Abstract: Novel membranes comprising various polymers containing heterocyclic nitrogen groups are described. These membranes are usefully employed in electrochemical sensors, such as amperometric biosensors. More particularly, these membranes effectively regulate a flux of analyte to a measurement electrode in an electrochemical sensor, thereby improving the functioning of the electrochemical sensor over a significant range of analyte concentrations. Electrochemical sensors equipped with such membranes are also described.

Abstract: A monitoring device for monitoring the vital signs of an infant is disclosed herein. The monitoring device is preferably comprises an article, an optical sensor, an accelerometer and processor. The optical sensor preferably comprises a photodetector and a plurality of light emitting diodes. A sensor signal from the optical sensor is processed with a filtered accelerometer output signal from the accelerometer to create a filtered vital sign signal used to generate a real-time vital sign for the infant which is preferably sent to a mobile communication device.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for monitoring the flow of blood returning to a patient from an extracorporeal therapy machine, such as a hemodialysis machine or an apheresis machine. Blood returning from such a machine is pumped, typically by a peristaltic pump, which returns the blood in pulsed flow or pulses. This flow can be sensed by Doppler flow sensors or accelerometers as it returns to the patient. If the flow is interrupted by dislodgement of the venous access needle, or by leaking of blood from the needle, these sensors will detect significantly different flow or vibrations. A controller can then cease therapy, alert a caregiver, or sound an alarm.

Abstract: Wireless molecular sensor methods and systems integrate radio frequency (RF) technology to interrogate, power, operate and/or readout signals corresponding to levels of molecules of interest from microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) implanted within the body. Various alternative embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: A flexible multi-modal microelectrode is provided that combines multi-channel fluidic and electrical interfaces for biological and other systems. Methods of making and using same are also disclosed.

Abstract: A biometric monitoring device is used to determine a user's heart rate by using a heartbeat waveform sensor and a motion detecting sensor. In some embodiments, the device collects collecting concurrent output data from the heartbeat waveform sensor and output data from the motion detecting sensor, detects a periodic component of the output data from the motion detecting sensor, and uses the periodic component of the output data from the motion detecting sensor to remove a corresponding periodic component from the output data from the heartbeat waveform sensor. From this result, the device may determine and present the user's heart rate.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide analyte sensors and sensor systems such as amperometric glucose sensors used in the management of diabetes as well as optimized methods for monitoring analytes using such sensors and sensor systems.

Abstract: A calibration system is disclosed for calibrating a first physiological monitoring device using a second physiological monitoring device. The first physiological monitor measures a first indication of a physiological parameter. The second physiological monitor measures a second indication of the physiological parameter. The first and second indications are used to calibrate the first physiological monitoring device.

Abstract: A biometric monitoring device is used to determine a user's heart rate by using a heartbeat waveform sensor and a motion detecting sensor. In some embodiments, the device collects collecting concurrent output data from the heartbeat waveform sensor and output data from the motion detecting sensor, detects a periodic component of the output data from the motion detecting sensor, and uses the periodic component of the output data from the motion detecting sensor to remove a corresponding periodic component from the output data from the heartbeat waveform sensor. From this result, the device may determine and present the user's heart rate.

Abstract: The presence of a cardiac pulse in a patient is determined by evaluating physiological signals in the patient. In one embodiment, a medical device evaluates optical characteristics of light transmitted into a patient to ascertain physiological signals, such as pulsatile changes in general blood volume proximate a light detector module. Using these features, the medical device determines whether a cardiac pulse is present in the patient. The medical device may also be configured to report whether the patient is in a VF, VT, asystole, or PEA condition, in addition to being in a pulseless condition, and prompt different therapies, such as chest compressions, rescue breathing, defibrillation, and PEA-specific electrotherapy, depending on the analysis of the physiological signals. Auto-capture of a cardiac pulse using pacing stimuli is further provided.

Abstract: Systems and methods provide for detecting respiration disturbances and changes in respiration disturbances, preferably by detecting variability in one or more respiration parameters. Respiration rate variability is determined for a variety of diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including disease/disorder detection, diagnosis, treatment, and therapy titration. Systems and methods provide for generating a footprint, such as a two- or three-dimensional histogram, representative of a patient's respiration parameter variability, and generating one or more indices representative of quantitative measurements of the footprint.

Abstract: There is provided herein a breath sampling device comprising a controller adapted to initiate a signal to trigger a valve functionally associated with a breath sampling tube upon said controller receiving a signal indicating a blockage in the breath sampling tube. The valve is adapted to facilitate an increase of pressure within the breath sampling tube between the blockage and a pump functionally associated with the breath sampling tube. There is further provided herein an airway adapter comprising a restrictor located in proximity to a connection point between the airway adapter and a breath sampling tube, wherein the restrictor may be adapted to reduce the flow rate of liquids entering the breath sampling tube.

Abstract: Clothing with an integrated heart rate monitoring device for monitoring the vital signs of a user is disclosed herein. The monitoring device preferably comprises an optical sensor, an accelerometer and processor. The optical sensor preferably comprises a photodetector and a plurality of light emitting diodes. A sensor signal from the optical sensor is processed to generate a real-time vital sign for a user.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to systems and methods for measuring an analyte in a host. More particularly, the present invention relates to systems and methods for transcutaneous measurement of glucose in a host.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for receiving a first signal from a first working electrode of a glucose sensor positioned at a first predetermined position under the skin layer, receiving a second signal from a second working electrode of the glucose sensor positioned at a second predetermined position under the skin layer, the second signal received substantially contemporaneous to receiving the first signal, detecting a dropout in the signal level associated with one of the first or second signals, comparing the first signal and the second signal to determine a variation between the first and second signals, and confirming one of the first or second signals as a valid glucose sensor signal output when the determined variation between the first and the second signals is less than a predetermined threshold level are provided.

Abstract: Generally, embodiments of the invention relate to analyte determining methods and devices (e.g., electrochemical analyte monitoring systems) that have improved uniformity of distribution of one or more components of the sensor by inclusion of a low surface tension polymer leveling agent, where the components are disposed proximate to a working electrode of in vivo and/or in vitro analyte sensors, e.g., continuous and/or automatic in vivo monitoring using analyte sensors and/or test strips. Also provided are systems and methods of using the, for example electrochemical, analyte sensors in analyte monitoring.

Abstract: A device and method for determining intravascular pressure and irregular needle placement in a hemodialysis procedure include analyzing means for automatically deriving venous access pressure (VAP) at a location of venous needle insertion into the patient and determining a ratio of VAP to mean arterial pressure, where the analyzing means determines multiple VAP values over multiple time periods and determines multiple ratios, one for each VAP value. Detecting means compare each ratio to a predetermined standard ratio derived from a moving average of prior VAP ratios, where the detecting means detects irregular needle placement when elevation of the ratio above the standard ratio is indicated.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to systems and methods for measuring an analyte in a host. More particularly, the present invention relates to systems and methods for transcutaneous measurement of glucose in a host.

Abstract: Method and system for determining real time analyte concentration including an analyte sensor having a portion in fluid contact with an interstitial fluid under a skin layer, an on-body electronics including a housing coupled to the analyte sensor and configured for positioning on the skin layer, the on-body electronics housing including a plurality of electrical contacts, on the housing; and a data analysis unit having a data analysis unit housing and a plurality of probes, on the housing. Each of the probes configured to electrically couple to a respective electrical contact when the data analysis unit is positioned in physical contact with the on-body electronics. The one or more signals on the probes correspond to one or more of a substantially real time monitored analyte concentration level (MACL), MACL over a predetermined time period, or a rate of change of the MACL, or combinations thereof, are provided.

Abstract: A body fluid testing device has at least one penetrating member and a penetrating member driver configured to be coupled to the at least one penetrating member. A plurality of analyte sensors are coupled to a spoked disk substrate. Each of a penetrating member can pass between spokes of the disk substrate to provide that a used penetrating member can be removed and a new penetrating inserted without removing the disk. A disposable houses the at least one penetrating member and the plurality of analyte sensors.