. The system includes a first and a second interconnectable cooling/heating subsystem each of which includes a group of solar heat collecting panels, a heat storage reservoir, and a piping network for transferring the heat exchange media, preferably water, therebetween. A third subsystem transfers the media from one or both of the reservoirs to a heat exchanger which transfers heat to or from the building's heating and cooling distribution system. Cooling for the building is accomplished by using a fourth subsystem to chill the media in the first subsystem. In the cooling mode, the solar panels of the first subsystem are covered and used as a heat exchanger, and the second subsystem, isolated from the first heating subsystem, is used to heat the building's hot water system and to provide building heat if required.

Abstract: Heat exchange takes place between two fluids, namely, mineralized aqueous fluid containing dissolved or dispersed solids or mineral salts and a second fluid, in heat exchange apparatus wherein the surfaces to be contacted by the mineralized aqueous fluid are (1) preferentially oil wettable and (2) substantially zero water adsorbent and (3) are continuously wetted with an organic liquid (oil) which is not permanently miscible with the aqueous fluid being treated, whereby adherence of solids or mineral salts contained in the aqueous fluid or solution is prevented. The preferentially oil wettable and substantially zero water adsorbent contacted surfaces are preferably fluorocarbon polymers such as FEP, however, parylene surfaces are effective and substantially zero water adsorbent but are not as satisfactory as fluorocarbon polymers since parylene coatings on metal are not as permanent as FEP coatings and tend to blister under certain conditions.

Abstract: A wall unit comprising oppositely disposed panels defining a cavity between them, the cavity containing insulating means and being filled with dry air or other dry gas, for example nitrogen, the cavity being connected to a volume compensation device for the air or gas.