Abstract: A package opening arrangement comprised of a body member having a lower portion and an upper portion spaced a predetermined distance therefrom and an end portion coupling first ends of the upper portion and the lower portion together. The upper portion overlies the lower portion and a section thereof is substantially coextensive with the lower portion. The second end of the upper portion is provided with a package cutting means which may be a point. Limit means are provided on the lower portion for limiting the insertion of the second end of the upper portion into the package to be opened.

Abstract: Vehicle-mounted rail grinding apparatus has circular rail grinding discs mounted on a massive platform that is supported by hydraulic pistons and cylinders located at or adjacent the centers of gravity of the platform and vehicle carriage. This permits universal relative movement of the vehicle carriage and platform so that the vertical position of the discs is independent of the movement of the vehicle carriage caused by undulations and other imperfections in the rails.

Abstract: In accordance with an embodiment of the invention, an array of apertured flat plates support the tubes in a heat exchanger. Each aperture has at least three bights that provide individual fluid passageways when the associated tube is lodged in place. At least three inwardly protruding members that separate the bights restrain tube movement. Each of these members define arcs of a circle that has a diameter which is only slightly larger than the outside diameter of the respective tube. During heat exchanger assembly, this slightly larger diameter of the circle defined by the inwardly protruding members accommodates departures in the tubing from a perfectly straight condition. In operation, the individual tubes will tend to lay against one or two of the members in each aperture in almost line contact to prevent "crevice corrosion.

Abstract: A rock bit segment has a cutter rotatably mounted on a journal. Loads radially of the axis of the journal are largely taken by a friction bearing pad of hard material. Ball bearings track in circular races on the journal and cutter and retain the cutter on the journal. A seal at the junction of the journal and the balance of the segment keep lubricant from escaping from the interface between the cutter and the journal and formation material from entering this interface. To provide hardened wear surfaces for the seal on the journal and segment in the ball race on the journal, on radial surfaces of the journal adjacent the pad, and at the nose of the journal, the entire rock bit segment is subjected to a carbon enrichment of the surface after the segment has been machined. Thereafter, the segment is quenched to effect a hardened case, and then the segment is tempered. Carbon in the case varies from 0.5% to 0.9% at the surface to base metal concentrations at depth, and the case is 0.010 to 0.015 inches thick.

Abstract: An elongated sleeve surrounds and threadedly engages the depending end portion of a faucet stem having a nut securing it to a sink or basin. A thrust bearing, having a bore loosely surrounding the faucet stem, is secured to the end of the sleeve, adjacent the faucet nut, and is provided with radially disposed cutting blades projecting toward the faucet nut. The cutting blades are moved into splitting engagement with the faucet nut by manual angular rotation of the sleeve relative to the faucet stem.

Abstract: A table knife in the form of a hockey stick providing a straight cutting edge which engages the food to be cut over its entire length when the handle is held at a normal angle. Cutting efficiency is increased.

Abstract: A fishing rod holder comprising a bracket and a rod holding member pivoted on the bracket for movement about a generally horizontal axis. A pair of spaced electrical contacts are provided on the rod holding member and a tensioning arm forms a third contact adapted to be normally engaged by the rod holding member at a point intermediate the spaced first and second contacts. The tensioning arm is yieldingly mounted on the bracket and is connected electrically to a signal device which in turn is connected to the pair of contacts such that when the rod holding member is moved in one direction or another relative to the bracket, a predetermined distance, a circuit is completed through the tensioning arm to energize the signal means.

Abstract: A holder for nails and the like includes a pair of operating members with pivot means biasing the jaw portions of the operating members into normally closed position and with the handle portions being movable towards each other to open the jaw portions. The jaw portions have vertically extending inner side faces and inclined outer side faces tapering from a reduced cross section at the top faces thereof to a broad cross section adjacent the bottom faces thereof. The outer side face of at least one jaw portion may have measuring indicia spaced along one portion of the length thereof, and the pivot means and operating members are desirably integrally formed. To limit the amount of pivotal movement of the operating member handle portions, stops are provided thereon which project towards each other and which are spaced apart a predetermined limited distance in the normal position of the holder.

Abstract: A fishing lure having a pair of concentric circular spinners. The spinners are mounted on a central rod and are free to rotate about that rod. Each spinner has a pair of bevelled surfaces on its outside rim. The surfaces are located adjacent to the axis of rotation and are disposed on either side of it. The bevelled surfaces are inclined from opposite edges of the rim to form a surface that acts like a propeller. Water acting against the bevelled surfaces tends to cause the spinner to rotate about the rod.

Abstract: A hammer for attaching a horse shoe to the hoof of a horse and having a head member at one end for driving the nail through the shoe and a portion of the hoof and a claw member at the opposite end for wringing the projecting end of the nail cleanly at the outer periphery of the hoof and ejecting the severed portion of the nail from the claw.

Abstract: An axe comprising a blade formed of flat plate stock of generally uniform thickness, and a U-shaped handle attaching strap formed of flat plate stock of generally uniform thickness, the strap is fixedly mounted on a handle end portion with the bight portion and leg portions thereof substantially circumferentially surrounding the handle end portion and free end portions thereof extending therefrom in generally parallel relation beyond a leading edge of the handle end portion. The blade is rigidly mounted with its attaching portion disposed between the free end portions of the attaching strap and a trailing edge thereof facing the leading edge of the handle portion. The cutting edge of the blade is of uniform wedge-shaped cross-sectional configuration throughout its extent, the wedge shape being formed by generally straight bevel surfaces.

Abstract: An elongate razor guard for holding therein a safety razor having a head, a blade carried by the head and a handle extending from the head. The guard, which grips the razor handle toward its outer end, encloses the razor head and has a curved surface engageable by corners of the razor head at the ends of the latter for preventing contact of the razor blade with the guard.

Abstract: A skinning knife having a notched cutting edge which opens toward the knife handle, and an enlargement on one side of the notch which permits the user to slice the hide of an animal without cutting the underlying flesh.

Abstract: A security screw has an axially directed drive hole in its head, with the axis of that hole being coincident with the axis of the screw itself. To turn the screw in either direction, the shank of a driver is inserted into the drive hole and turned in the desired direction. The shank has at least one camming surface on it in the form of a land, and a gripping rod extends along that camming surface in the direction of the shank, the rod being generally centered with respect to the camming surface over which it lies. The arrangement is such that when the shank of the driver is turned with the gripping rod remaining generally with the screw head, the shank forces the gripping rod outwardly into snug contact with the side wall of the drive hole. Indeed, the gripping rod becomes lodged tightly between the wall of the drive hole and the shank of the driver so that the torque applied to the driver is transferred to the screw.

Abstract: Coolant separator apparatus for a grinding machine of the type used to grind, shape and bevel ophthalmic lenses with a high speed grinding wheel and utilizing recirculating coolants to promote grinding speed and grinding quality with respect to both glass and plastic lenses. The apparatus includes a first tank for containing coolant used in the grinding and edging of glass lenses and a second tank for containing coolant used in the grinding and edging of plastic lenses. Pumps are provided for separately pumping coolant from each of the tanks depending on the presence of glass or plastic. A first nozzle sprays coolant from the first tank when glass is ground and a second nozzle sprays coolant from the second tank when plastic is ground.

Abstract: A screw driver with a retractable lever member, said lever member being adapted, when moved to its extended position, to yield increased leverage for the user so as to improve the turning movement in the process of either tightening or loosening a screw or other similar object.

Abstract: An elongated tubular body of square cross section is provided and an endwise outwardly tapering nose is secured in one end of the tubular member. One longitudinal side of the tubular member includes a narrow closed ended slot formed therein and extending longitudinally therealong. The opposite longitudinal side of the tubular member has a wide longitudinal slot formed therein and the wide slot opens through the end of the tubular member remote from the nose. A support block is guidingly and slidingly received within the tubular member and a headed set screw is threadedly engaged in the support block and extends through the narrow groove. A V-shaped cutting blade is carried by the side of the support block adjacent the nose and is disposed in a plane transverse to the longitudinal center line of the tubular member and the apex of the cutting blade projects through the wide slot.

Abstract: A portable cutting-tool sharpener comprising a compact housing of the box-type, having a central enlarged portion and two aligned, straight sections extending from the opposite sides of the enlarged portion; two parallel frame plates secured in one of the aligned straight housing sections; electric motor received in the enlarged housing portion; a first pulley keyed to the shaft of the electric motor means; a second pulley keyed to a driving roller journalled between the parallel plates, adjacent to the electric motor means; a driving "V-belt" connecting the first and second pulleys and an idle roller journalled on a fork slidingly supported between the parallel plates at the ends thereof remote from the electric motor means; and an endless abrasive band mounted around the idle roller and the driving roller and driven by the latter, arranged longitudinally between the parallel frame plates; at least a length of the endless abrasive band being exposed to allow sharpening of cutting tools by the moving endless

Abstract: An improved band saw blade for cutting hard ferrous or non-ferrous articles, wherein the band saw blade comprises an elongated, flexible, continuous ribbon having a back edge and a toothed edge, the ribbon having a sinoidal pattern in the plane of the ribbon, the wavelength and pitch of the ribbon being selected to enhance the cutting of the article but is selected to avoid chatter based on the rate of speed of travel of the ribbon, the pressure applied to the ribbon during the cutting and the average length of the cut to be made in the article to be cut. A method of constructing a band saw blade with a sinoidal pattern including the steps of successively squeezing portions of the saw blade or ribbon alternately near its back edge and near its toothed edge, whereby the blade is formed with a continuous wave pattern.

Abstract: A relatively simple air or air-oxygen powered device utilizing the principles disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,421,692 and 3,421,699 comprises means for feeding liquid to the atomizing sphere and the combination of multiple spray producing sources and treatment of atomized particles by various techniques to produce extremely dense mists or fogs adapted for inhalation by human subjects.