Abstract: The invention relates to a unit for simulating the pressure and temperature conditions of an air flow drawn in by a reciprocating internal combustion engine (1) at a height above sea level, corresponding to the operating height of said reciprocating internal combustion engine (1). According to the invention, the unit comprises at least: (a) a radial inward-flow turbine (2) for expanding an air flow towards the pressure and temperature of the air drawn in by the reciprocating internal combustion engine; (b) a first container (4) and (c) a second container (5) connected to the first container (4) by means of at least a connection pipe (7) in order to balance the pressure between the two containers; (d) a centrifugal compressor (3); and (e) a vacuum pump (6) for maintaining a pressure equal to the pressure of the air flow drawn in by the reciprocating internal combustion engine (1).

Abstract: A piston cooling jet includes a housing, a nozzle, a valve, a pressure chamber, a pressure adjusting passage, and a filter. The nozzle is provided to project outward from the housing, and capable of spraying oil toward a piston. The valve is capable of moving reciprocally inside the housing, and configured to receive a load due to a hydraulic pressure in an engine-side oil passage applied from a front side of the valve. The valve includes a valve-side oil passage that communicates with the engine-side oil passage. The pressure chamber communicates with the valve-side oil passage. The pressure adjusting passage is disposed between the pressure chamber and a space outside the housing. The filter is disposed in the valve, and configured to remove foreign matter that cannot pass through the pressure adjusting passage from oil passing through the valve-side oil passage.

Abstract: The present invention provides a piston for a spark-ignition engine, comprising: a land part 18, an upper surface part of which has a crown part 26 forming a combustion chamber; a pair of skirt parts 20 extending downward from a peripheral part of the land part 18 and facing each other in a radial direction thereof; a pair of sidewall parts 19 coupling side end parts of the pair of skirt parts 20 to each other; and a pin boss part 21 that is formed in each of the sidewall parts 19. The present invention can inhibit the generation of HC produced at the time of combustion, while thermally protecting a top ring 30 fitted into a top ring groove 24a on an outer circumferential surface of the land part 18. The crown part 26 is configured by a flat base surface 27 and a bulging part 15 bulging upward above the base surface 27, and a thinned part 40 provided in the land part 18 is formed deep such that the deepest part thereof is positioned inside the bulging part 15.

Abstract: While enlargement of cover members attached to an engine body is avoided, the flexibility of the shapes of the cover members is increased and it is made possible to lead to a predetermined position drainage discharged from a cooling water pump attached to the external surface of a lateral wall of the engine body. A drainage discharge hole for discharging drainage is provided in a lower portion of a pump case. An engine side rib leads downward drainage discharged from the drainage discharge hole is integrally provided on an engine body forming part of the engine body so as to project from an external surface of a lateral surface thereof.

Abstract: A six-stroke engine includes a cylinder, a piston, a cylinder head, a combustion chamber, cylinder injector, a spark plug, an intake port, an exhaust port, an intake valve, an exhaust valve, a valve gear, and a control device. The valve gear operates the intake valve and the exhaust valve to execute six strokes including an intake stroke, a compression stroke without ignition, an expansion stroke without combustion, a compression stroke with ignition, an expansion stroke with combustion, and an exhaust stroke in this order. The control device is programmed to cause the cylinder injector to inject fuel and to energize the spark plug in the compression stroke with ignition.

Abstract: A piston assembly includes a piston having a crown with an upper combustion surface with a cylindrical outer surface extending downwardly from the upper combustion surface. A pair of pin bosses depends from the crown to a pair of pin bores having generally cylindrical bearing surfaces aligned along a pin bore axis with a top wall portion extending between the pin bosses. The top wall portion has a concave bearing surface forming a continuous concave bearing surface with the pin bores. A separate skirt is fixed to the piston against relative movement. At least one rib extends upwardly from the top wall portion of the piston on opposite sides of the pin bore axis to a lower wall surface of the crown. The at least one rib joins the crown to the top wall portion to provide structural support to the top wall portion against unwanted deflection.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes, but is not limited to an engine block, a crankshaft associated to the engine block, a cylinder head fixed on top of the engine block so as to define an assembly axis of the internal combustion engine, a camshaft, and a housing for a timing device connecting the crankshaft to the camshaft, the housing having a frontal opening which is laterally delimited by two opposite sidewalls belonging to the engine block and two opposite sidewalls belonging to the cylinder head, the frontal opening being closed with a first cover fixed to the sidewalls of the engine block, and with a second cover fixed to the sidewalls of the cylinder head.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a cylinder crankcase and a cylinder head that includes an integrated exhaust manifold, wherein the cylinder crankcase, the cylinder head and the integrated exhaust manifold have a continuous water jacket that forms part of a coolant circuit of the internal combustion engine. To ensure during shut-down cooling and/or warm-up cooling of the exhaust manifold that a majority of the coolant that is fed into the water jacket reaches the exhaust manifold, while only a small portion of the coolant flows around the cylinder through the cylinder crankcase, the coolant circuit includes a collector that communicates via passage openings having reduced opening cross-sections with the water jacket, and coolant channels arranged in extension of a flow direction through the passage-openings lead to the exhaust manifold, while coolant channels branching off laterally behind the passage-openings lead to the cylinder crankcase.

Abstract: Internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder housing component (1) displaying a first series of cylinders (2) and a second series of cylinders (3), some pistons (6,8), two lines of crankshafts suitable for coupling at the same rotation speed through a gear train (14,16) and a variably timed transmission (10), characterized in that the variably timed transmission (10) comprises a system of channels and/or passages linked, directly and/or indirectly, to the internal channel of the coupling shaft in order to feed lubricant to the internal ring (50) extending between the bracket (18) and the sliding tube (17), as well as into one or more of the channels extending between the coupling shaft (12) and a section of the sliding tube (17).

Abstract: An intake manifold capable of discharging oil or water in a liquid reservoir in a stable manner includes an introduction section for introducing air to a combustion chamber of an engine, a liquid reservoir provided under the introduction section for retaining a liquid medium, a differential pressure tank including a first chamber, a second chamber, and a differential pressure valve for regulating flow from the second chamber to the first chamber, a return passage for allowing the liquid medium accumulated in the liquid reservoir to return to the first chamber from the liquid reservoir when the pressure in the second chamber is higher than the pressure in the first chamber, and an exhaust passage for discharging the liquid medium having flown into the second chamber from the first chamber to the instruction section when the pressure in the second chamber is lower than the pressure in the first chamber.

Abstract: A system for a multi-cylinder compression ignition engine includes a plurality of nozzles, at least one nozzle per cylinder, with each nozzle configured to spray oil onto the bottom side of a piston of the engine to cool that piston. Independent control of the oil spray from the nozzles is provided on a cylinder-by-cylinder basis. A combustion parameter is determined for combustion in each cylinder of the engine, and control of the oil spray onto the piston in that cylinder is based on the value of the combustion parameter for combustion in that cylinder. A method for influencing combustion in a multi-cylinder engine, including determining a combustion parameter for combustion taking place in in a cylinder of the engine and controlling an oil spray targeted onto the bottom of a piston disposed in that cylinder is also presented.

Abstract: A mass equalization gear mechanism of an internal combustion engine is provided, having a gear mechanism housing (8) with bearing points (16, 17, 18), at least one equalization shaft (6) with a drive section (9) and an imbalance section (12) and rolling bearings (10, 11, 15) by which the equalization shaft is mounted in the bearing points. In this context, the gear mechanism housing is hydraulically sealed, with the result that the imbalance section and at least one of the rolling bearings is hydraulically separated from the drive section and is provided with autonomous lubrication.

Abstract: An exemplary two-stroke internal combustion engine can comprise one or more cylinders comprising exhaust ports, one or more pistons configured to cyclically cover and uncover the exhaust ports during reciprocation of the pistons within the cylinders, and one or more rotary exhaust valves associated with each exhaust port. The exhaust valves can be configured to rotate around a valve axis that is substantially parallel to an axis of rotation of a crank shaft of the engine. Each exhaust valve at least partially obstructs the associated exhaust port during a portion of the exhaust valve's rotation about the valve axis while the associated exhaust port is at least partially uncovered by the associated piston, thereby trapping fresh charge within the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A spark-ignition engine capable of reducing the content of hydrocarbon in exhaust gas is provided. When viewed from a direction parallel to a cylinder center axis, given a central virtual line passing a squish area maximum-width section and the center of a combustion chamber recessed section, and one area a and the other area b divided by the central virtual line, an intake valve port or an exhaust valve port is opened in one area of any opposed section of opposed sections of the combustion chamber recessed section. A spark-plug attachment hole is formed in the other area of the opposed section, such that, when viewed from the direction parallel to the cylinder center axis, a spark discharge section at a tip of a spark plug does not overlap the central virtual line.

Abstract: An electrically-coupled thermal cycle is used to create an electrically-powered heat pump. Energy stored in electrical circuitry is cycled in and out of a working cylinder via windings so that the piston head performs a heat pump cycle. Such a heat pump may be used to extract heat energy from ambient air, and to deliver that heat to an external heat sink by way of the cylinder head.

Abstract: An intake manifold section for installing in an intake system of an internal combustion engine may have a tube body including an inlet opening, an outlet opening and a fresh air path section running from the inlet opening to the outlet opening. An air mass sensor may be fastened to the tube body and protrude into the fresh air path section. A bypass channel may be disposed on the tube body and bypass the fresh air path section connected to a blow-by gas path at an inlet side.

Abstract: A vehicle includes an engine capable of being intermittently stopped after it is started; a water pump for circulating cooling water, and an ECU. When the cooling water has low temperature the ECU controls the water pump to limit the flow rate of the cooling water to be smaller than when the cooling water has high temperature. When the cooling water has a limited flow rate the ECU sets lower a threshold value of the cooling water's temperature for permitting intermittently stopping the engine than when the cooling water does not have a limited flow rate. When the cooling water has a limited flow rate the engine can nonetheless be intermittently stopped at an appropriate time.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine and a method for maximizing fuel efficiency of an internal combustion engine. The internal combustion engine includes an engine block assembly having an electromagnet coupled thereto and an engine component movable relative to the engine block assembly. The engine component includes a permanent magnet coupled thereto. A control system is provided to selectively provide an electrical current to the electromagnet to produce a desired magnetic field, wherein the magnetic field of the electromagnet cooperates with a magnetic field of the permanent magnet to affect a motion of the engine component in respect of the engine block assembly.

Abstract: A valve for an engine cylinder includes a head. The valve is selectively moveable between a closed position in which the head blocks a port and an open position in which the head unblocks the port. A lower stem is formed as one-piece with the head, and a thermal cavity formed within the lower stem. The thermal cavity is at least partially filled with a heat transfer medium. An upper stem is attached to the lower stem opposite the head. A thermal barrier is located adjacent a junction of the lower stem and the upper stem.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine (10) comprises a chamber (12), inlet valving (24, 26) operable to admit constituents of a combustible mixture into the chamber for combustion in the chamber to provide a pressure increase in the chamber, outlet valving (16) operable to release an outflow of liquid from the chamber under the influence of that pressure increase as an energy output of the chamber, input valving (136) for selectively admitting a heated aqueous fluid into chamber and a supply system (130, 132, 134) for supplying heated aqueous fluid to the input valving. The input valving is arranged to admit the heated aqueous fluid into a region of the chamber in which combustion of the combustible mixture occurs such that at least a portion of the heated aqueous fluid will dissociate to provide hydrogen that is combusted in the chamber.