Abstract: Disclosed are a decoherence processing method and system, and a coherent light receiving apparatus. The coherent light receiving apparatus comprises a plurality of photoelectric conversion units. The method comprises: performing phase comparison between electric signals, obtained by means of conversion performed by at least two of a plurality of photoelectric conversion units, and a reference signal to obtain a corresponding phase difference; according to the obtained phase difference, respectively performing phase compensation on the electric signals obtained by means of conversion performed by the at least two photoelectric conversion units, so as to obtain at least two compensated electric signals of the photoelectric conversion units; and using the at least two compensated electric signals of the photoelectric conversion units to superpose and output electric signals.

Abstract: A single photon counting sensor array includes one or more emitters configured to emit a plurality of pulses of energy, and a detector array comprising a plurality of pixels. Each pixel includes one or more detectors, a plurality of which are configured to receive reflected pulses of energy that were emitted by the one or more emitters. A mask material is positioned to cover some but not all of the detectors of the plurality of pixels to yield blocked pixels and unblocked pixels so that each blocked pixel is prevented from detecting the reflected pulses of energy and therefore only detects intrinsic noise.

Abstract: An exemplary system includes a light source and a control circuit configured to apply voltage having a first polarity to the light source for a first time period to provide a threshold charge for the light source to start an emission of a light pulse that is directed at a target within a body. The control circuit is further configured to apply voltage having a second polarity opposite the first polarity to the light source for a second time period subsequent to the first time period to discharge the light source to stop the emission of the light pulse.

Abstract: An exemplary optical measurement system includes a signal generator configured to generate a signal and a processing unit configured to direct the signal generator to apply the signal to a component within the optical measurement system, generate, based on a response of the component to the signal, characterization data representative of a timing uncertainty associated with the component, and perform, based on the characterization data, an action associated with the component.

Abstract: A photodetector includes: at least one avalanche photodiode including a first semiconductor layer of a first conductivity type and a second semiconductor layer of a second conductivity type; a first transistor connected to the first semiconductor layer and including a channel of the second conductivity type that has polarity opposite to polarity of the first conductivity type; and a second transistor connected to the first semiconductor layer and including a channel of the first conductivity type.

Abstract: A photodetector device includes an avalanche photodiode array substrate formed from compound semiconductor. A plurality of avalanche photodiodes arranged to operate in a Geiger mode are two-dimensionally arranged on the avalanche photodiode array substrate. A circuit substrate includes a plurality of output units which are connected to each other in parallel to form at least one channel. Each of the output units includes a passive quenching element and a capacitative element. The passive quenching element is connected in series to at least one of the plurality of avalanche photodiodes. The capacitative element is connected in series to at least one of the avalanche photodiodes and is connected in parallel to the passive quenching element.

Abstract: The multi-photon microscope comprises a repetition rate tuner that lowers an optical pulse train emitted from a pulsed laser to a repetition rate for time-gated detection, a scanner that scans the optical pulse train transmitted from the repetition rate tuner in x-axis and y-axis directions, an objective lens that irradiates an optical signal scanned by the scanner to the sample and acquires a fluorescence signal emitted from the excited fluorescent material, a photodetector that photoelectrically converts the fluorescence signal acquired by the objective lens, an amplifier that converts a current signal output from the photodetector into a voltage signal, a digitizer that samples the voltage signal output from the amplifier, and a computing device that separates sampling data output from the digitizer with a detection window set in time domain, and generates an image based on the sampling data separated by the detection window.

Abstract: A light-receiving device includes: a plurality of light-receiving elements arranged in a row on a main surface of a substrate and a first reflection surface and a second reflection surface formed on the substrate to extend in the arrangement direction with the row of the plurality of light-receiving elements interposed therebetween. Each of the first reflection surface and the second reflection surface includes an inclined surface forming one flat surface formed from a main surface of the substrate on which each light-receiving element is formed to a back surface side of the substrate.

Abstract: A device for monitoring the door area around a that is at least partially glazed door is provided. A transmitter emits a transmission pulse of electromagnetic radiation. An image recorder comprises a receiver matrix having a first receiver blocks which has a plurality of first receivers. The first receivers receive reflected signal components of the transmission pulse. Each first receiver has a memory unit which is designed to integrate and store the reflected signal components received. A control unit triggers a transmission pulse of the transmitter and activates the first receivers for a predetermined first receiving period. An evaluation unit compares topography image data with stored reference image data or compares a respective distance value with a stored reference value for a door area free of objects.

Abstract: An optical keyswitch includes a keycap, a support mechanism, and a switch module. The support mechanism is disposed below the keycap and configured to support the keycap moving upward and downward, the support mechanism comprising a first frame and a second frame, the first frame having a sliding end. The switch module includes a circuit board, an emitter, and a receiver, the emitter and the receiver are electrically connected to the circuit board, and the emitter emitting an optical signal to the receiver. When the keycap is pressed, the first frame is driven by the keycap to slide substantially parallel to the circuit board and block the optical signal with the sliding end, so the switch module is triggered to generate a triggering signal.

Abstract: A system counts photon interactions in an array of photosensitive diodes and addresses the issue of improving position resolution. Every photo-detector diode of the array is connected to a readout unit cell containing a high-gain charge-to-voltage amplifier, a shaper, at least two comparators with independent thresholds and at least one interpixel communication logic, receiving as input signals from comparator outputs of the same readout unit cell and of the neighboring readout unit cells. This logic is then connected to at least one counter, each counter followed by a counter readout. By means of the digital interpixel communication logic and the set of comparators with different thresholds in every readout unit cell, it is possible to determine the photon hit position in the detector with a higher position resolution than the physical photo-detector size including the removal of the corner effect in pixel detectors.

Abstract: There is provided a pixel circuit including an optically sensitive material (OSM) layer and a readout circuit. The OSM layer is arranged upon the readout circuit, and used to sense light energy to generate signal charges to be integrated in a floating diffusion. The readout circuit includes a source follower for amplifying a voltage on the floating diffusion within a readout interval, and the voltage on the floating diffusion is not changed by an external voltage pulse within the readout interval.

Abstract: A fluid properties sensing system includes an optical sensor which generates a sensor signal based on received laser light, a light source which transmits laser light through a transmitting fiber to a sensor head, a receiver that detects a portion of the laser light from a receiving fiber through an evanescent field of the transmitting fiber when the laser light radiates through a transmitting fiber wall of the transmitting fiber and interacts with a fluid medium at an interface of the sensor and the fluid medium, and a processor. The fibers are coupled at one end through the evanescent field to form the sensor head disposed in a flow field and to interact with the fluid medium. The processor identifies a change in the sensor signal based on a detected portion of the laser light resulting from an interaction of the sensor head with the fluid medium.

Abstract: The present application discloses a laser receiving circuit and a LiDAR. The laser receiving circuit includes an amplifying circuit, a DC bias circuit, and an analog-to-digital converter. The amplifying circuit is connected to the analog-to-digital converter and configured to amplify input first voltage signals to obtain second voltage signals, and the second voltage signals are AC voltage signals. The DC bias circuit is connected to the analog-to-digital converter and configured to generate reverse DC voltage signals, and the reverse DC voltage signals and the second voltage signals are superimposed to obtain third voltage signals. The analog-to-digital converter is configured to sample the third voltage signals.

Abstract: An imaging device may include single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs). To improve the sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio of the SPADs, light scattering structures may be formed in the semiconductor substrate to increase the path length of incident light through the semiconductor substrate. To mitigate crosstalk, multiple rings of isolation structures may be formed around the SPAD. An outer deep trench isolation structure may include a metal filler such as tungsten and may be configured to absorb light. The outer deep trench isolation structure therefore prevents crosstalk between adjacent SPADs. Additionally, one or more inner deep trench isolation structures may be included. The inner deep trench isolation structures may include a low-index filler to reflect light and keep incident light in the active area of the SPAD.

Abstract: The system can include: a container no, a set of sensors 120, and a controller 130. The system can optionally include a robot 140. However, the system 100 can additionally or alternatively include any other suitable set of components. The system functions to monitor and/or maintain a fullness level of a container. The system can additionally or alternatively function to enable robotic picking out of the container (e.g., in a pick-and-place setting). The system can additionally function to maintain candidate objects within reach of the robot's end effector to increase robot uptime while minimizing the extent of the robot's required motion (e.g., in the z-axis).

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to an optical sensor package with a first assembly and a second assembly with an encapsulant extending between and coupling the first assembly and the second assembly. The first assembly includes a first substrate, a first die on the first substrate, a transparent material on the first die, and an infrared filter on the transparent material. The second assembly includes a second substrate, a second die on the second substrate, a transparent material on the second die, and an infrared filter on the transparent material. Apertures are formed through the encapsulant aligned with the first die and the second die. The first die is configured to transmit light through one aperture, wherein the light reflects off an object to be detected and is received at the second die through another one of the apertures.

Abstract: One embodiment illustrated herein includes an optical device. The optical device includes a stacked device, formed in a single semiconductor chip, configured to be coupled in an overlapping fashion to an underlying device. The stacked device includes a plurality of optical output pixels. Each of the output pixels includes a plurality of subpixels. Each subpixel is configured to output a color of light. Each pixel is configured to output a plurality of colors of light. The optical device further includes one or more detectors, configured to detect light, interleaved with the subpixels of the pixels. The stacked device comprises a plurality of transparent regions formed in the stacked device between the pixels. The plurality of transparent regions are transparent, according to a first transmission efficiency, to light in a first spectrum. The underlying device emits light in the first spectrum.

Abstract: An optical filter may include a first group of layers. The first group of layers may include alternating layers of a first dielectric material, of a group of dielectric materials, and a second dielectric material of the group of dielectric materials. The optical filter may include a second group of layers. The second group of layers may include alternating layers of a third dielectric material, of the group of dielectric materials, and a fourth dielectric material of the group of dielectric materials. The optical filter may include a third group of layers. The third group of layers may include alternating layers of a fifth dielectric material, of the group of dielectric materials, a sixth dielectric material, of the group of dielectric materials, and a metal material. The third group of layers may be disposed between the first group of layers and the second group of layers.

Abstract: A system and method is disclosed for solar tracking and controlling an angular position of a photovoltaic power system. The solar tracking system includes an imaging device for capturing images of the sky; a solar position data generating module; and a control system comprising a neural network. The neural network has multiple convolutional layers to generate a first output associated with the images, and a solar position data module. A first dense layer module receives the solar position data and generates a second output. A second dense layer module receives the first output and the second output and generates a concatenated data sequence. A processor is programmed to generate a multi-planar irradiance signal (MPIS) in response to the concatenated data sequence, and determine an angular position of the PV power system and adjust the angular position in response to an angle of maximum irradiance.