Abstract: An evaporative system is for an internal combustion engine. The internal combustion engine has an intake pipe equipped with a supercharger to pressurize intake air. The evaporative system includes an ejector, an ejector passage, and a pressure sensor. The ejector is to draw intake airflow from a downstream of the supercharger to an upstream of the supercharger to cause a negative pressure to draw fuel vapor into the upstream of the supercharger. The ejector passage is branched from the downstream of the supercharger and is returned through the ejector to the upstream of the supercharger. The pressure sensor is communicated with the ejector passage to detect pressure in the ejector passage.

Abstract: A reciprocating piston engine which has a cylinder block, at least one combustion chamber arranged in the cylinder block and a liner which borders the combustion chamber and is composed of a first material is provided. In one example, the reciprocating piston engine comprises a reinforcing element composed of a second material for the radial reinforcement of the liner, said reinforcing element being arranged between the cylinder block and the liner and at least partially surrounding the liner, with the second material having a higher modulus of elasticity than the first material.

Abstract: A carburetor achieves better emission characteristics while improving a combustion state by increasing a delivery ratio of a stratified scavenging engine and reducing intake resistance. No dividing wall is provided between a throttle valve 204 and a choke valve 242, and a gap 244 between the valves 204 and 242 is opened. Intake air in both of an upper region and a lower region of the choke valve 242 flows into an air-fuel mixture passage 246 in a lower region of the fully-open throttle valve 204. A main nozzle 202 is arranged so as to be inclined toward the throttle valve 204.

Abstract: A combustion system is provided for an internal combustion engine including a cylinder head and a piston. In one example, a combustion system may include a cylinder head with a second cylinder surface angled relative to a first cylinder surface, an intake port coupled to the first cylinder surface, an exhaust port coupled to the second cylinder surface, and a piston with a first piston surface parallel to the first cylinder surface and a second piston surface parallel to the second cylinder surface.

Abstract: A spark-ignited (SI) internal combustion (IC) engine designed to operate on high octane fuels, such as gasoline, is reconfigured to operate on low octane fuels including logistically preferred distillate fuels, such as diesel or JP-8. Design modifications involve coupling a fuel reformer module to the internal combustion engine. Auxiliary components include a system control module, a heat exchange module, a bypass valve to facilitate start-up, and/or a throttle body to control a reformate-oxidizer mixture fed to the engine. Small portable generators having 0.3-3.0 kWe power output are disclosed based upon the modified SI-IC engine design.

Abstract: A valve device includes a housing, a flow duct and a valve body. The valve body is arranged in the flow duct and has a sealing section that bears against a housing-side sealing seat when the valve device is closed. The sealing section and the sealing seat together form a sealing region. There is a collapse zone immediately upstream of the sealing region in the flow duct when the valve device is closed. The collapse zone is delimited by a boundary wall that is at least substantially perpendicular with respect to a movement axis of the valve body and by a deflector wall that is arranged at an angle with respect to the boundary wall. The boundary wall is longer than the deflector wall.

Abstract: A method for controlling a position of an electronic throttle valve of an internal combustion engine is provided. The method includes determining a desired throttle valve position; determining a first feed forward signal based on a rate of change between a previous throttle valve position and the desired throttle valve position; and determining a second feed forward signal based on a comparison of the desired throttle valve position to a limp home position of the throttle valve, in which the throttle valve is biased open by a spring. A summation of the first and second feed forward signals is used to actuate the throttle valve. After the throttle valve has been actuated according to the first and second feed forward signals, the position of the throttle valve is controlled with a feedback controller to obtain the desired throttle valve position.

Abstract: An aim of the present invention is, in a plug for high frequency emission disposed at an end of a casing having an emission antenna, to suppress a high frequency noise emitted from the emission antenna. The present invention is directed to a plug for high frequency emission including a transmission line for transmitting an electromagnetic wave, an emission antenna for emitting the electromagnetic wave supplied via the transmission line, and a casing constituted by a cylindrical shaped conductor, provided with the emission antenna at one end of the casing, and accommodating therein the transmission line extending from the emission antenna toward the other end of the casing. Inside of the casing, a central conductor electrically connected to the emission antenna and an outer conductor spaced apart from and surrounding the central conductor are embedded in an insulator so as to collectively constitute the transmission line, and the outer conductor is disposed in and held in non-contact with the casing.

Abstract: An air flow velocity calculating device of a internal combustion engine, has a cylinder, a spark plug, an air intake passage, an air flow controlling valve, an air flow velocity calculating portion, and an electric discharge current controlling portion. An electric discharge between a center electrode and a ground electrode is sustained during an electric discharge sustaining period. The electric discharge sustaining period is a period from when the electric discharge begins to when the electric discharge is intercepted by the air flow. Energy is supplied to the spark plug, so that the electric discharge current is sustained at a constant value by the electric discharge current controlling portion during an ignition period. The ignition period is a sum of an electric discharge sustaining period of a first electric discharge and electric discharge sustaining periods of second and subsequent electric discharges in one cycle of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A fuel module apparatus is for a marine engine. The fuel module apparatus includes a housing having a fuel cavity and a fuel pump in the housing. The fuel pump is configured to pump fuel through the fuel cavity from an inlet on the housing to an outlet on the housing. A cooling fluid sprayer sprays cooling fluid onto an outer surface of the housing to thereby cool the housing and the fuel in the fuel cavity.

Abstract: A cooling system for an engine is provided. The cooling system includes coolant flow paths including a first flow path and a second flow path and where coolant circulates, a coolant pump for circulating coolant within the coolant flow paths, a flow rate control valve for adjusting a flow rate of the coolant through the second flow path, a temperature detector for detecting a temperature of the coolant within the first flow path, and a valve controller for adjusting an opening of the flow rate control valve based on the temperature detected by the temperature detector. The first flow path passes through a cylinder head of the engine, and the second flow path branches from the first flow path and passes through auxiliary machinery of the engine.

Abstract: In an apparatus for heating an intake system for an engine of a vehicle by hot water, the vehicle having an engine compartment placed in a front part, in which a radiator is placed on a front side, and the engine and the intake system are placed behind the radiator. The intake system includes an intake passage and a throttle device. A hot water passage is provided to circulate hot water around the throttle device to heat the throttle device, the hot water having been warmed by cooling the engine. In the hot water passage, a hot water control valve is provided. In the hot water control valve, an expanding-contracting member made of shape-memory alloy is provided to control opening and closing of the hot water control valve in response to the internal temperature of the engine compartment.

Abstract: A fuel supply apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes a fuel pump, a fuel pipe, a reduction valve, and an electronic control unit. The electronic control unit is configured to drive the fuel pump to rotate such that a required flow rate of the fuel is realized, while adjusting the fuel pressure in the fuel pipe to a target value, by driving the fuel pump to rotate. The electronic control unit is configured to operate the reduction valve to be opened when the operation state of the fuel pump is a first operation state. The first operation state is the operation state of the fuel pump where the frequency of the fuel pump has a value within a resonance area.

Abstract: A direct injection (DI) fuel supply system includes an accumulator valve coupled to a high pressure fuel line at a position between an accumulator and a fuel rail. A controller of the DI fuel supply system is configured to control the accumulator valve to maintain the pressurized fuel housed in the fuel rail at a desired pressure and to control the accumulator valve proximate a fuel injection event by a fuel injector such that the accumulator supplies the fuel rail with approximately the portion of the pressurized fuel injected by the fuel injector during the fuel injection event. This positioning of the accumulator valve between the DI positive displacement fuel pump and the fuel rail together with active control thereof also insulates the fuel rail and the fuel injector from fuel pressure pulsations generated by the DI positive displacement fuel pump.

Abstract: An example of a cylinder liner according to the present disclosure includes a first portion having a first end and a second end and a second portion having a first end and a second end. The second portion is separate from the first portion and the second end of the first portion overlays the first end of the second portion. The first portion and the second portion are configured to receive a piston slideably disposed within the first portion and the second portion.

Abstract: Provided is a sliding member capable of achieving excellent wear resistance and high coating adhesion under harsh sliding conditions without subjecting a base member to nitriding treatment. The sliding member includes a base member made of a steel material and a hard coating that is formed on the base member and having a surface serving at least as a sliding surface. The hard coating has a Young's modulus having a distribution to increase first in a depth direction directed from an interface between the hard coating and the base member to the surface, to become maximum at a predetermined depth, and then to decrease in the depth direction directed from the interface to the surface.

Abstract: In ported engine constructions, cooling of piston crowns and cylinder liners results in reduction or elimination of bore/liner distortions, thus ensuring circularity of the bore/piston interface throughout engine operation. Consequently, the need for heavily-tensioned piston rings is eliminated. Such engine constructions incorporate annular low-tension compression seals on the pistons, which substantially reduce port bridge wear during all phases of engine operation while also limiting blow-by during combustion.

Abstract: To balance a “low-temperature scavenging effect” and a “high-temperature scavenging effect.” A scavenging system applicable to a leading-air type two-stroke air-cooled engine has a low-temperature scavenging passage and a high-temperature scavenging passage. The low-temperature scavenging passage has first and second passages and includes scavenging ports at upper end parts thereof. The high-temperature scavenging passage has first and second passages and includes scavenging ports at upper end parts thereof. An air is filled through a piston groove into the passages. The low-temperature scavenging passage has a relatively small capacity. The high-temperature scavenging passage has a relatively large capacity.

Abstract: A cooling device includes a first cooling medium circuit for circulating a cooling medium that passes through a main body of an engine to a first heat exchanger, a second cooling medium circuit for circulating a cooling medium that passes through the main body to a second heat exchanger, a control valve that is commonly used in the first and second cooling medium circuits, and a control device. The control valve includes a rotatable rotor, and is configured such that a rotation range of the rotor includes a water stop section in which the circuits are both closed. The control device restricts output power of the engine in a period in which the rotation angle is in the water stop section, when the rotor rotates via the water stop section at an operating time of the control valve.

Abstract: The present invention aims at effectively emitting an electromagnetic wave to a combustion chamber from an emission antenna in an internal combustion engine that promotes combustion of an air fuel mixture utilizing the electromagnetic wave. The present invention is directed to an internal combustion engine including: an internal combustion engine main body formed with a combustion chamber; and an electromagnetic wave emission device that emits an electromagnetic wave to the combustion chamber from an emission antenna. The internal combustion engine promotes combustion of the air fuel mixture by way of the electromagnetic wave emitted to the combustion chamber. The emission antenna is provided in an insulating member and extends along the partitioning surface. The insulating member is provided on a partitioning surface that partitions the combustion chamber.