Abstract: There is disclosed a method for the manufacture of a solid animal feed supplement employing an in-situ reaction between a hydratable metal oxide such as calcium oxide and a water soluble phosphate, such as phosphoric acid to solidify the product. The method comprises the addition of the metal oxide to a concentrated dispersion of a water soluble sugar such as molasses, whey and the like, to hydrate the metal oxide. After sufficient hydration has occurred to provide the desired quantity of reactant metal ions in soluble form, a condition which can be detected by monitoring the pH, temperature, or time following addition of the metal oxide, the soluble phosphate is added to cause solidification of the resultant mixture.

Abstract: A whole egg replacer is prepared by combining non-elastic protein material, oil and salt and heating at a low simmering temperature, adding a mild acid to the foregoing and continuing heating for a period of time sufficient to bring out flavor characteristics, adding water and vegetables and boiling, adding additional water and non-elastic protein material, continuing boiling, adding a thickening agent, continuing boiling and then drying to obtain a material of high protein content.

Abstract: A homogeneous formable aqueous collagen composition having uniformly incorporated therein at least about 5% by weight based on the solids content thereof of an antiblock additive selected from the group consisting of fully esterified fatty acid esters of polyhydric alcohols, mineral oil, and mixtures of the same, said collagen composition being formable into shaped collagen structures that exhibit improved antiblocking characteristics.

Abstract: A method of processing fermented soybeans by freeze-drying the fermented soybeans in a vacuum and separating the dried soybeans into an outer layer portion and an inner layer portion, and a method of preparing instant fermented soybeans or instant rice containing fermented soybeans by contacting the inner layer portion with water with or without precooked rice for reconstitution and adding a powder of the outer layer portion to the reconstituted mass.

Abstract: A process, and the product produced thereby, for making fishbait from commercially suitable and/or unsuitable salmon eggs. The process includes the steps of: (1) mixing the salmon eggs, any residual salmon egg material, and the residual salmon egg oil with a binder, such as sugar, to form a mixture which thus includes whole salmon eggs; (2) spreading the mixture into an open vessel; (3) swabbing the exposed surface of the mixture with oil; (4) heating the mixture in a vacuum, thereby cooking it into a soft, but congealed mass; (5) turning the congealed mass over and repeating steps (3) and (4); and (6) cutting the mass resulting from step (5) into strips convenient for packaging and sale.

Abstract: Improved collagen compositions having incorporated therein relatively small amounts of propylene glycol alginate.

Abstract: A method for preparing a stable clear liquid release agent consisting of forming a uniform mixture of oils by agitating the oils at a temperature on the order of 74.degree. C followed by uniformly chilling the mixture with agitation to at least about 25.degree. C and working the chilled mixture. Preferably the mixture is precooled and homogenized prior to the rapid chilling step. The resultant blend of oils present a brighter and clearer appearance and is less suceptible to separation than conventionally blended oil mixtures.

Abstract: A food composition stabilized by the presence therein of a small proportion of a dialkyl pentaerythritol diphosphite. The alkyl groups each contain 10-18 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Non-dairy coffee whiteners can be provided with stability to the thermal and acid stresses of coffee by incorporating a water-soluble acetate salt in the whitener. The acetate salt may be used as a total or partial replacement of conventional stabilizing salts generally used in whiteners. Acetate salts which may be used include sodium acetate, potassium acetate, calcium acetate and mixtures thereof, and may be added to the whitener as such or formed in situ during the preparation of the whitener.

Abstract: An imitation margarine product prepared from a water-in-oil emulsion containing vegetable protein isolates and particularly soy protein isolate, substituted for milk-derived or animal based protein, is prepared by a process which provides a substantially more stable product than like products, especially those containing vegetable protein.

Abstract: Superior soy protein beverages are prepared by formulation of carbohydrate, fat, or other nutritional ingredients with the liquid retentate of a soy protein ultrafiltration purification process without first recovering the soy protein by precipitation or drying of the retentate. Short-time high-temperature heat treatment of soy protein solution purified by ultrafiltration improves functional and nutritional qualities thereof.

Abstract: A process for preparing a protein isolate from fish material is described, in which a fish material having a lipid content not exceeding 0.5% by weight is treated with aqueous alkali at a pH of 10 to 12, at a temperature of 80.degree. to 100.degree. C for a period of time of 1 to 5 minutes, insoluble material is removed from the alkali solution, and thereafter the solution is desalted and deodorized.

Abstract: An NPN ruminant feed supplement having a high percentage of chemically bound urea is prepared from cellulose commodities by an efficient process involving reaction with urea and a dilute mineral acid at low pH.

Abstract: An improved whippable whey protein containing composition is provided comprising a whey protein containing product having at least 20% soluble whey protein, in combination with a member selected from the group consisting of gelatin, gelatin and a water soluble polyphosphate, a gum and mixtures thereof, the whey protein containing product being prepared by:A. ultrafiltration of cottage cheese whey; orB. adjusting the pH of a solution containing a whey protein to a value of from about 11 to about 13, thereafter reducing the pH to a value of from about 4 to about 6 to yield a water solution of a water soluble whey product and insoluble whey solids and separating the water soluble whey final product; orC. hydrolyzing the insoluble whey solids of step (b) at a pH of between about 11 and about 13; orD.

Abstract: Nitroxide derivatives of 1,2-dihydro- and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6-alkoxyquinolines are used for reducing or eliminating the formation of undesirable nitrosamines which are generated when nitrite cured meat, such as bacon, is cooked at the temperatures usually attained during frying, grilling or broiling.

Abstract: An oilseed lipid-protein product adapted for food use is prepared by aqueous extraction of fat containing oilseed materials including the ground raw oilseed or full-fat oilseed flour or flake at a pH in excess of the isoelectric range of the protein for the purpose of solubilizing the protein. Insoluble material is removed by centrifugation or filtration, and soluble carbohydrate is removed from the resulting lipid-protein emulsion by membrane filtration.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for improving the structure of fats, and preferably margarines, by cooling a fat composition or an aqueous fat suspension with at least 40% of liquid oils to 25.degree.-40.degree. C thereby removing 5-70% of the latent heat of crystallization of the fat components which are crystallizable above 10.degree. C and subjecting said mass after removal of the desired heat of crystallization to a stirring action without further cooling. After a temperature rise of at least 0.5.degree. C and not higher than 0.5.degree. C below the melting point of the fat composition, the fat composition or suspension is further cooled to below about 20.degree. C.

Abstract: An improved process for producing a high quality, edible meal product from cottonseed by releasing oil under conditions whereby unruptured gossypol cells are floated out with the oil flow and immediately separated from the remaining solids. Sufficient gossypol is removed in the cooking step of the extraction phase by a simple, low temperature heat and moisture treatment so that the final meal product rendered is safe and nutritious for human consumption, yet produced at lower cost than prior art methods. The dry, decortiated oleaginous material is treated in a flow down cooker where heat and moisture are added for removal of a significant portion of the oil and gossypol therein, after which the material is mixed with a solvent for removal of the major portion of the remaining oil and gossypol.

Abstract: A continuous process is described for forming simulated nut-like food products by providing a mixing vessel or a plurality of vessels which include mixing zone portions distributed along the flow path of the material being prepared with one or more fluid inlets between the portions of the mixer. An edible hydratable film former and a fat in liquid form are introduced and mixed continuously in one portion of the mixer. Water is introduced continuously through the inlet at a point intermediate the ends of the mixer and the mixture thus formed is continuously agitated to produce an aqueous dispersion in which the film forming substance is hydrated by the added water to form a stable dispersion which is then molded or otherwise formed and dried to a moisture content of 10% or less.

Abstract: Hard cooked eggs are fed through a hopper to a conveyor section which has an oscillating and vibratory feed at a frequency and energy level which progressively fractures and shatters the shell of the eggs passing therethrough. The eggs are passed through a resilient orifice which flagellates the eggs successively and frictionally dislodges the shell and the eggs are subjected to a stream of fluid such as water intersecting their path of travel differentially lubricating and assisting in the stripping of the shells from the eggs without damage to the hard cooked flesh of the eggs. The eggs are washed clean and the shell debris is collected and the shelled eggs are emitted in a separate flow path. Process fluid is treated as desired and recycled.The apparatus comprises a collector hopper oriented above a conveyor run onto which eggs are delivered in a consecutive sequence path. The conveyor is agitated and vibrated imparting continuous shock loading to the eggs passing through the conveyor.