Abstract: The invention relates to a lab-top work station which is designed for use in the manual application of liquid to a slide or microwell plate and consists of a slide holder, a bridge for support of manual liquid dispensers at a predetermined location with respect to the slide holder, and a manual incremental advance mechanism for manually moving the slide holder a predetermined distance.

Abstract: A calibration standard for calibrating machines which count the somatic cells in a milk sample, comprises an aqueous dispersion of microbeads bearing a fluorescent dye, a suspending agent, and an electrolyte; the dye has an excitation wavelength below 580 nm and a fluorescence emission wavelength in the range of 550 to 660 nm, with the excitation wavelength being at least 10 nm below the emission wavelength; the microbeads are present in a predetermined number per unit volume of dispersion; typically the standard contains 1.times.10.sup.5 to 9.times.10.sup.5 beads/ml.

Abstract: An autoclavable cassette for the receipt and storage of dental and surgical instruments includes a metal tray portion including a base, four sides and two outwardly extending flanges and a metal lid portion which covers the open tray portion and assembles to the outwardly extending latches by means of a cooperating latch and pin combination. The metal cassette tray is configured with a variety of slots, apertures and pins which are used to receive customizing components so that the dentist or surgeon can, by his own selection of specific component options create his own customized cassette. Some of the customizing options include a generally rectangular rack which sets in and can be lifted out of the tray and which includes a series of aligned receiving channels for the receipt of dental or surgical instruments. Another customizing option includes a finger mat which fits within the tray with a snap-in/snap-out feature, providing greater versatility.

Abstract: A method for controlling the crystallization of protein by solvent evaporation including placing a drop of protein solution between and in contact with a pair of parallel plates and driving one of the plates toward and away from the other plate in a controlled manner to adjust the spacing between the plates. The drop of solution forms a liquid cylinder having a height dependent upon the plate spacing thereby effecting the surface area available for solvent evaporation. When the spacing is close, evaporation is slow. Evaporation is increased by increasing the spacing between the plates until the breaking point of the liquid cylinder. One plate is mounted upon a fixed post while the other plate is carried by a receptacle movable relative to the post and driven by a belt driven screw drive. The temperature and humidity of the drop of protein solution are controlled by sealing the drop within the receptacle and mounting a heater and dessicant within the receptacle.

Abstract: A method for converting solid organic fuels, most particularly coals, into high temperature gases that can easily be transformed into useful energy. This method employs a substantially closed reactor, referred to as a gasifier, having an internal reaction chamber or cavity made of materials that can tolerate the presence of oxygen at high temperatures, that possess low thermal mass, that limit or restrict the passage of heat, that function as almost perfect black bodies at high temperatures, and that are resistant to the abrasive effects of the solid fuels.

Abstract: A high pressure reaction vessel includes an inner bushing surrounding a reaction charge. The inner bushing is formed of at least one material having a low shear strength that undergoes a polymorphic phase change to a more dense phase within the operating pressure range of the reaction vessel. The bushing may be formed of at least two low shear strength materials with one of the materials undergoing polymorphic phase change to a more dense phase. The one of the two materials which undergoes a polymorphic phase change forms between 10% and 90% of the total volume of the inner bushing. In another embodiment, a pressure transmitting media and an electrical resistance heater tube are concentrically arranged within the inner bushing. The pressure transmitting media is formed of a low shear strength material that undergoes a polymorphic phase change to a more dense phase. In both embodiments, the low shear strength material undergoing polymorphic phase change is potassium bromide.

Abstract: Instruments for determining the degree of delignification corresponding to a sample of kraft or soda process digested wood pulp are calibrated with a predetermined quantity of refined lignin. For convenient use and application, a standardized solution comprising such refined lignin and an organic solvent such as ethylene glycol may be prepared for distribution to use points. Such standardized refined lignin, whether tested as a powdered solid or as a standardized solution yields a consistent "K" Number, "Permanganate" Number, "Kappa" Number or "Klason" Number value from standardized titration test procedures.