Abstract: A G.sub.1 phase kinase inhibitor is applied in a low concentration to a population of normal and transformed mammalian cells. The concentration of G.sub.1 phase kinase inhibitor is selected to reversibly arrest normal mammalian cells in the G.sub.1 cell cycle without arresting growth of transformed cells. The transformed cells may then be selectively identified and/or cloned for research or diagnostic purposes. The transformed cells may also be selectively killed by therapeutic agents that do not affect normal cells in the G.sub.1 phase, suggesting that such G.sub.1 phase kinase inhibitors may form an effective adjuvant for use with chemotherapeutic agents in cancer therapy for optimizing the killing dose of chemotherapeutic agents while minimizing undesirable side effects on normal cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for quantitatively assaying the presence of DSP toxins such as okadaic acid and dinophysistoxin-1 in marine samples. The method comprises the steps of preparing a marine extract, fractionating the prepared marine extract and selecting the extract fraction containing the toxin to be assayed. Once the desired extract fraction has been selected, a labelled substrate for protein phosphatase and at least one protein phosphatase are added to the extract in an assay. The amount of toxin present is quantitatively measured by the ability of the extract fraction to inhibit catalysis, mainly dephosphorylation, of the labelled substrate by protein phosphatases, such as phosphatase-1 (PP1) or phosphatase-2A (PP2A). Preferably, the method of the present invention is used to assay the presence of okadaic acid in marine organisms such as mussels, oysters, scallops, phytoplankton and the like.

Abstract: A rapidly hydrating welan gum useful for preparing cementitious products. The gum can be dry blended with cement or other dry component and then added to a preformed cement/water pre-mix, thereby alleviating the need for hydrating the gum prior to addition to a cement/water mixture.

Abstract: This invention relates to a substance Trehalostatin which is a white powder soluble in water but hardly or only slightly soluble in hexane, benzene, ethers and petroleum ether, shows no absorption maxima at 220 nm or above in its ultraviolet visible light absorption spectrum, is positive in Rydon-Smith reaction and negative in ninhydrin reaction, 3,6-dinitrophthalic acid reaction and Elson-Morgan reaction, has an Rf value of 0.37 in Merk Kieselgal 60 G.sub.254 thin layer chromatography using a 3:1:2 mixture of n-butanol, acetic acid and water as a developing solvent, and Rt of 11.0 minutes in YMC PA03 (0.7.times.27 cm) high performance liquid chromatography using 65% v/v acetonitrile (in H.sub.2 O) as a solvent at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min, has a molecular weight of 366 and a specific rotatory power [.alpha.].sub.D of +115.degree., and presents an NMR spectrum described below:H-NMR/D.sub.2 O 3.3 (ppm), dd, 1H, 3.5 (ppm), m, 1H, 3.5 (ppm), t, 1H, 3.6 (ppm), d, 1H, 3.6 (ppm), d, 1H, 3.7 (ppm), d, 1H, 3.

Abstract: A method for measuring diaphorase activity comprising mixing a sample comprising diaphorase with nitro blue tetrazolium, EDTA or a salt thereof, at least one of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, and a surface active agent, to form an assay solution; and measuring an increase in absorbance, due to the formation of diformazan, in the assay solution and reagents used in a method for measuring diaphorase activity comprising a first solution, a second solution, EDTA, and a surface active agent, wherein the first solution comprises at least one of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate and the second solution comprises nitro blue tetrazolium.

Abstract: Novel fluorogenic substrates for retroviral protease, e.g. HIV protease, having the chemical structure X-Thr-Ile-Nle-Phe(Y)-Gln-Arg-NH.sub.2 wherein X is a fluorogenic group and Y is an acceptor for the fluorogenic group, and their use in a fluorometric method for the determination of retroviral protease is disclosed.

Abstract: A process for producing 5'-inosinic acid by culturing 5'-inosinic acid-producing bacteria in a medium containing inosine, and cane molasses, sucrose or glucose as the main carbon source and containing at least one of L-methylglycine, N,N-dimethylglycine, N,N,N-trimethylglycine and (2-hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium in an amount effective to enhance the yield of 5'-inosinic acid, and harvesting the 5'-inosinic acid produced.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing an L-amino acid, which entails culturing bacteria producing the L-amino acid in a medium containing cane molasses, sucrose or glucose as a main carbon source and containing at least one substance selected from the group consisting of N-methylglycine, N,N-dimethylglycine, N,N,N-trimethylglycine and (2-hydroxyethyl)trimethyl ammonium in an amount effective to enhance the yield of the L-amino acid; and harvesting the L-amino acid, and wherein the L-amino acid is selected from the group consisting of L-glutamic acid, L-lysine, L-glutamine, L-arginine, L-isoleucine, L-valine, L-threonine, L-histidine, L-phenylalanine, L-tryptophan, L-serine, L-ornithine, L-citrulline, L-tyrosine and L-leucine.

Abstract: The AB-011 Antibiotics and the main components thereof: AB-011a and AB-011b, obtained by the controlled aerobial cultivation of Streptomyces s.p. NCIB 12629 in an aqueous nutrient cultivation medium. The AB-011 Antibiotics show a biological activity, and in particular an antifungal activity.

Abstract: Heteropolysaccharide 105-4, prepared by fermentation of a new unnamed Pseudomonas species ATCC 53923 is useful as an industrial thickening, suspending or stabilizing agent.

Abstract: Disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising tobramycin and dexamethasone for topical ophthalmic delivery and a method of treatment comprising administering said composition when indicated for infection and control of inflammatory response for optimal wound healing and normalization of the eye.

Abstract: Disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising tobramycin and fluorometholone or fluorometholone acetate for topical ophthalmic delivery and methods of treatment comprising administering said composition when indicated for infection and control of inflammatory response for optimal wound healing and normalization of the eye.

Abstract: Described here are procedures and kits for the selective detection of toxicants in environmental samples. Specifically exemplified are procedures and kits which are used to detect heavy metals. The presence of heavy metals is detected by observing the inhibition by the toxicant of a microbially produced enzyme.

Abstract: Alpha-glycosyl rutin is formed at a high concentration by allowing a saccharide-transferring enzyme to act on a high-rutin content liquid in suspension or solution to effect saccharide-transfer reaction. The resultant alpha-glycosyl rutin is easily recovered from the reaction mixture by allowing it to contact with a synthetic macroreticular resin. Alpha-glycosyl rutin is superior in water-solubility, resistance to light and stability to intact rutin, as well as having the physiological activities as intact rutin has. Thus, alpha-glycosyl rutin is favorably usable as a yellow coloring agent, antioxidant, stabilizer, fading-preventing agent, quality-improving agent, preventive, remedy, uv-absorbent and deterioration-preventing agent in foods, beverages, tobaccos, cigarettes, feeds, pet foods, pharmaceuticals for susceptive diseases, cosmetics including skin-refining agent and skin-whitening agent, and plastics, in addition to the use in vitamin P-enriching agents.

Abstract: This invention provides a novel ganglioside ceramidase which has a substrate specificity at least for GD1a, GM1, GM2 and GM3 and acts at least on GD1a, GM1, GM2 and GM3 and catalyzes the reaction of hydrolysis of ganglioside to lysoganglioside and fatty acid.This invention further provides a process for producing the novel ganglioside ceramidase which comprises cultivating ganglioside ceramidase producing strain belonging to the genus Nocardia in a culture medium and collecting ganglioside ceramidase from the culture.

Abstract: This invention allows high-purity maltose to be manufactured both simply and economically by sequentially going through the steps of liquefaction of starch, saccharification of the resulting liquefied substance by combining with general-purpose enzymes and further saccharification with an enzyme which hydrolyzes oligosaccharides of trisaccharide or more, and also allows the economical and favorable manufacturing of maltitol, the reduced product of the above maltose, by going through an additional reduction step.

Abstract: Sucrose derivatives partially acylated in each ring can be obtained by treating a fully or partially acylated sucrose derivative with an enzyme having sucrose esterase activity capable of removing at least one acyl group from each ring, generally comprising or being a component of a lipase, esterase, amylase, .alpha.-galactosidase or protease preparation, the enzyme treatment being effected in an aqueous system. Sucralose can be obtained by using this method to obtain a sucrose 2,3,6,3',4'-penta ester which can then be chlorinated and de-esterfied. Some of the penta acetates, tetraacetates and mixed acetates/butyrates are new compounds.

Abstract: Fumagillin and its salts have an angiogenesis inhibiting activity and are useful for prophylaxis and treatment of diseases induced by abnormally stimulated neovascularization. The invention also provides certain pharmaceutical compositions comprising fumagillin or its salt, and an agent which potentiates angiogenesis inhibition such as heparin and sulfated cyclodextrins such as beta-cyclodextrin tetradecasulfate.

Abstract: A galactomannan heteropolysaccharide is prepared by fermentation of a previously unknown microorganism, named Erwina sp. ATCC No. 55046. The polysaccharide has valuable properties as a thickening, suspending, stabilizing and lubricating agent in aqueous systems. It has a chemical composition of mannose, galactose and galacturonic acid in the approximate molar ratio of 5:3:2. The polysaccharide can be produced in high yield and volumetric productivity from a submerged culture fermentation of a low-cost, lactose-containing whey or whey permeate medium.