Abstract: Accordingly, in some embodiments methods for detecting an analyte or analytes in one or more sample(s) are provided. The methods encompass providing a solid support with an addressable marker and an associated ligand, contacting the solid substrate to a sample, thereby forming a contacted solid support, associating the contacted solid support with a FET array and detecting the electrical properties of the FET array and thereby detecting an analyte or analytes in one or more samples. In other embodiments, the sample encompasses a second addressable marker.

Abstract: Methods are provided for determining the presence of a first ligand in a sample. In some embodiments depletion conjugates are used to deplete the ligands different from but related to the first ligands from the sample. In some embodiments, interim binding agents are used to enhance the test signal.

Abstract: A portable assay instrument for rapid detection and quantification of biomarkers is described. The instrument may include components to automate steps of an assay. Assay-specific agitation during an incubation phase in which capture binding agents, detection binding agents, and conjugates are present in sample wells can appreciably increase the speed of the assay and improve assay sensitivity. The instrument may further include an optical detector and processor for automated probing of the sample wells and computation of biomarker concentration.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods, systems, and apparatuses for the free solution measurement of molecular interactions by backscattering interferometry. In one aspect, the invention relates to method and systems for detecting molecular interaction between analytes in free-solution wherein the analytes are label-free and detection is performed by back-scattering interferometry. Also disclosed are label-free, free-solution, and/or real-time measurements of characteristic properties and/or chemical events using the disclosed techniques. The disclosed methods can have very low detection limits and/or very low sample volume requirements. Also disclosed are various biosensor applications of the disclosed techniques. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices are disclosed for studying physical or chemical properties of molecules, and/or interactions between molecules such as protein-ligand interactions. The methods, systems, and devices involve transient induced molecular electronic spectroscopy (TIMES). In some configuration, a microfluidic channel having at least one inlet and at least one outlet is used for holding molecules for analyzing the molecules or interactions between molecules.

Abstract: A detecting method for blood is provided. The method includes the following steps. A sensing device including a base and at least one response electrode is provided, wherein the response electrode is spaced apart from a gate end of the base. Blood including blood cells and targets is disposed on the response electrode. The blood is separated into a first part and a second part, wherein the first part is in contact with the response electrode, and the blood cell count in the first part is less than that in the second part. A voltage is applied on the response electrode, such that an electric field is generated between the response electrode and the gate end of the base, and a detection current generated from the base is measured to detect a characterize of the targets.

Abstract: This invention relates a biomarker detection system, for detecting cancer biomarkers using optical heterodyning. The system includes a tunable laser configured to produce a plurality of laser beams of at least two frequencies, a pair of optical fibers coated with gold nanoparticles and functionalized with an antibody is configured to undergo a change of fiber surface of each optical fiber by adsorbing molecules of an analyte on a surface of the antibody, modify a reflection of the plurality of laser beams inside a fiber core of the each optical fiber when the each optical fiber is bent, and create an audible beat frequency; and perform spectral analysis. A frequency spectrum analyzer configured to provide a composition information of the adsorbed molecules based on a spectral analysis of the beat frequency.

Abstract: The invention relates to carbon nanotube-containing composites as biosensors to detect the presence of target clinical markers, methods of their preparation and uses in the medical field. The invention is particularly suitable for the detection in patient biological specimens of bone markers and tissue markers. The biosensors of the invention include carbon nanotubes deposited on a substrate, gold nanoparticles deposited on the carbon nanotubes and, binder material and biomolecule deposited on the gold-coated carbon nanotubes. The biomolecule is selected to interact with the target clinical markers. The biosensor can be used as an in-situ or an ex-situ device to detect and measure the presence of the target clinical markers.

Abstract: A device for biological material detection includes a substrate; a through-hole through which a biological material to be tested passes, the through-hole being formed in the substrate; a molecule that interacts with the biological material to be tested passing through, the molecule being formed in the through-hole; a first chamber member that forms, with at least the surface including the through-hole on one surface side of the substrate, a first chamber to be filled with electrolyte; and a second chamber member that forms, with at least the surface including the through-hole on the other surface side of the substrate, a second chamber to be filled with electrolyte. The biological material to be tested is identified by the waveform of the ion current (passage time, shape, etc.) when the biological material to be tested passes through the through-hole.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new type of element encoded particles suitable for the attachment of bio molecules to enable massively multiplex bio-analytical methods, and to calibrate and tune the elemental flow cytometer mass spectrometer (FC-MS).

Abstract: Methods, kits, and systems are provided for separating, immobilizing, and/or detecting analytes of one or more samples using dipsticks. A ‘dipstick’ is an object that can be embedded and subsequently removed from a separation medium, and to which analytes can be immobilized while the object is embedded in the separation medium. Examples of separation media include an electrophoresis gel of any format and a stationary phase for column chromatography. Embodiments of the present methods include applying a sample to a separation medium; separating analytes of the sample in the separation medium along a separation axis; immobilizing the analytes on a dipstick embedded in the separation medium; removing the dipstick from the separation medium; and detecting the analytes immobilized on the removed dipstick.

Abstract: Fluidic devices and methods involving incubation and/or mixing of assay components are provided. In some embodiments, a biological and/or chemical assay may be performed in a fluidic device. The fluidic device may be designed to allow for controlled incubation and/or mixing of two or more assay components. In some such embodiments, the fluidic device may comprise an incubation channel having a relatively large cross-sectional dimension in fluid communication with a detection channel. The incubation channel may allow for adequate mixing and/or incubation of two or more assay components prior to analysis of the assay. In some embodiments, fluidic devices for performing a vitamin D assay are provided.

Abstract: An apparatus for pretreatment of a desired sample in a discrete fluid analyzing instrument includes a frame rotatably mounted on or within the discrete fluid analyzing instrument with a column for immobilizing at least one substance or analyte from the sample. The substance or analyte is reversibly immobilized. A first fluid transport line is provided for aspirating the sample into the column and for ejecting the substance or analyte eluted from the column. A pump is provided for pumping the sample through the column with a second fluid transport line connecting the pump to the column. A member is providing to supply the eluted substance or analyte to the discrete fluid analyzing instrument for measurement of at least one property of the substance or analyte. A device is provided for simultaneously or consecutively directing any non-pretreated sample or any subsample directly to the discrete fluid analyzing instrument.

Abstract: A combination of components in a capillary flow channel use capillary forces to passively control the movement of liquid samples within a microfluidic device. To detect a target, a liquid sample introduced to a proximal portion of a capillary channel of a microfluidic device moves by capillary action along the specific components of capillary channel.

Abstract: In an aspect, a sensor includes a combining portion 240 that combines with a second substance 220 having a molecular weight larger than a molecular weight of a first substance 210. Further, in an aspect, the sensor includes a substrate 10 including a surface on which the combining portion 240 is disposed, the combining portion 240 detecting whether or not the first substance 210 is included in an analyte that has come into contact with both an aptamer 230 including a first combining part 231 for the first substance 210 and a second combining part 232 for the second substance 220 and being combined with either of the first substance 210 and the second substance 220 and the second substance 220.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for detecting and/or characterizing molecular interactions between two molecules, in particular two proteins and most particular between an antigen and an antibody by using an immobilized single-stranded nucleic acid molecule to which single-stranded nucleic acid molecules having a ligand attached thereto are hybridized.

Abstract: A method for detecting a presence and/or a concentration of a target substance in a reagent solution using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) includes binding the target substance directly or indirectly to an electrode, and binding a detection agent directly or indirectly to the bound target substance. The method further includes modulating a pH of only a portion of the reagent solution in which the bound target substance and the bound detection agent are located using the electrode, the modulated pH of the portion of the reagent solution causing the bound detection agent to undergo a change, and detecting the change in the bound detection agent. The detected change corresponds to the presence of the target substance in the reagent solution and/or the concentration of the target substance in the reagent solution.

Abstract: An automated method of evaluating a collected fluid sample includes: filling a sample cavity with the collected fluid sample; adding a buffer solution; separating the collected fluid sample into a first portion and a second portion; mixing the second portion with tagged antibodies; removing leftover tagged antibodies; and measuring a difference between the first portion and the second portion. A sample collection and testing device includes: a reference cavity comprising a reference fluid sample; a test cavity comprising a test fluid sample; a reference measurement element associated with the reference cavity; and a test measurement element associated with the test cavity. A method of evaluating a collected fluid sample including: separating the sample; pumping a first portion to a first measurement cavity; adding a solution to a second portion and pumping the mixture to a second measurement cavity; and measuring a charge difference between the first and second measurement cavities.

Abstract: The invention concerns a lateral flow device, system, kit and method for analyzing a fluid sample. The device comprises a support structure, a flow channel formed in the support structure, and an injection zone in fluidic connection with the flow channel for introducing the fluid sample into the flow channel. According to the invention the flow channel comprises at least two indicator zones at least one of which is capable of producing an optically detectable response signal when interacting with the fluid sample, and the indicator zones are arranged at least partly adjacent to each other on different sections of the flow channel. The invention allows for low-cost imaging devices, such as cameras of mobile phones to be used for making challenging lateral flow diagnostics on a variety of fields of technology.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for fabricating field-effect devices and sensor arrays. The field of the invention also pertains to methods of using the sensors individually, in combination, and in array fashion to detect molecules. The present invention also provides for products produced by the methods of the present invention and for apparatuses used to perform the methods of the present invention.