Abstract: A sensor apparatus includes a photosensitive sensor, a cover, and a moving mechanism. The photosensitive sensor includes a first lens and a second lens which focus on a photosensitive element. The cover includes a first slit arranged on an optical axis of the first lens and a second slit arranged on an optical axis of the second lens. The moving mechanism is configured to move the photosensitive sensor and the cover relative to each other so that the second slit is arranged on the optical axis of the first lens.

Abstract: An information processing device including at least one processor, wherein the processor is configured to: acquire positional information indicating a position of a compression member, which is configured to be movable in a plane direction of a contact surface with a breast, in the plane direction in a mammography apparatus that irradiates the breast compressed by the compression member with radiation to capture a radiographic image; and perform control to direct an image projection unit, which projects a projection image onto a projection surface of the compression member, to project the projection image onto the projection surface of the compression member whose position has been specified on the basis of the positional information.

Abstract: A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a program causes a computer to perform an analysis process based on a radiation moving image in which a dynamic state of a specific site of a subject is captured. The program includes the analysis process in which, an analysis is performed based on the radiation moving image wherein when a plane in which the specific site is movable is to be a movable plane, the radiation moving image is obtained by irradiating radiation on the specific site in a state in which the radiation is orthogonal to the movable plane.

Abstract: An improved method for time alignment (TA) procedure and crystal efficiency (CE) normalization estimation procedure for a PET scanner system is disclosed. In the TA procedure modeled time-of-flight (TOF) data are compared against the measured TOF data from an axially short cylinder phantom in order to find individual detector's time offsets (TOs). Then the TOs are estimated simultaneously by matching the TOF center of mass between the modeled and measured TOF data. In the CE estimation, TOF reconstruction of CBM data on the axially short cylinder phantom is performed. Alternating between TOF image reconstruction and CE updates eventually lead to the correct estimation of activity and CE component.

Abstract: A photodetector comprising a doped semiconductor photoabsorber, a barrier layer in contact with the photo absorber layer on one side, and at least one doped semiconductor contact area on the opposite side of the barrier layer. The barrier has a valence band energy substantially equal to the valence band energy of the photo absorber, and a thickness and a conductance band gap sufficient to allow tunneling of minority carriers, and block the flow of thermalized majority carriers from the photo absorber to the contact area. A P-doped or N-doped semiconductor may be utilized. The photoabsorber layer may extend past the one or more individual sections of the contact areas in the direction across the photo-detector.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for determination of the gas composition of a sample gas using glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy, in which the method comprises: generating one or more oscillating electromagnetic fields within a plasma cell to excite particles within the cell, to produce a glow discharge plasma in the plasma cell, and controlling the operating conditions for the plasma cell while flowing a gas mixture through the plasma cell to maintain glow discharge optical emissions from the plasma within a desired operating range; and monitoring one or more glow discharge optical emissions from the plasma in the plasma cell by measuring the optical emissions, or measuring a signal that correlates with the optical emissions, at twice the plasma excitation frequency; and processing the signal during each excitation cycle of the electromagnetic excitation, to determine the concentration of a gas within a gas mixture flowing through the plasma cell.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wave module comprising a chip and a lens unit. The chip has a first face, a second face opposed to the first face, and a third face connecting the first face and the second face. The lens unit has a curved face forming a lens, a fourth face opposed to the curved face, and a recessed portion encompassed in an outer edge of the curved face on a projected plane in an optical axis of the lens. The recessed portion has a fifth face disposed at a position closer to the curved face than the fourth face, and a sixth face connecting the fifth face and the fourth face. At least a part of the sixth face of the recessed portion is in contact with at least a part of the third face of the chip.

Abstract: Various technologies presented herein relate to a method and equipment for detecting both airborne radioisotope and molecular effluent gases. Multi-Axis Sensing can be conducted by utilizing a pressurized MOF sorbent, such as a scintillating Metal-Organic Frameworks (S-MOFs). These MOFs are crystalline nanoporous materials that have synthetic versatility that allow adjustment of pore size, chemical environment, and luminescence properties. A method for detecting an analyte in a fluid sample is provided that comprises: loading a sorbent with a sample fluid, wherein the sorbent comprises a MOF material; pressurizing the sample fluid to increase the fluid in the sorbent thereby making a pressurized sorbent; and detecting ionizing radiation or a chemical property of the analyte in the pressurized sorbent.

Abstract: Systems and methods for sensing vibrational absorption induced photothermal effect via a visible light source. A Mid-infrared photothermal probe (MI-PTP, or MIP) approach achieves 10 mM detection sensitivity and sub-micron lateral spatial resolution. Such performance exceeds the diffraction limit of infrared microscopy and allows label-free three-dimensional chemical imaging of live cells and organisms. Distributions of endogenous lipid and exogenous drug inside single cells can be visualized. MIP imaging technology may enable applications from monitoring metabolic activities to high-resolution mapping of drug molecules in living systems, which are beyond the reach of current infrared microscopy.

Abstract: Exemplary aspects of a treatment device are described, such as a body, a plurality of generator elements, and a housing. The body may contain a processing unit. The plurality of generator elements may be disposed within the body and be independently operable to output different energy types. The housing may be removably securable to the body. The housing may have a proximal end, a distal end, and a circumferential wall surrounding the plurality of generator elements when the housing is secured to the body, the distal end of the housing being positionable on skin about an area of the skin. The housing also may include an insulating material for permitting flows of the different energy types toward the area of skin and limiting flows of the different energy types outside the housing. Related apparatus, methods, and systems are described.

Abstract: A device to host a crystallization medium, such as a solution, for crystal growth and a system for X-ray diffraction experiments to determine the atomic structure of crystals. A plurality of cells have a well, a sample holder placed in the well. The solution is hosted in the sample holder between thin-plates or one thin-plate. A cap seals an opening to the cell and each sample holder can be extracted independently from each well. A system for automated X-ray diffraction experiments for small crystals in the sample holder extracted from the wells utilizes an ultrasonic acoustic levitator to determine the crystal structure at atomic resolution. X-ray diffraction images are generated by scanning the X-ray beam over the levitated sample holder along a spiral trajectory by rotating the sample holder and moving in the direction perpendicular to the X-ray beam and the rotation axis at the same time.

Abstract: Interface surfaces of mechanical system components may comprise one or more radiographic markers. A radiographic marker may comprise a marker material having a radiopacity greater than a radiopacity of a parent material of a mechanical system component that comprises that radiographic marker. Mechanical systems comprising one or more radiographically-marked components may be radiographically imaged to determine wear, damage, and/or other conditions.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a radiation detector includes a base body, a first radiation detection element, and a second radiation detection element. The base body includes a first surface. The first surface includes first and second partial regions. A first direction from the first partial region toward the second partial region is along the first surface. The first radiation detection element is fixable to the first partial region. The second radiation detection element includes a first detecting part fixable to the second partial region. The first detecting part includes first and second end portions. A second direction from the first end portion toward the second end portion crosses the first surface. The second end portion is between the first end portion and the second partial region in the second direction. The first radiation detection element does not overlap the first end portion in the first direction.

Abstract: A method is provided for detecting presence and absence of a creature. The method includes, receiving an input signal from a radiation sensor; applying a first low-pass filter to the received input signal with a first time constant and generating a first filter output; applying a second low-pass filter to the received input signal with a second time constant and generating a second filter output. The method also includes determining a presence of a creature by comparing a slope of the first filter output to a predetermined value; and determining an absence of the creature based on further processing. A corresponding device for detecting presence and absence of a creature is also provided.

Abstract: Example implementations relate to an inspection method for training a measurement machine to accurately measure side joint lengths and detecting a defect among a plurality of solder joints. The method includes receiving a first data representing the side joint lengths of the plurality of solder joints measured by a first measurement machine and a second data representing the side joint lengths measured by a second measurement machine. Further, the method includes determining a correlation value based on a statistical analysis of a relationship between the first data and the second data. The method further includes updating an algorithm used by the first measurement machine to measure the side joint lengths, based on the correlation value to reduce deviation between the first data and the second data. Later, the updated algorithm is used as a dimensional metrology in the first measurement machine for detecting the defect in the solder joints.

Abstract: Zero power wireless sensors, devices, and systems are used for crop water content monitoring. The sensors consume no power while monitoring for the presence of dry crop conditions. Infrared reflectance from plants is measured and when selected spectral conditions are met, a circuit is closed, activating an alarm, an RFID tag, or a radio transmitter. The deployed sensors consume no power while monitoring, reducing or eliminating the need to change batteries.

Abstract: The invention relates to a detection arrangement, a detection system comprising said arrangement, and a method of processing data from said arrangement. The detector arrangement disclosed comprises at least one array of detectors, wherein the detectors are configured to detect photons emitted from an object as a result of positron annihilation due to irradiation of the object with photons of a predetermined energy. Each detector in the array is linked to or associated with one or more other detector in the array to define a region of interest (RoI). The detector arrangement comprises or is communicatively coupled to a coincidence trigger unit which is configured to register or determine a coincidence in response to receiving detection signals from two different detectors forming part of the same RoI and indicating detection of substantially back-to-back co-linear and co-incident photons in the RoI.

Abstract: A radiation reduction system that includes a computer and an imaging device configured to provide an image of a subject during a medical procedure using electromagnetic radiation. A variety of inputs are accepted from the medical practitioner using the computer such as subject body type, weight, and the like. These user inputs are used by the computer to determine operating settings that are transmitted to the imaging device using a communications link that may be wireless. The calculated settings are useful to generate one or more medically useful images of the subject while significantly reducing the overall radiation exposure to the subject and/or the personnel and/or medical practitioner.

Abstract: A scintillation crystal can include a rare earth silicate, an activator, and a Group 2 co-dopant. In an embodiment, the Group 2 co-dopant concentration may not exceed 200 ppm atomic in the crystal or 0.25 at % in the melt before the crystal is formed. The ratio of the Group 2 concentration/activator atomic concentration can be in a range of 0.4 to 2.5. In another embodiment, the scintillation crystal may have a decay time no greater than 40 ns, and in another embodiment, have the same or higher light output than another crystal having the same composition except without the Group 2 co-dopant. In a further embodiment, a boule can be grown to a diameter of at least 75 mm and have no spiral or very low spiral and no cracks. The scintillation crystal can be used in a radiation detection apparatus and be coupled to a photosensor.

Abstract: A structure for pressurization analysis includes a sample accommodating unit (10) for accommodating an all-solid-state battery (S) therein, and a pressurizing unit (30) having a pressurizing mechanism for causing pressure to act on the all-solid-state battery (S). The all-solid-state battery (S) is pressurized inside the sample accommodating unit (10) while being sandwiched between a pressure receiving member (21) and a pressing member (22). Further, an X-ray window (14) is provided in an outer radial direction orthogonal to an acting direction of the pressure from the pressurizing unit (30), and reflection type X-ray diffraction measurement can be performed through the X-ray window (14).