Abstract: A piezoelectric acoustic transducer, especially for a printer photoreceptor toner transfer assist system, having a mechanical resonance varying over a substantial frequency range, is driven by a driver circuit having an automatically variable frequency electrical power output. The driver circuit initially automatically slowly sweeps over a wide frequency range encompassing the resonance range of the transducer until the resonant frequency is detected from the electrical impedance change of the transducer at resonance. The driver circuit then automatically switches to a frequency control with a phase lock loop system responsive to the phase of the transducer voltage and current, to hold and maintain the driver circuit output at the varying resonant frequency of the transducer. A small frequency range rapid dithering of the driver circuit frequency may be additionally provided above and below the resonant frequency of the transducer.

Abstract: An ink jet nozzle. The ink jet nozzle includes a substrate having an upper surface in which an ink energizing element is attached to the upper surface of the substrate. The ink jet nozzle further includes an oxide-nitride or oxide-carbide composite orifice layer. The oxide-nitride composite orifice layer includes a lower surface conformally connected to the upper surface of the substrate, and an exterior surface facing away from the substrate. The oxide-nitride composite orifice layer defines a firing chamber. The firing chamber opens through a nozzle aperture in the exterior surface, and extends downward with a negative slope through the oxide-nitride orifice layer to expose the ink energizing element.

Abstract: When a user approaches a digital copying machine, an ID card which the user is holding is detected (S1), and an ID number of the same is checked by communication between the ID card and the digital copying machine (S2). Print jobs corresponding to the detected ID number areb listed up (S4), and the print jobs corresponding to the ID number are outputted (S6). An order of output, timings of output, and a current state of output, of the print jobs can be displayed according to the ID number. Thus, an image output processing apparatus which is capable of controlling print jobs according to ID numbers is designed so as to execute various controls such as output processing control according to ID numbers, thereby to be an image output processing apparatus highly convenient for the users.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an ink jet head comprises a first step of arranging on a substrate a passage molding material to form ink paths conductively connected to discharge ports for discharging ink, a second step of arranging on the substrate an edge portion molding material in the vicinity of the passage molding material, a third step of arranging on the substrate a wall formation material to cover the passage molding material and the edge portion molding material, and a fourth step of forming the paths with the wall formation material by removing the passage molding material from the substrate. With this method, it is possible to manufacture an ink jet head having an ink chamber and nozzles, which are configured substantially the same as the molding members, without creating cracks and other defects that are liable to occur on the extruded corners of the passage molding material with respect to the substrate when the conventional technique is applied.

Abstract: A transport roll 1 consists of a metal roll 3 of 40 mm in diameter covered with a conductive PFA tube 2 of 10.sup.10 .OMEGA.cm in volume resistivity and 200 .mu.m in thickness. A DC voltage source 4 is connected to the metal roll. A sheet of paper 5 bearing toner images 6 and 7 on both sides thereof receives a drive force from a paper drive roll, and turns with the movement of the paper. The DC voltage source produces voltage VB1 of the same polarity as the charging polarity (positive) of the toner image 6 being in contact with the transport roll. The voltage VB1 is optimumly controlled so as to prevent the transport roll from being soiled with toner.

Abstract: When an operator starts an operation for copying in full-color image forming mode, a predetermined warning to copy-protected materials and others is given to the operator, and an actual copy cannot be performed unless the operator confirms this warning. When the operator starts the operation of copying in the full-color image forming mode, and/or during the copying operation, a third party such as a manager of the copying machine is notified of these facts for enabling help in the copying operation and finding the copying of copy-protected materials.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: a transfer unit T2 including the inside transfer roll 29, the outside transfer roll 30 transfers the toner image from the toner image holding belt B onto the recording sheet that passes through the transfer region Q4 when transfer voltage is applied to between the inside transfer roll 29 and the outside transfer roll 30; electric-field adjusting conductive member 51 disposed in proximity to and along the inner side of the toner image holding belt B leaving the transfer region Q4 at a position located downstream of the transfer region Q4; and electric-field adjust-potential applying means 53; 54 applies a potential, which weakens an electric field developed between the outside transfer roll 30 and the inside transfer roll 29 in a region located downstream of the transfer region Q4, to the electric-field adjusting conductive member 51.

Abstract: The invention relates to an image forming device and method therefor solving the subject matter that, if the linear speed of the developing solution carrier for that of the latent image carrier is lowered in order to secure the development capacity, the line image is deteriorated and there occurs a troublesome matter such as the blanking at the halftone rear edge. Such image forming device of the present invention is provided with a two-component magnetic brush type developing apparatus in which the developing bias composed of the DC bias and the AC bias superposed thereon is applied to the developing apparatus, and the latent image formed on the latent image carrier is developed with the two-component developing solution including the magnetic toner and the magnetic carrier. In the image forming device, the magnetic substance including percentage of the magnetic toner is set to 5 wt %.about.35 wt %.

Abstract: A substrate for a recording head includes a heat generating resistor for generating thermal energy to eject liquid, and a pair of opposed electrodes which are electrically connected to the heat generating resistor to supply electric signal to that heat generating resistor. A portion of the heat generating resistor interposed between the electrodes constitutes a heat generating portion, and the electrodes have respective ends adjacent to the heat generating resistor, each of which ends has a smooth convex shape. The width of a pattern constituting the heat generating resistor is greater than a width of a pattern constituting the electrodes.

Abstract: A toner image fixing apparatus has a fixing roller, a pressing roller, and a heating roller which are rotatable about their own axes. The pressing roller presses a sheet carrying an unfixed toner image against the fixing roller to fix the unfixed toner image to the sheet. The heating roller is disposed on one side of the fixing roller remotely from the pressing roller. An endless heat transfer belt is trained around the heating and fixing rollers for transferring heat from a heater to heat the unfixed toner image on the sheet. A guide plate is positioned upstream of the pressing roller for guiding the sheet to enter between the fixing and pressing rollers. The heat transfer belt and the guide plate are so spaced from each other that the sheet prior to being entering between the fixing and pressing rollers is kept out of contact with the heat transfer belt. The heat transfer belt may be positioned outside of a region where the sheet guided by the guide plate possibly passes.

Abstract: An apparatus for developing a latent image recorded on an imaging surface, including: a housing defining a chamber for storing a supply of developer material comprising toner; a donor member, spaced from the imaging surface, for transporting toner on the surface thereof to a region opposed from the imaging surface, the donor member includes an electrode array on the outer surface thereof, the array including a plurality of spaced apart electrodes extending substantial across width of the surface of the donor member; and a multi-phase voltage source operatively coupled to the electrode array, for generating a first electrodynamic wave pattern for moving toner particles along the surface of the electrode array to and from a development zone and generating a second electrodynamic wave to provide a fast oscillating-like toner motion along and perpendicular to the surface of the electrode array.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, such as a color image forming apparatus using a transfer roller or similar transfer electrode, and a constant current power source. The transfer roller is made of a material to which ion agents are added. The constant current power source applies the electric current to the transfer electrode so as to implement an image transfer operation. An electric resistance of the material satisfies a formula log R (Va)-log R (10.times.Va).ltoreq.0.5, such that a quality of the image transfer operation is not corrupted when a relatively little amount of toner is transferred, or a relatively large amount of toner is transferred.

Abstract: A printer device for realizing correct representation of the gradation. After oozing a quantitation medium 45 from a quantitation medium nozzle 53, the printer device causes an emission medium 49 from an emission medium nozzle 54 for mixing with the quantitation medium 45 for emitting the resulting mixed liquid. During the time which elapses since emission of the quantitation medium 45 from the quantitation medium nozzle 53 until reversion of the liquid surface of the quantitation medium 45 to the opening end of the quantitation medium nozzle 53, the quantitation medium 53 is pressurized in a direction of pulling the liquid surface of the quantitation medium 45 into the quantitation medium nozzle 53.

Abstract: A printhead used to eject fluid onto a recording medium has an integrated heat-sink which is used to cool the energy dissipation elements used to propel the fluid from the printhead. The printhead is comprised of a semiconductor substrate that has been processed with thin-film layers. On top of the thin-film layers is an orifice layer that has a pattern of orifices. Fluid feed channels, on the side of the printhead opposite the orifice, supply fluid to the pattern of orifices. Within the thin-film layers are energy dissipating elements which are used to transfer energy to the fluid thereby ejecting fluid from the orifice. The fluid is transferred to the orifice opening through fluid feed slots formed in the thin-film layer adjacent to the energy dissipation elements which is exposed in the fluid feed channel. An integrated heat-sink is attached to the energy dissipation elements to remove heat to the semiconductor substrate and the fluid supply in the fluid feed channel.

Abstract: An image processing unit comprises a memory for storing original image data and a print start time therefor, and a reserve print function of reading the original image data from the memory and printing the same at the print start time. The image processing unit further has a monitor for monitoring consumed times for an interruption copy, paper supply and the like, an operator for inputting print data and a desired print end time, a computing element for operating a required time for a print operation on the basis of the print data, and a setter for setting a print start time for each original on the basis of the operating situation of the image processing unit and the required and desired end times for each original for avoiding overlapping of print operations for respective originals.

Abstract: An adjustment mechanism for setting up spacing of a development station for a reproduction apparatus within a desired tolerance range such that marking particles from the development station properly develop electrostatic images. The adjustment mechanism includes a datum member and a cam having a locating post for the development station extending from the cam. The datum member includes, for example, a bracket in the reproduction apparatus, and at least one pin attached to the bracket. The cam is adjustably associated with the datum member so as to selectively position the locating post a predetermined distance from the datum member. The adjustable cam includes, for example, a member defining a plurality of spaced openings, the openings capable of receiving the at least one pin of the datum member so as to position the locating post dependent upon which opening the at least one pin is received within.

Abstract: An ink leakage prevention system, for a liquid electrophotographic printer having a development tray, which includes a chassis, installed at a main body of the printer, a development tray, installed at the lower portion of a development unit and is detachable from the main body of the printer, wherein the developing tray accommodates developer left over after being used by the development unit for developing and which has a discharge portion for discharging the accommodated developer, a drain tray installed at the chassis to drain the developer discharged from the development tray into a circulation tank, and a discharge portion opening/shutting means for closing the discharge portion when the development tray is separated from the drain tray and for opening the discharge portion when the development tray is coupled to the drain tray.

Abstract: A video controller which manages an optional controller for controlling a sheet stapling device inputs a job from a computer, reserves an instruction of a sheet process in unit of sheet for plural sheets to the optional controller according to the input job, and outputs to the optional controller an instruction to execute a pull-up process of a stapling member in preference to execution of the already-reserved instruction according as the stapling member was supplemented in the sheet stapling device.

Abstract: An imaging system for effecting electrostatic printing of an image, wherein the imaging system includes at least one contact electrostatic printing engine operable in a novel fashion upon a copy substrate, for imaging and development of an electrostatic latent image representative of the image, and subsequently transfers the developed image to the copy substrate. A toner cake delivery apparatus provides a thin, uniform toner cake layer of high solids content to a suitable receiving member for subsequent pressure contact with the surface of a latent image bearing imaging member such that a developed image is created by separating and selectively transferring portions of the toner cake layer in correspondence with the image and non-image regions of the latent image.

Abstract: In exposure by a scanning exposure system, when the pattern of a reticle is exposed onto shot areas on a wafer while reading ahead to detect the focus positions at read-ahead regions before an exposure region 16, 116 with respect to the scanning direction, (1) for each of shot areas S10, S1-S4, S5, S23, S28, S29-S32 on the peripheral region of the wafer 15, the exposure is performed by scanning the wafer 15 so that a slit-like exposure region 16 moves relatively from the inside to the outside of the wafer 15; or, (2) when the absolute value of the difference between the focus position at the read-ahead region 135 and the focus position of an imaging plane 139 in the exposure region exceeds an allowable value, the height of the wafer 15 is fixed at the height set until then while ignoring the read-ahead data.