Abstract: A longitudinal bias layer is laminated above a free magnetic layer with a nonmagnetic layer provided therebetween so that the magnetization direction of the free magnetic layer is oriented by RKKY interaction with the longitudinal bias layer. The RKKY interaction exerts only between the longitudinal bias layer and the regions of the free magnetic layer which are located directly below both ends D of the longitudinal bias layer. Therefore, a thin film magnetic element can be provided, in which the width dimension of a recess formed in the longitudinal bias layer coincides with the magnetic track width.

Abstract: A double layer perpendicular magnetic recording medium having a high medium S/N ratio at a recording density of 50 Gb/in2 or higher and a magnetic storage apparatus with a lower error rate and excellent reliability are obtained with a structure having soft magnetic underlayer 12, an intermediate layer 13 and a perpendicular magnetic recording layer 14 are sequentially formed on a substrate 11. The, intermediate layer 13 is made to be a non-magnetic amorphous alloy, in which Ni is a main component and Zr is contained, and the soft magnetic underlayer 12 is constituted of ferromagnetic nano-crystals precipitated by annealing.

Abstract: A low resistance magnetic tunnel junction device, such as a memory cell in a nonvolatile magnetic random access memory (MRAM) array or a magnetoresistive read head in a magnetic recording disk drive, has a titanium oxynitride (TiOxNy) layer as the single-layer tunnel barrier or as one of the layers in a bilayer tunnel barrier. In a bilayer barrier the other barrier layer is an oxide or nitride of Al, Si, Mg, Ta, [[Si]] and Y, such as Al2O3, AlN, Si3N4, MgO, Ta2O5, TiO2, or Y2O3. The Ti barrier material can be alloyed with other known metals, such as Al and Mg, to produce barriers with TiAlOxNy and TiMgOxNy compositions.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium on glass or Al substrates with a film structure of Cr—X or (Cr—X)Ox seedlayer/underlayer/magnetic layer/carbon overcoat, in which the solid solubility of X is at least 3 atomic percent in Cr, the heat of oxide formation of X is less than that of Cr or a lattice tuning capability of X is at least 2% that of Cr and a manufacturing process thereof are disclosed.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium including a substrate and formed on the substrate a maghemite thin film having a surface roughness represented by a center line mean roughness Ra of 0.1 to 1.0 nm, and a coercive force squareness S* value of not less than 0.50. This magnetic recording medium exhibits excellent magnetic properties, especially, coercive force squareness S* value and a more enhanced surface smoothness.

Abstract: An infrared camouflaging system comprises a thermorefractive layer system or a thermorefractive material, whose thermal emissivity has a negative temperature coefficient.

Abstract: A fundamentally new magnetic tunnel junction technology based on the use of magnetic nanoparticles is disclosed. The hard layer of the device is composed of the nanoparticles, while the junction insulating barrier is composed of a carbon-based coating on the nanoparticles. This device offers a markedly different approach of tunnel junction fabrication and offers many advantages over the prior art technology, which is based on the use of oxidized aluminum as the insulating barrier.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a resin film laminated metal sheet for can, in which both faces of the metal sheet have resin film laminated layers, and a surface free energy &ggr;s of a face of the resin film is 10 dyn/cm or more to less than 30 dyn/cm, the face becoming an inside of can after can-making and being contacted with stuffed food contents. As the resin film, applicable is a polypropylene film or a propylene ethylene based random copolymer film of polypropylene being a main component. Further, a resin film of polyester being a main component and containing a wax component of 0.1 to 2.0% is used in a resin film to be an inside of can after can-making. The resin film laminated metal sheet for can according to the invention has excellent formability and adhesion while can-making and superior taking-out property of stuffed food contents.

Abstract: A polyester film containing 0.1 to 2.0% by weight of a wax compound formed from an aliphatic carboxylic acid and an aliphatic alcohol or a constituent of the wax compound, and having thereon large protuberances having a maximum diameter of not smaller than 2 &mgr;m at a density of 20 protuberances/mm2.

Abstract: The laminate of the invention comprises a sliding member of a resin composition and a Substrate layer of a thermoplastic olefin elastomer (A), and is obtained by co-extruding: the resin composition which is obtained by melt kneading a thermoplastic olefin elastomer (A), an ultra-high-molecular weight polyolefin (except a powder thereof having a particle diameter of 1 to 100 &mgr;m) having an intrinsic viscosity, as measured in a decalin solvent at 135° C., of 1 to 40 dl/g, an inorganic or organic filler powder, and optionally, a polyolefin resin, an organopolysiloxane, a fatty acid amide and a fluororubber in a twin-screw extruder, and the thermoplastic olefin elastomer (A). The laminate has excellent sliding properties with window glass and excellent abrasion resistance. Moreover, the laminate can be produced by a simple process because it requires no adhesive, and the laminate has great bonding strength between the substrate layer and the sliding member layer.

Abstract: A perpendicular magnetic recording media with a patterned soft magnetic underlayer is disclosed. The recording media may be a disk including a substrate, a patterned underlayer, and a magnetically hard recording layer. The underlayer may be provided in the form of concentric bands having widths less than the track widths of the recording layer. The patterned underlayer reduces or eliminates adjacent track interference.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium comprising a substrate 1, an inorganic compound layer 2 which works as a shielding layer, a magnetic layer 3 and a protective layer 4 which are laminated on said substrate; wherein said inorganic compound layer 2 comprises column-like crystal particles 6 and amorphous grain boundary phases isolating said particles 6, wherein said magnetic layer 3 has magnetic particles 14 arranged regularly and epitaxially grows on said inorganic compound layer 2, and wherein the grain sizes and the standard grain size deviation of magnetic particles 14 of said magnetic layer 3 reflect those of said inorganic compound layer 2.

Abstract: A magnetic storage medium includes a magnetic layer of a Co alloy of a system Co—Cr—Pt—B—Cu, wherein the magnetic layer has a thickness t and a remnant magnetic flux density Br satisfying a relationship (t×Br) 2.0 nT·m≦(t×Br)≦7.0 nT·m, wherein the Co alloy contains, in addition to Co, Cr with a concentration &bgr; of 20-26 at % (20 at %≦&bgr;≦26 at %), Pt with a concentration &ggr; of 6-20 at % (6 at %≦&ggr;≦20 at %), B with a concentration &dgr; of 1-7 at % (1 at %≦&dgr;≦7 at %), and Cu with a concentration &egr; of 2-7 at % (2 at %≦&egr;≦7 at %).

Abstract: The invention relates to an imaging member comprising a substrate and an image layer comprising smectite clay particles intercalated with polyvinyl pyrrolidone and dispersed in polyethylene oxide.

Abstract: There is disclosed a resin-coated metal sheet for a part of electronic machinery and tools, which is a metal sheet coated with a resin on the surface, wherein a resin layer is composed of one or more resin selected from polyester-series, epoxy-series, phenol-series and alkyd-series resins, the resin layer has a 0.1 to 10 &mgr;m thickness, and the resin layer contains 2 to 60 parts by weight of nickel with 0.1 to 100 &mgr;m of an average value in terms of maximum longer diameters, to 100 parts by weight of the resin. The resin-coated aluminum sheet is excellent in anti-fingerprint property and formability, as well as excellent in electric characteristics.

Abstract: An optically active film composite including a polymeric film substrate coated with a layer of resin having a thickness of less than 6 microns and a pencil hardness of at least 2H, and which includes 30-60% by weight of nanoparticles of ATO or ITO, and nanoparticles of a second metallic compound being an inorganic compound and absorbing light having a wavelength in the range of 700-1100 nm. The composite preferably has a VLT of at least 50% and a %TSER of at least 35% with a weighted UV absorption of less than 1%.

Abstract: An article including a panel-like structure mountable in an automobile vehicle to form a part of the interior thereof, and a process for making the same are disclosed. According to this process, an outer layer defining at least a portion of the exposed exterior surface of the structure is prepared by applying a water-dispersed composition containing a thermoplastic polyurethane and a heat-activated crosslinking agent onto a mold surface and thereafter drying the composition. Next, a composition comprising (i) a poly(vinyl chloride) resin and at least one plasticizer and/or (ii) a thermoplastic polyurethane resin material is gelled onto an inner surface of the outer layer while on the outer layer is retained on the mold surface. The gelled composition is then fused to form an inner layer interfacially chemically bonded to the outer layer. The inner layer with the outer layer chemically bonded thereto is united with the rigid substrate so that the rigid substrate serves to reinforce the outer layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to perpendicular magnetic recording media using a ferromagnetic film provided with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy for a recording layer and a magnetic recording apparatus using the media, and the object is to provide the perpendicular magnetic recording media which are excellent in signal to noise ratio (S/N) in a large recording density region, which are stable against thermal fluctuation and which can be easily manufactured, and the magnetic recording apparatus using the media.

Abstract: The present invention has a main object to provide a transparent conductive heat sealing material of which antistatic property does not deteriorates even at a low humidity, and has a transparency to an extent of permitting visual recognition of the contents and a carrier tape lid using the same. To achieve this object, the transparent conductive heat sealing material of the invention is characterized by a heat-sealable synthetic resin, and conductive fine particle having a 50% particle size of up to 1.0 &mgr;m.

Abstract: Nickel powder comprises, on the basis of the total number of particles, not less than 10% of particles whose particle size is not less than 1.2 time the average particle size, as determined by the SEM observation; and not less than 10% of particles whose particle size is not more than 0.8 time the average particle size, as determined by the SEM observation. The nickel powder can be prepared by, for instance, precipitating nickel particles from an aqueous solution containing a nickel salt and a hydrazine reducing agent, without forming any hydroxide of nickel as an intermediate. A conductive paste containing the nickel powder can be applied onto the positions on which an internal or external electrode for electronic parts and then baking the coated paste to give an electrode.