Abstract: An electron-emitting apparatus is constituted by an electron-emitting device having an electroconductive film including electron-emitting portions, and an electrode for attracting electrons. An electrically insulated elongated region is formed in the electroconductive film to divide the film into a higher potential side and a lower potential side. The insulated region has a substantially periodical shape formed of portions projecting to the higher potential side and portions projecting to the lower potential side. Continuous electron-emitting portions are present at at least part of the portion projecting to the higher potential side in one period of the insulated region.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent (EL) image display panel is disclosed which has a light transmissive electrically insulative support, a plurality of parallel laterally spaced light transmissive anode electrodes disposed over a surface of the light transmissive electrically insulative support, a plurality of laterally spaced electrically insulative pedestal strips formed over the anode electrodes, a set of laterally spaced electrically insulative barriers disposed over corresponding pedestal strips, such that portions of each pedestal strip extend laterally beyond each set of barriers, said barriers projecting upwardly over each of the pedestal strips, an organic EL medium overlying each of said anode electrodes, the support, the upper surfaces of corresponding barriers, and extending beyond each of the barriers, and a plurality of parallel laterally spaced cathode electrodes overlying said organic EL medium.

Abstract: A cathode ray tube includes a vacuum envelope having a substantially rectangular panel, a cylindrical neck, and a funnel connecting the panel and the neck. A phosphor screen arranged on the inner surface of the panel generates luminescence upon impingement of electron beams, which are generated by an electron gun assembly disposed in the neck. In order to create a image visible through the panel, a deflection yoke is mounted on the outer surface of the funnel to generate a magnetic field in the funnel, deflect the electron beams, and thereby scan the phosphor screen. According to the present invention, the portion of the funnel over which the deflection yoke is mounted is formed such that the power required to generate a deflection field capable of scanning substantially the entire phosphor screen may be reduced.

Abstract: The formation of leachable mercury upon disposal or during TCLP testing of mercury vapor discharge lamps is substantially prevented by maintaining the amount of elemental iron at a level which is at least about 100 to about 1000 milligrams per kilogram of the total weight of lamp material.

Abstract: In an organic EL element having a cap sealing structure, a cathode is coated with an insulative protecting layer of a fluorine system polymer or an oxide insulative material and an inert medium is filled within the cap sealing structure.

Abstract: A plasma addressed liquid crystal display system (10) includes improved electrode structures (90, 100, 130) that are nonuniform parallel to their surfaces and may also be nonuniform perpendicular to their major surfaces. The nonuniformities include surface nonuniformities (92, 94), bulk nonuniformities (108, 110, 112, 112), and geometric nonuniformities (132, 134). Electrodes having such nonuniformities provide localized sites of preferential and nonpreferential surface and bulk properties of the electrodes, which, in turn, provide improved and locally tailored plasma discharge characteristics. PALC displays having the nonuniform electrodes have improved quality because of reduced firing voltages in one plasma channel region compared to another, reduced sputtering damage, reduced total current between electrodes, decreased discharge initiation time, and decreased ionized gas decay time.

Abstract: To increase heat dissipation from a plasma display panel, a heat sinking unit 2 bonded to a curved back surface 11 of a panel unit includes a large number of fin blocks 21 arranged spaced apart from each other by a prescribed distance and a flexible thin-wall portion 22, and a joining section 221, which consists of fin anchoring portions 212 and thin-wall portions 22, is capable of being bent between the fin blocks 21, thus allowing the heat sinking unit 2 to conform to the curvature of the panel unit back surface 11.

Abstract: A high contrast organic light emitting device (OLED) display utilizing a transparent (TOLED) display structure with a low-reflectance absorber arranged behind the display. The TOLED display allows substantially all light incident on the display to pass through the display and to be absorbed by the low-reflectance absorber With the amount of light reflected by the display thus substantially reduced, the contrast of images displayed by the display is thus improved.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a CRT for improving brightness without changing a conventional electron gun, a light emitting layer, etc.A color cathode ray tube according to the present invention is characterized in that both or one of a panel glass 3 and a safety glass 1 used on a front face of the color cathode ray tube uses glass having characteristics in which spectroscopic transmittance to an electromagnetic wave near 580 to 700 nm in wavelength is relatively higher than spectroscopic transmittances to electromagnetic waves near 430 nm and 530 nm in wavelength.

Abstract: A mercury lamp of the short arc type with a high degree of maintenance of irradiance is achieved in a mercury lamp of the short arc type by the cathode containing thorium oxide and having a tungsten carbide layer on its surface except at tip end area, by at least one of the cathode or anode being provided with metallic tantalum, and by the condition 1.56.ltoreq.VT/SC being satisfied, where SC is the area of the tungsten carbide layer (cm.sup.2) and VT is the volume of the metallic tantalum (mm.sup.3). Alternatively, a high degree of maintenance of irradiance can be achieved in a mercury lamp of the short arc type by the condition 0.043.ltoreq.VT/VW being satisfied, where VW is the volume of the anode (cm.sup.3) and VT is the volume of the tantalum in the lamp bulb (mm.sup.3).

Abstract: To provide a spark plug having an improved consumption resistance and producible through a simple process, a spark plug comprises a noble metal chip composed of an Ir alloy material and disposed on at least one of the tip of the center electrode and the facing portion of the ground electrode, the Ir alloy material is composed of Ir and a metal having a higher oxidation resistance than Ir and forming solid solution with Ir at all proportions to prevent oxidation evaporation of Ir, and the chip is produced by elongating an ingot of the Ir alloy material through hot forging to a bar having a fine fiber texture to prevent surface cracking during elongation, followed by hot rolling, hot wire drawing and cutting to the chip length.

Abstract: A two-part field emission structure, and a method for making such a structure, is described. A substrate is provided having a first conductive layer thereon, a first insulating layer over the first conductive layer, a second conductive layer over the first insulating layer, and an opening formed in the first insulating and second conductive layers. A sacrificial layer is formed over the second conductive layer. A bottom portion of the field emitter structure is formed in the opening, by vertical deposition of a conductive material, whereby a third conductive layer, having a collimated channel over the bottom portion, is formed over the sacrificial layer. The formation of the field emitter structure is completed by vertical deposition of a tip material on to the top of the bottom portion of the field emitter structure, whereby a top conductive layer is formed over the third conductive layer. Lastly, the sacrificial layer, the third conductive layer, and the top conductive layer are removed.

Abstract: A field emission type display device including a container formed of an anode substrate, a cathode substrate and side wall portions, and a cover member mounted at the container to form a getter room. An anode lead is securely fixed on the cover member so as to be derived outward from the outer wall confronting the anode substrate. Two wires are attached to the front end of the anode lead. When the cover member is mounted on the container, the curved portions of the two wires is pressed against the anode terminal formed on the anode substrate extended to the end of the anode substrate to secure electric conduction between the anode terminal and the anode lead. This structure provides easy-to-use anode leads which can be simply derived as electrodes.

Abstract: A transparent thin-film EL display apparatus has a transparent thin-film EL element formed on a glass substrate. A rear substrate consisting of photochromic glass and the glass substrate on which the EL element is formed are disposed facing each other with the EL element located in between. A light-transmitting insulation material is inserted in a space between the two substrates and hermetically sealed. When the display on the EL element becomes hard to see due to light entering from the rear of the display apparatus, the photochromic glass reacts in response to the light and darkens the rear of the EL element, thereby blocking the light.

Abstract: A flat-panel gas discharge display operable with either alternating or direct current includes magnetic elements within certain of the electrodes which define the discharge cell. The display may be free of implosive forces when operated at least at substantially atmospheric pressure. The display comprises a first set of conductors disposed on a transparent substrate and a second set crossing over the first set at a distance therefrom. The second set of conductors includes a magnetic core or layer whereby the second set of conductors is magnetically attracted to an array of contact points on the substrate. An array of crosspoints is formed at each location where a conductor of the second set crosses over a conductor of the first set. A gas is contained in the space between the first and second sets of conductors at each crosspoint. The gas will undergo light emissive discharge when a voltage greater than or equal to the Paschen minimum firing voltage is applied at a crosspoint.

Abstract: A cathode ray tube display comprises a cathode ray tube (10) having a screen (11) connected to a neck portion (12) via a bell portion (13). Cancellation coil means (160,160') are arranged to receive a signal based on a scanning signal for the cathode ray tube and arranged to reduce stray magnetic fields radiating from the display. The cancellation coil means comprises a first cancellation coil (160) and a second cancellation coil (160') located on each of opposite sides of the cathode ray tube. The first cancellation coil (160) are located adjacent the bell portion and the second cancellation coil (160') being located adjacent the neck portion. The first and second cancellation coils each being contained in a plane substantially perpendicular to the screen of the cathode ray tube.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electron tube having a configuration which can maintain its operating stability for a long period of time. The electron tube comprises, at least, a field emitter which is made of diamond or a material mainly composed of diamond and has a surface terminated with hydrogen, and a sealed envelope for accommodating the diamond field emitter. Due to the hydrogen termination, the electron affinity of the diamond field emitter is set to a negative state. Also, hydrogen is enclosed within the sealed envelope. Due to this configuration, the hydrogen-terminated state of the diamond field emitter surface is stabilized, and the electron affinity of the diamond emitter is restrained from changing for a long period of time.

Abstract: Electron gun with band-shaped beams that includes a vacuum chamber extend in a longitudinal direction, a beam window running in the longitudinal direction along the vacuum chamber, and a cathode control-electrode system positioned within the vacuum chamber in the longitudinal direction. The cathode control-electrode system includes at least one substantially straight cathode positioned substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the cathode control-electrode system and the at least one substantially straight cathode has bulges formed at defined distances. The bulges are shaped to produce a substantially homogeneous current density distribution along the at least one substantially straight cathode and support units are located in the cathode control-electrode system to correspond with the bulges. The bulges are removably couplable to the support units.

Abstract: An incandescent microcavity lightsource 30 has an incandescent active region 13 capable of spontaneous light emission when heated. The incandescent microcavity lightsource 30 controls the spontaneous light emissions from said active region 13.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improvement in a CRT (10) having a tension mask (24) and support frame assembly (35). The support frame assembly (35) is rectangular and has two long sides that parallel a central major axis thereof and two short sides that parallel a central minor axis thereof The mask (24) has a substantially cylindrical contour, being curved along the major axis and straight along the minor axis. The frame assembly (35) includes two first members (36, 38; 136, 138) that parallel the major axis and two second members (40, 42), attached to the ends of the first members, that parallel the minor axis. Each of the first members (36, 38; 136, 138) includes a rigid section (50; 150) and a compliant section (52; 152) cantilevered from the rigid section (50; 150). The compliant sections (52; 152) have a distal end (54; 154) and a proximal end (56; 156). The mask (24) is attached to the distal ends (54; 154) of the compliant sections (52; 152).