Abstract: Technology for estimating the density of a material is disclosed. A radiation sensor includes at least two radiation detectors each configured to produce electronic signals having a characteristic time parameter, a pulse-shape discriminator to distinguish amongst the detector signals using the characteristic time parameters, and radiation shielding that is configured to provide different radiation paths to the detectors wherein the different radiation paths include at least some different material. A method includes providing at least two detectors and two radiation paths through a radiation shield, measuring the intensity of radiation at each of the detectors, and combining the measures of intensity to estimate a density of a material found in greater amounts in one radiation path than in the other radiation path.

Abstract: A device for detecting neutrons and gamma rays comprises at least one detector and an acquisition and data-analysis system, connected to the detector; the detector comprises an active part that is formed by a plurality of: scintillator layers, made of a scintillator material, in particular a plastic scintillator; and absorber layers, containing at least one neutron-absorbing material, in particular cadmium or gadolinium; the acquisition and data-analysis system is configured so as to: analyze the signals coming from the detector and calculate the total energy released within the detector following upon an interaction with gamma rays or neutrons; and discriminate between gamma rays and neutrons impinging upon the detector according to whether the energy detected is higher or lower than a pre-set threshold.

Abstract: This patent application discloses the use of specialized optical filters or similarly functional devices to improve the utility of Night Vision Devices (NVD) by placing these specialized filters in the internal optics train of the eyepiece such that the undesirable illumination of the user's face is reduced while at the same time maintaining the peripheral vision of the user and concomitantly reducing the dark adaptation time of the user when transitioning from the NVD to the unaided eye.

Abstract: Disclosed is a circuit for controlling the temperature and the bias voltage of a detector used by an X-ray analytical instrument. The circuit uses a single common reference voltage for the temperature measurement and for all the ADCs and DACs in the circuit, resulting in reduced drift and improved reproducibility of detector temperature and bias voltage. ADCs with a larger number of bits are used to produce precision values of the temperature, the bias voltage, and their respective setpoints. The setpoints are digitally varied until the precision setpoint values correspond to desired values of temperature and bias setpoints.

Abstract: Methods for identifying and quantifying wrinkles in a composite structure by processing infrared image data. The intensity and first and second time derivatives thereof at a particular time can be displayed as thermography line profiles on a graph in which the horizontal axis represents the pixel number across the field of view of an infrared camera. The spatial derivatives of the foregoing thermography line profiles can also be calculated and displayed as a graph. The maximum amplitude (i.e., height) of an out-of-plane wrinkle can be determined using a correlation/calibration curve that is constructed by correlating infrared image data with optical measurement data. In addition, the wavelength and maximum amplitude of an in-plane wrinkle can be measured directly from the thermography line profiles.

Abstract: A counting x-ray detector includes, in a stack arrangement, a converter element for conversion of x-ray radiation into electrical charges and an electrode. The electrode is connected to the converter element electrically-conductively in a planar manner. The electrode is embodied at least partly transparently. The electrode includes the following layers: an electrically-conductive contact layer, an electrically-conductive first intermediate layer, an electrically-conductive high-voltage layer, and an illumination layer.

Abstract: An image sensor may include an array of imaging pixels and an array of color filter elements that covers the array of imaging pixels. The array of imaging pixels may include visible light pixels that are covered by visible light color filter elements and near-infrared light pixels that are covered by near-infrared light color filter elements. The imaging pixels may be arranged in a pattern having a repeating 2×2 unit cell of pixel groups. Each pixel group may include a visible light pixel sub-group and a near-infrared light pixel sub-group. Signals from each pixel group may be processed to determine a representative value for each pixel group that includes both visible light and near-infrared light information.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an infrared (IR) imaging system for determining a concentration of a target species in an object is disclosed. The imaging system can include an optical system including an optical focal plane array (FPA) unit. The optical system can have components defining at least two optical channels thereof, said at least two optical channels being spatially and spectrally different from one another. Each of the at least two optical channels can be positioned to transfer IR radiation incident on the optical system towards the optical FPA. The system can include a processing unit containing a processor that can be configured to acquire multispectral optical data representing said target species from the IR radiation received at the optical FPA. Said optical system and said processing unit can be contained together in a data acquisition and processing module configured to be worn or carried by a person.

Abstract: A device for detecting electromagnetic radiation, including a readout circuit, which is located in a substrate, and an electrical connection pad, which is placed on the substrate, including a metal section that is raised above the substrate and electrically connected to the readout circuit. The detection device furthermore includes a protection wall that extends under the raised metal section so as to define therewith at least one portion of a cavity, and what is called a reinforcing layer section that is located in the cavity and on which the raised metal section rests.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a gas barrier laminated film having high adhesion under a high-temperature working environment.

Abstract: A wave guide face plate for transmitting an image formed in a scintillating material included as part of a transmitting medium is disclosed. The transmitting medium includes a random distribution of different refractive index regions in two orthogonal dimensions, and an essentially consistent refractive index in a third orthogonal dimension. The third orthogonal direction is aligned with a transmission axis of the wave transmitter extending from an input location to a wave detector location. The transmission efficiency of the wave guide faceplate is improved in situations where the entry angle of the input radiation is different from the axis of the wave transmitter as compared to conventional faceplates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a detector (22?) for detecting ionizing radiation, comprising: a directly converting semi-conductor layer (36) for producing charge carriers in response to incident ionizing radiation; and a plurality of electrodes (34) corresponding to pixels for registering the charge carriers and generate a signal corresponding to registered charge carriers; wherein an electrode of the plurality of electrodes (34) is structured to two-dimensionally intertwine with at least two adjacent electrodes to register the charge carriers by said electrode and by at least one adjacent electrode. The present invention further relates to a detection method and to an imaging apparatus.

Abstract: Measuring device for measuring test objects includes a transmitter-receiver unit and a corresponding mirror arrangement. Mirror arrangement has a first mirror forming a first focal point and a second focal point in an x-y plane, and first mirror is, at least sectionally, elliptically curved for deflecting radiation between the focal points. Mirror arrangement includes a second mirror arranged in region of first focal point, second mirror is used for deflecting radiation between a z-direction extending transversely to the x-y plane and between the x-y plane. Test object to be measured is arranged in region of second focal point by a test object holder. Radiation reflected on test object is evaluated by a control unit. Measuring device allows measuring of test object in simple and flexible way, in particular measurement over the entire circumference of test objects in form of plastic pipes having circular cross sections.

Abstract: The invention relates to a UV light sensor produced in a CMOS method, comprising a substrate that has a surface, one or more sensor elements that detect radiation and are designed in said substrate, at least one passivation layer arranged over said substrate surface, and a functional layer that is arranged over said passivation layer and designed in the form of at least one filter. The problem addressed by the invention of providing a UV light sensor which is sensitive exclusively within the UV wavelength range is solved, in terms of arrangement, by means of filters designed directly on a planar passivation layer, and stray light suppressing means around said at least one sensor element and/or around the UV light sensor. In terms of the method, the problem is solved by measuring two output signal from at least two photo diodes fitted with different filters, and by determining a mathematical relationship between the two output signals.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a core for casting a component can include manufacturing a core for at least partially forming an internal passage architecture of a component with a material including radiopaque particles. A method can include removing a material including radio opaque particles from an internal passage architecture of a component; and inspecting the component via radiographic imaging at gamma/X-ray wavelengths to detect residual material. A core for use in casting an internal passage architecture of a component can include a material with radiopaque particles dispersed therein.

Abstract: A Ge-on-Si photodetector constructed without doping or contacting Germanium by metal is described. Despite the simplified fabrication process, the device has responsivity of 1.24 A/W, corresponding to 99.2% quantum efficiency. Dark current is 40 nA at ?4 V reverse bias. 3-dB bandwidth is 30 GHz.

Abstract: A radiation detector and a method of operating the radiation detector. The radiation detector includes: a photoconductive layer between the array substrate and the counter electrode and having a particle-in-binder (PIB) structure in which a photoconductive particle and a binder are mixed; and an optical unit for providing light energy to the photoconductive layer to detrap a charge trapped in an interface between the photoconductive particle and the binder. The light energy includes ultraviolet rays and/or visible rays.

Abstract: An imaging flow cytometry apparatus and method which allows registering multiple locations across a cell, and/or across multiple flow channels, in parallel using radio-frequency-tagged emission (FIRE) coupled with a parallel optical detection scheme toward increasing analysis throughput. An optical source is modulated by multiple RF frequencies to produce an optical interrogation beam having a spatially distributed beat frequency. This beam is directed to one or more focused streams of cells whose responsive fluorescence, in different frequencies, is registered in parallel by an optical detector.

Abstract: A method and system for environmental monitoring of logging-while-drilling (LWD) components. In one embodiment the system includes a formation sensor configured to generate a signal related to a property of a surrounding rock formation, and a first environmental sensor fastened to the formation sensor and configured to generate a signal related to a first environmental condition experienced by the first environmental sensor. The formation sensor and first environmental sensor may be contained in a package of an LWD tool.

Abstract: Hyperspectral imaging sensors that can readily switch between multiple common aperture imagers, and are more compact and lightweight than previous hyperspectral sensor designs.