Abstract: Provided herein are polypeptides that bind to the malodour-causing substance DMTS. Also provided are nucleic acid sequences that encode for the polypeptides. Further provided herein is a method for identifying a compound that binds, suppresses, blocks, inhibits, and/or modulates the activity of one or more olfactory receptor that is activated by the malodor-causing substance DMTS comprising a) contacting the receptor, or a chimera or fragment thereof with a compound and b) determining whether the compound has an effect on the activity of the receptor. Further provided is an expression vector comprising the nucleic acid encoding the polypeptides described as well as a non-human organism or a host cell modified to express a receptor that is activated by DMTS. Also provided is the use of the polypeptides for identifying malodor modulating compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for providing prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment of a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in a computed tomography (CT)-negative subject. The invention further relates to monitoring the severity of brain damage resulting from TBI in a subject and determining the prognosis of a subject that has suffered from mTBI. This invention also relates to methods of predicting who is at risk for developing brain damage and long-term dysfunction.

Abstract: The invention provides methods of identifying schizophrenia patients at risk for relapse. The invention also provides methods of early detection of schizophrenic relapse. The disclosed methods use monitoring of a subset of symptoms and/or one or more biomarkers. The symptom severity can be assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) parameters. The methods of the invention can be used to provide early intervention to decrease or prevent relapse in schizophrenia patients.

Abstract: The invention relates to the diagnosis of stroke resulting from occlusion of one or more large vessels in the brain, and in particular to the diagnosis of stroke resulting from occlusion of one or more large vessels in the brain using one or more biomarkers.

Abstract: Methods are provided that detect cognitive impairment including mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease by using a protein or its partial peptide that differs in presence or absence. Novel biomarkers are also provided for cognitive impairment and non-psychiatric disease, as well as methods for detecting cognitive impairment using such biomarkers. Specifically, a biomarker for diagnosis is provided that comprises a protein fragment or peptide of not less than 5 amino acid residues arising from at least one protein or peptide selected from the group of proteins consisting of an amino acid sequence expressed by SEQ ID NO: 1, 3, 6, 8, 10, 13, 15, 18, or 20 and selected from the group of partial peptide in these proteins consisting of an amino acid sequence expressed by SEQ ID NO: 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 12, 14, 16, 17, 19, or 21.

Abstract: A method of treating a subject having Alzheimer's disease can include assaying a biological medium obtained from the subject for a biomarker selected from the group consisting of Biomarker 1, Biomarker 2, Biomarker 3, Biomarker 4, Biomarker 5, Biomarker 6, Biomarker 7, Biomarker 8, Biomarker 9, Biomarker 10, Biomarker 11, and combinations thereof, where Biomarker 1 has a mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) of 229.13, Biomarker 2 has a m/z of 514.38, Biomarker 3 has a m/z of 602.44, Biomarker 4 has a m/z of 620.42, Biomarker 5 has a m/z of 630.47, Biomarker 6 has a m/z of 703.56, Biomarker 7 has a m/z of 724.52, Biomarker 8 has a m/z of 778.54, Biomarker 9 has a m/z of 799.66, Biomarker 10 has a m/z of 824.60, and Biomarker 11 has a m/z of 842.61. The method can also include relating a characteristic of the biomarker to a presence of Alzheimer's disease in the subject and treating the subject for Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: In one aspect, methods of diagnosing a subject as having Alzheimer's disease and prognosing a subject as being at risk of progressing to Alzheimer's disease are provided. In some embodiments, the method comprises determining one or more of the level of expression of rhotekin 2 (RTKN2), the level of expression of microtubule-associated Ser/Thr kinase 4 (MAST4), the level of binding of forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) to the RTKN2 promoter, and the level of binding of amyloid precursor protein (APP) to the MAST4 promoter in a sample from the subject.

Abstract: Antibody formulations and methods useful for treatment of patients with AL amyloidosis.

Abstract: Epileptic seizures are difficult to diagnose and are often difficult to distinguish from several conditions with similar presentations, and therefore, diagnosis of seizures is often a long, expensive, and unreliable process. This invention provides biomarkers for identifying seizures and epilepsy, assays for measuring and assessing biomarker concentration, predictive models based on biomarkers and computational systems for detecting, assessing and diagnosing phasic and tonic changes associated with seizures and epilepsy in all clinical and healthcare settings. Diagnostic and treatment methods, systems, kits, and predictive models provided herein, provide quantitative and/or qualitative assessment in order to allow patients to proceed immediately to diagnostic and/or treatment protocols, and assess therapeutic treatment effectiveness.

Abstract: The present description relates to methods for clinically assessing Parkinson's disease in a subject using protein biomarkers of erythrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles (EEV).

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compositions and methods to produce 3D organ equivalents of the brain (i.e. “mini-brains”). The invention also relates to methods of using human induced pluripotent stem cells, a combination of growth and other soluble factors and gyratory shaking. Cells from healthy or diseased donors or animals can be used to allow testing different genetic backgrounds. The model can be further enhanced by using genetically modified cells, adding micro-glia or their precursors or indicator cells (e.g. with reporter genes or tracers) as well as adding endothelial cells to form a blood-brain-barrier.

Abstract: The invention provides an antibody and/or an antigen binding fragment that binds to NGF, and the amino acid sequences of the heavy chain and light chain variable regions of the antibody. The NGF antibody and/or its antigen binding fragment provided by the invention has high affinity for NGF and can effectively block the binding between NGF receptor and NGF. This antibody and/or its antigen binding fragment can inhibit the binding activity of NGF and its receptor in vitro, and is suitable for the treatment of pain diseases which are related to the haughty expression or increased expression of NGF.

Abstract: Disclosed are p53 peptides and their use as biomarkers in the diagnosis and/or prognosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in a biological sample. The invention also provides for a diagnostic method based on a highly accurate mass spectrometry analysis for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease at the pre-clinical and prodromal stages of the disease and for the prognosis of cognitive decline in a subject, by quantitating the levels of said p53 peptides specifically in human plasma of patients.

Abstract: Methods for immediate relief of migraine or headache are provided comprising the administration of an anti-CGRP antagonist antibody to a patient in need thereof.

Abstract: Methods for rapid treatment of chronic migraine are provided. Exemplary methods provide relief from migraine within 24 hours of administration. Also provided are methods for acute treatment of migraine. Exemplary methods comprise administration of an anti-CGRP antagonist antibody to a patient in need thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a glucocorticoid (GC) for use in the amelioration, treatment or prophylaxis of neurological/psychiatric adverse events caused by a CD3 binding domain. Kits comprising a GC, a CD3 binding domain and instructions for use which indicate that the GC is to be employed for the treatment amelioration and/or prophylaxis of neurological adverse events caused by said CD3 binding domain, are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods, compositions, and kits for the detection of Early-Stage Alzheimer's disease (AD) autoantibody biomarkers, for the diagnosis of Early-Stage AD, for the identification of a subject at risk for developing Early-Stage AD, and/or for the generation of patient-specific Early-Stage AD autoantibody biomarker profiles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to biomarkers and diagnostic and prognostic methods for Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. The invention also provides compositions for detecting the biomarker as well as compositions and methods useful for treating Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to discovery of novel compounds involved in the treatment and prevention of suicidality by bioinformatics drug repurposing using novel genes expression biomarkers involved in suicidality. Disclosed are methods for assessing severity, determining future risk, matching with a drug treatment, and measuring response to treatment, for suicidality. Also disclosed are new methods of use for drugs and natural compounds repurposed for use in preventing and treating suicidality. These methods include computer-assisted methods analyzing the expression of panels of genes, clinical measures, and drug databases. Detailed herein are methods using a universal approach, in everybody, as well as personalized approaches by gender, and by diagnosis.

Abstract: A method for the pre-amplification sample processing of a prion or other amyloid converting protein in a sample. A key feature of the assay is its ability to amplify and thus detect small quantities of the abnormally folded ‘seed’ forms of misfolded proteins. The assay also opens up the ability to quantify the amount of “seed” present. The methods facilitate the early detection of diseases associated with misfolded proteins, as well as assessment of therapies against these diseases. The method can detect amyloid seeding activity (prions) in blood samples, including the buffy coat cells harvested from pre-clinical and clinical subjects. These findings further enhance the ability to assess the longitudinal course of prion disease and the role hematogenous prions play in pathogenesis. We demonstrate the ability to detect prions in as few as 5×105 buffy coat cells by lipase-iron oxide bead-RT-QuIC performed at 42° C.