Abstract: Aspects of this disclosure enhance elimination problems that freezing sulfur creates with gas-liquid parallel plate separators by integrally heating the parallel plate gas-liquid separator assembly. Through integral heating the duration of time that the separator apparatus remains above the freezing temperature of elemental sulfur is prolonged, thereby, allowing the opportunity for residual liquid sulfur to drain from the parallel plate assembly during upsets in unit operations and after a sulfur recovery unit shutdown event, thereby reducing or eliminating the operation and maintenance problems that may occur with existing separator designs.

Abstract: A method for producing 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropene and/or 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropene using a single set of four unit operations, the unit operations being (1) hydrogenation of a starting material comprising hexafluoropropene and optionally recycled 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropene; (2) separation of the desired intermediate hydrofluoroalkane, such as 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane and/or 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane; (3) dehydrofluorination of the intermediate hydrofluoroalkane to produce the desired 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropene and/or 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropene, followed by another separation to isolate the desired product and, optionally, recycle of the 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropene.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of the present invention, a gas-liquid circulating type gas hydrate reactor, includes: a reactor body configured to be supplied with gas and water to generate a gas hydrate; and a bubble generator configured to be disposed around a lower portion of the reactor body, wherein the gas supplied from the lower portion of the reactor body is jetted into the reactor body through the bubble generator. The gas-liquid circulating type gas hydrate reactor in accordance with the present invention makes it possible to jet gas at a high speed by using the bubble generator disposed at the low portion of the reactor body so as to promote the reaction of water and gas which are accommodated in the reactor body while forming a water stream at the lower portion of the reactor body that enables a smooth agitation of the water and the gas.

Abstract: A continuous reaction micro-reactor of modular structure comprises, arranged along a back-to-front stacking axis thereof, a first frame means, a reaction unit, and a second frame means, wherein said reaction unit comprises a process fluid channel system for continuous reaction of a plurality of feeds or reactants flowing into said reaction unit to form at least one product flowing out of said reaction unit, and a heat exchange fluid channel system for adjusting the temperature environment of said process fluid channel system, said first and second frame means are each formed as a flange, and said first and second frame means are alpressed towards each other by a plurality of tensioning means arranged along and within an outer circumference of said first and second frame means and enclosing said reaction unit.

Abstract: The present embodiments provide a system and method for separation within a polymer production process. Specifically, a flashline heater configured according to present embodiments may provide more time than is required for complete vaporization of liquid hydrocarbons that are not entrained within a polymer fluff produced within a polymerization reactor. Such extra time may allow for liquid hydrocarbons that are entrained within the polymer fluff to be vaporized.

Abstract: A valve system for a vessel has a valve body, and a valve stem extending through the valve body and terminating in a plug for axial movement between open and closed position as the stem moves through the valve body. There is at least one probe passageway through the valve stem, at least one of which has a circumferential seal for engaging a probe inserted in the passageway and being exposed in a vessel. The circumferential seal seals the inside of a vessel from atmosphere while allowing a probe to be inserted and removed by moving axially in the passageway. This avoids need to remove the valve system to insert or remove a probe, and indeed a single expensive probe is used at different times with different valve systems. When no exposed probe is required, the seal may be completed by simply inserting a dummy probe in the passageway.

Abstract: A mixing reactor for heterogeneous fluids includes a first inlet part for introducing a first fluid, a first nozzle to eject the first fluid, a fluid chamber having a first space portion and a second space portion having a larger inner diameter than that of the first space portion, a second inlet part for introducing a second fluid, a second nozzle to eject the second fluid, a mixing chamber, and a third nozzle part to eject the second fluid. In the mixing reactor for heterogeneous fluids, two or more fluids are effectively collided with each other to enhance mixing uniformity, reduce side reactions, and thus improve reaction yield and reaction rate, and allow for simple maintenance and reuse.

Abstract: A reactor is used for degumming vegetable oil to increase yield and reduce phosphatides. The reactor includes an annular obstruction with multiple circumferential spacers that form ring gaps around a center body having a tapered surface. The circumferential spacers and ring gaps form decompression stages for explosively mixing the oil with degumming agents. Impurities are transferred to the degumming agents and further separation of the components can be carried out to produce a refined oil product.

Abstract: A system and method for the production of oxidized olefins. The system includes two or more reactors having a number of reaction tubes. A catalyst for catalytic oxidation of olefins is on a first side of the number of reaction tubes. A common supply line supplies a mixture comprising olefins and oxygen to the catalyst. Product outlet streams from each reactor are joined to a single product stream. Coolant fluid passing through the reactors flows into a single coolant drum. The single coolant drum supplies the coolant fluid at a common temperature to a number of coolant fluid inlet streams of each reactor.

Abstract: A system and method is disclosed for efficiently sulfiding metal catalyst resident in a reactor vessel comprises a sulfiding module and a hydrogen sulfide detection module and a remote computer all arranged and configured to communicate wirelessly and to allow remote control and monitoring of the modules and sulfiding process.

Abstract: Apparatuses and processes are provided for stripping gaseous hydrocarbons from particulate material. One process comprises the step of contacting particles that contain hydrocarbons with a stripping vapor in countercurrent flow to remove at least a portion of the hydrocarbons with the stripping vapor to form stripped particles. Contacting the particles includes advancing the particles down a sloping element of a structured packing toward a reinforcing rod that is disposed adjacent to a lower section of the sloping element. The particles are advanced down through an opening formed in the sloping element proximate the reinforcing rod. The particles are contacted with the stripping vapor that is rising up through the opening.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a cooling system for removing heat from a Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) slurry reactor. The cooling system including a downcomer disposed within the F-T reactor to deliver a coolant downward through the F-T reactor at a predetermined velocity. The downcomer and the pressure of the introduced coolant cooperate to increase the coolant velocity, thereby maintaining the coolant in the substantially liquid phase in the downcomer. The cooling system further includes a plenum connected to the downcomer, wherein the coolant remains in the substantially liquid phase. Additionally, the cooling system includes at least one riser extending upward from the plenum, wherein a portion of the coolant vaporizes to provide a boiling heat transfer surface on the at least one riser.

Abstract: A process and apparatus are presented for the conversion of light paraffins to heavier liquid fuels or distillate. The process and apparatus includes conversion of a paraffin stream to an olefinic stream. The olefinic stream is passed through a reactor zone to convert the olefins to heavier hydrocarbons, including branched paraffins and branched olefins. The process includes recycling a portion of the product to the reactors for controlling the heat and reaction rate of the dimerization or oligomerization process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for reforming a hydrocarbon using a micro-channel heater, which can utilize the combustion heat of a fuel as an energy source needed for reforming a hydrocarbon. A plurality of thin metal plates having micro-channels may be laminated in a multilayered structure so as to manufacture a small to medium compact hydrogen-producing apparatus. In particular, a reforming unit may be designed to have a multilayered structure so as to improve the capacity of a reformer up to a level desired by a user.

Abstract: A microreactor device (100) comprises a microcircuit (110) defining a reaction microchamber (112) containing a liquid and reaction medium (114), in which a chemical reaction takes place generating the gas (116), and is characterized in that the device (100) is disposed substantially vertically or inclined, defining an upper part (120) and a lower part (130) of the microchamber, and in that means (150) are provided in the upper part (120) of the said microcircuit for the in situ collection and removal of the gas formed during the reaction.

Abstract: We provide an alkylation process, comprising: separating and recycling a hydrogen gas and a hydrogen chloride from an offgas of a hydrogenation reactor; wherein the hydrogen gas is recycled to the hydrogenation reactor; and wherein the hydrogen chloride is recycled to an alkylation reactor. We also provide an alkylation process unit for performing this process.

Abstract: Transition support rings for joining tubular segments of different inner cross-sectional dimensions to make segmented liners for use in a fluidized bed reactor (FBR) for making polysilicon-coated granulate material are disclosed. Segmented liners comprising the transition support rings and fluidized bed reactors including segmented liners are also disclosed.

Abstract: An activated carbon manufacturing system can efficiently heat a wood material or carbide to promote a drying process, a carbonization process and an activation process in manufacturing activated carbon, and can reduce the environmental load involved in the manufacture of activated carbon. Specifically, a drying process of a wood material is achieved by heating the wood material with saturated steam at an appropriate temperature, and an initial carbonization process of the wood material is achieved by heating the wood material with superheated steam. Therefore, the wood material can be heated with high heat transfer efficiency, so that the heat loss can be reduced, and neither a drying device nor a first carbonizing device produces a gas containing a harmful constituent in the heating processes, so that the adverse effect on the environment can be reduced.

Abstract: A CO shift reaction apparatus 11 according to the present invention includes: adiabatic reactors 31A to 31C, each having CO shift catalyst layers 35A to 35C filled with a CO shift catalyst 34 which reforms CO in gasification gas 15; gas supply lines l11 to l15 which supply the gasification gas 15 to the adiabatic reactors 31A to 31C; first gas flow rate control units 32A and 32B which adjust the amounts of gas supplied to the adiabatic reactors 31A to 31C; gas discharge lines l21 to l25 which discharge processing gas; and second gas flow rate control unit 33A and 33B which adjust flow rates of processing gas 38A-1, 38A-2, 38B-1, and 38B-2.

Abstract: A rotary machine type shock wave reactor suitable for thermal cracking of hydrocarbon-containing materials includes a casing, a rotor whose periphery contains an axial-flow blade cascade, and a directing rim, provided with at least two stationary vane cascades, adjoining an axial-flow rotor cascade, wherein the casing substantially encloses the periphery of the rotor and the directing rim. The cascades are configured to direct feedstock containing process stream to repeatedly pass the cascades in a helical trajectory while propagating within the duct between the inlet and exit and to generate stationary shock-waves to heat the feedstock. The axial-flow rotor cascade is configured to provide kinetic energy and add velocity to feedstock containing process stream, and the stationary vanes located downstream the rotor cascade are configured to reduce the velocity of the stream and convert kinetic energy into heat. The reactor may also process carbohydrate-and glyceride-based feedstock, and gaseous biomass matter.