Abstract: A synthetic single crystal diamond for wire drawing die; the process of manufacturing it and a wire drawing die to utilize it are disclosed. At least one plane of the diamond for wire drawing die is a cleavage plane of (111) faces, and the drawing hole of wire drawing die lies vertical to the cleavage plane.The diamond for the wire drawing die is produced by providing a synthetic single crystal having 20-400 ppm nitrogen of Ib type diamond. A groove is made on the diamond surface parallel to (111) faces employing energy beams such as a laser beam, an ion beam and an electron beam. A wedge is struck into the groove to cleave the diamond, and a plate is obtained. Furthermore, the plate is divided into polyhedrons, employing either an energy beam or a blade. The cleavage plane of the polyhedron is almost parallel to the (111) faces of crystal, therefore the cleavage plane is used as the standard plane to build the drawing hole.

Abstract: A process for the removal of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and nitrogen oxides in an oxidizing exhaust gas comprising contacting the exhaust gas with a catalyst comprising a crystalline zeolite having the following characteristics:a) a Si/Al atomic ratio between 5 and 100;b) a pore size in the range of from about 0.5 to about 1.3 nm;c) essentially no octahedral aluminum detectable by .sub.27 Al NMR spectroscopy;d) a sodium ion exchange capacity, with regard to total aluminum content, of greater than 75%;e) a copper content in the range of from about 0.5 wt. % to about 12 wt. %; andf) a silver content in the range of from about 0.25 wt. % to about 20 wt. %.

Abstract: Stabilization of a reduced copper catalyst by a) passivating the catalyst by passing a gas stream that is free of reducing gases and which contains 0.05 to 0.5% by volume of oxygen and an amount of carbon dioxide at least twice the amount of oxygen through a bed of the catalyst until the catalyst is passivated, the proportion of oxygen in said gas stream and the temperature at which it is fed to the bed being such that the temperature of the catalyst does not rise to above 100.degree. C. during said passivation step, and then b) increasing the oxygen content of the gas passing through the bed until the oxygen partial pressure corresponds to that of air at atmospheric pressure. The process may be applied to the stabilization of fresh reduced catalysts or to the stabilization of used, e.g. spent catalysts, before discharge thereof from a reactor.

Abstract: A process for simultaneously producing carbon black and hydrogen, wherein ethylene is fed into a reaction system having a temperature of 400.degree. C. or above and a pressure of not less than 5 kg/cm.sup.2 in an inert atmosphere in the presence of a nickel catalyst to decompose ethylene according to the following formula:C.sub.2 H.sub.4 .increment.2C+2H.sub.

Abstract: A two-stage process method for removal of impurities such carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxygen, water, hydrogen, and methane from inert gases at ambient temperature (0.degree.-60.degree. C.). In the first stage the inert gas is contacted with a nickel catalyst, and in the second stage the inert gas is passed over a getter alloy. Purified gas exiting the second stage of the purifier contains less than one part per billion (ppb) levels of the impurities. The nickel catalyst and getter alloy are initially activated at elevated temperature. The catalyst and getter may be reactivated by heating and purging, and hydrogen previously removed from impure gas can be used in the reactivation process.

Abstract: A catalyst for the deep oxidation of organic compounds and carbon monoxide contains 2.7-11.5 mass. % of manganese (with respect to elementary manganese), balance alumina. Manganese stays as non-stoichiometric manganese oxide .beta.-Mn.sub.3 O.sub.4+x, where 0.1.ltoreq..times..ltoreq.0.25, containing 80-95% of all manganese atoms, and as manganese aluminate containing 20-5% of manganese atoms. Alumina in the active component is presented by the high temperature forms .alpha.-Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 (72-95 catalyst mass. %) and (.delta.+.theta.)-Al.sub.3 O.sub.3 (28-05 catalyst mass. %). The catalyst active component has a monolith defect structure, particles size being 50-70 .ANG.. Catalyst phase composition and structure form during its thermal treatment at 900.degree.-1000.degree. C.

Abstract: A method for producing a catalytic converter including a honeycomb body having flow channels with catalytically active surfaces, includes at least partially cleaning foreign materials from a honeycomb body of a catalytic converter that has been in service. Catalytically active surfaces of the catalytic converter are restored through application of a catalytically active surface coating.

Abstract: A NO.sub.x abatement composition comprises a NO.sub.x abatement catalyst and a NO.sub.x sorbent material which are dispersed in proximity to, but segregated from, each other on a common refractory carrier member (10). The NO.sub.x sorbent material comprises a basic oxygenated metal compound and optionally further comprises ceria. The NO.sub.x abatement catalyst contains a catalytic metal component including a platinum metal catalytic component. The catalytic metal component is segregated from the NO.sub.x sorbent material, which may be one or more of metal oxides, metal carbonates, metal hydroxides and mixed metal oxides. At least the catalytic metal component and the NO.sub.x sorbent material must be on, or comprise separate, particles; the particles may either be admixed or may be disposed in separate layers (20a, 20b) on the carrier member (10). A NO.sub.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides contained in exhaust gases from combustion, which process comprises bringing said exhaust gases into contact with a Beta Zeolite exchanged with suitable amounts of cobalt salts, in the presence of a light hydrocarbon as the reducing agent. The present invention relates also to a catalyst for such a process, which catalyst comprises a Beta zeolite exchanged with cobalt salts, characterized by a Co: zeolite AL molar ratio of<0.5.

Abstract: A process is described for activation of layered silicates having an ion exchange capacity (IEC) of at least 25 meq/g by treating them with an acid, characterized in that the layered silicate is activated with about 1 to 10% by weight (based on the dry layered silicate) of an acid at a temperature of not more than 80.degree. C. and the activated layered silicate is calcined at temperatures of about 200.degree. to 400.degree. C. and comminuted desired.

Abstract: According to the invention, apparatus for processing and exploiting previously ground-up waste (1) that has had any ferrous metal content cleared therefrom and that has a water content lying in a given range, comprises a reaction chamber (21) enabling mineralizing agents to be added and to react therewith, the agents including at least an alkaline-earth hydroxide such as quicklime and an alkaline-earth salt such as calcium carbonate, reaction taking place at a temperature greater than 130.degree. C. and less than the pyrolysis temperature of the components of the waste that are most sensitive to being decomposed by heat.

Abstract: In the production of a catalyst containing a catalytically active Mo--V--O phase, the problem exists of keeping the Mo--V--O phase and/or an Mo--V--Ti--O phase substantially free of other catalytically active impurities in order not to catalyze competing reactions at the same time. For this purpose, the invention provides that vanadium oxide and molybdenum oxide are mixed in a ratio of 0.7 to 1% by weight based on V.sub.2 O.sub.5 and MoO.sub.3, the mixture is heated to a temperature above 500.degree. C., the Mo--V--O phase is cooled, ground and then subjected to a reducing treatment, and dispersed on a heated oxidic support, the dispersed material is then ground, and then applied to a suitable macroscopic support, optionally with further additives, and calcined.

Abstract: A method for regenerating a nickel-based catalytic adsorbent without using hydrogen in each cycle. Depending upon the configuration of the adsorbent bed, one or more interim regenerations, comprising the steps of heating the bed, flowing ultra-high purity nitrogen without hydrogen through the bed to remove adsorbed species, followed by cooling the bed, can be used to prepare the adsorbent bed for removal of unwanted species contained in cyrogenically produced nitrogen in order to make UHP nitrogen.

Abstract: Extruded pellets comprising a majority of activated carbon particles and an inorganic binder are disclosed to provide improved performance when processed through tumbling equipment while the pellets are in their "green" state (i.e., pellets which are fresh off the extruder and contain activated carbon), binder material, and water and have not been subjected to any thermal processing (drying or calcining). The tumbling action both smooths and densifies (i.e., reduces interparticle voids within) the pellet, thereby closing any cracks and greatly improving appearance. Improved performance results from an ability to increase the weight of carbon pellets which can be packed into a fixed volume and thereby increase the volumetric working capacity of the bed for adsorbing/desorbing vapors. Another benefit is to greatly reduce the levels of dust associated with the carbon, both the initial dust and the dust attrition.

Abstract: A method of regulating the concentration of onium in a liquid onium poly(hydrogen fluoride) composition utilized in a hydrogen fluoride catalyzed alkylation reaction for a given level of total airborne hydrogen fluoride is disclosed. Also disclosed is a method of regulating the concentration of onium in the liquid onium poly(hydrogen fluoride) composition for a given level of RON. In one embodiment, the liquid onium poly(hydrogen fluoride composition is a mixture including pyridine and anhydrous hydrogen fluoride so as to give a pyridine poly(hydrogen fluoride) composition that is useful as a catalyst in the hydrogen fluoride catalyzed alkylation reaction.

Abstract: A novel catalyst and the use thereof in a reforming process is disclosed. The dual-function catalyst comprises a refractory inorganic oxide, indium, Group IVA(IUPAC 14) metal, and a platinum-group metal concentrated in the surface layer of each catalyst particle. Utilization of this catalyst in the conversion of hydrocarbons, especially in reforming, results in significantly improved selectivity to the desired gasoline or aromatics product.

Abstract: A neutral templating route to mesoporous molecular sieves based on H-bonding and self-assembly between neutral primary amine or diamine surfactants (S.degree.) and neutral inorganic precursors (I.degree.) has been used to prepare hexagonal and lamellar mesoporous silicas with site isolated transition metal centers. This templating approach allows for the preparation of hexagonal or hexagonal-like mesoporous oxidation catalysts with large framework wall thickness of at least about 17 .ANG., small elementary particle size (.ltoreq.400 .ANG.), and unique combinations of framework-confined mesopores and textural mesopores while at the same time providing for facile recovery of the neutral template by simple solvent extraction. The templating of neutral metallosilicate precursors (I.degree.) with neutral diamine surfactants (S.degree.-S.degree.

Abstract: A process for reducing the level of nitrogen oxides (NO.sub.x) in a fossil fuel (e.g. coal) combustion flue gas has a selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) treatment stage followed by a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) treatment stage. The level of NO.sub.x produced by a power plant, particularly a coal fired power plant, varies depending upon the plant load. A set predetermined non-zero amount of first nitrogenous treatment agent is constantly introduced for the SNCR stage during all periods of plant operation. Additional first nitrogenous treatment agent is introduced for the SNCR stage only during periods of relatively higher NO.sub.x production, such as during peak load periods. A second nitrogenous treatment agent is added for the SCR stage up to the maximum SCR NO.sub.x reducing capability of the SCR stage based upon the total amount of NO.sub.x present in the flue gas, subject to limitations on the amount of allowable ammonia slip exiting the plant. Once the total amount of NO.sub.

Abstract: A process for preparing phosphorus-doped silver catalysts from silver contaminated with phosphorus compounds, which comprisesa) heating the silver which is contaminated with phosphorus compounds to temperatures at which the silver is liquid and subsequently cooling to temperatures below the melting point,b) preparing silver crystals from the silver obtained in stage a) by anodically oxidizing it to silver ions in an electrolysis cell with an aqueous electrolyte, and cathodically reducing the silver ions again to elemental silver, andc) contacting the silver crystals with a finely divided phosphorus compound with a melting point or decomposition temperature above 500.degree. C. (phosphorus compound P).

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the regeneration of a used hydrocarbon treatment catalyst, preferably a reforming catalyst, containing at least one precious metal preferably platinum, optionally at least one additional metal selected from the group formed by metals from groups 7, 8, 9, 10, 13 and 14 of the periodic classification of the elements and copper, optionally and preferably at least one halogen, preferably chlorine, and at least one porous support, preferably alumina, said process comprising at least one of the following two successive steps: at least one step (1) for the combustion of the coke present on said catalyst, carried out in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas, at a temperature in the range of 300.degree. C. to 680.degree. C. for a time in the range 0.3 to 7 hours, at least one step (2) for oxyhalogenation, preferably oxychlorination, carried out in a controlled air atmosphere, at a temperature in the range 350.degree. C. to 550.degree. C., for a time in the range 0.