Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising a conductive support, a charge generating layer overlying the conductive support and a charge transport layer overlying the generating layer, the charge transporting layer comprising an electrically inactive organic resin binder having dispersed therein inorganic n-type semiconductive particles having a mean particle size below about 0.1 .mu.m.

Abstract: Organic photoconductive elements with a charge generating layer and a charge transport layer carried on an electroconductive support are disclosed. The invention involves the combined use of a mixture of a polyester having a Tg (glass transition temperature) larger than about 60.degree. C. with a polyester having a Tg smaller than about 30.degree. C. in the adhesive bonding layer on the electroconductive support and in the charge transporting layer to provide a receptive and retentive base layer for the charge-generating layer.

Abstract: Photoconductive particles are prepared by the reaction of a water-soluble metal salt with an ion exchange resin having an anion which reacts with the metal ion of the water-soluble metal salt to produce a water insoluble metal compound and the deposition of the water insoluble metal compound resulting from the reaction on the surface of the photoconductive particles.

Abstract: An electrostatic master for lithographic printing characterized by a base, a barrier coat thereon, and a photo-conductive layer. The barrier coat includes a hydrophobic thermoplastic film-forming resin having labile hydrogen-containing functional groups and a conductive agent. The conductive agent is a quaternary ammonium salt. The salts have only a minimal effect on water resistance and result in excellent reduction in the dielectric characteristics of the barrier coat.

Abstract: This invention is generally directed to an improved process for rapidly charging uncharged replenishment toner particles to a positive polarity, and the use of such particles for developing images in an electrostatographic imaging system, which process comprises (1) adding uncharged replenishment toner particles to a charged developer composition comprised of carrier particles and toner particles, the carrier particles consisting of a core containing a polymer coating thereon having incorporated therein an additive having a pKa of less than 5, said additive being selected from the group consisting of perfluorooctanoic acid, 2,4-dinitrophenol, 2,4,6-trinitrophenol, and naphthalene sulfonic acids, (2) contacting the charged developing composition containing said carrier particles with the uncharged toner particles, wherein positive charges are transferred to the uncharged toner particles within a mixing period of from about 5 seconds to about 5 minutes, thereby resulting in substantially the same level of posit

Abstract: In an electrophotographic member employing an amorphous silicon photoconductive layer, a part which is at least 10 nm thick inwardly of the amorphous silicon layer from the surface (or interface) of the amorphous silicon layer is made of amorphous silicon which has an optical forbidden band gap of at least 1.6 eV and a resistivity of at least 10.sup.10 .OMEGA..cm. The electrophotographic member exhibits a satisfactory resolution and good dark-decay characteristics. Further, a region which has an optical forbidden band gap narrower than that of the amorphous silicon forming the surface (or interface) region is disposed within the amorphous silicon layer to a thickness of at least 10 nm, whereby the sensitivity of the electrophotographic member to longer wavelengths of light can be enhanced.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrophotographic member having an amorphous-silicon photoconductive layer, wherein the distance between a portion in which light illuminating the photoconductor is absorbed therein until its intensity decreases to 1% of that at incidence and the interface of the photoconductor opposite to the light incidence side thereof is at most 5 .mu.m, whereby the residual potential of the photoconductive layer can be reduced.That part of the photoconductive layer constituting the electrophotographic member which is at least 10 nm thick inwardly of the photoconductive layer from the surface thereof to store charges is made of amorphous silicon which has an optical forbidden band gap of at least 1.6 eV and a resistivity of at least 10.sup.10 .OMEGA..multidot.cm. Further, within such photoconductive layer, a region of amorphous silicon which has an optical forbidden band gap smaller than that of the amorphous silicon forming the surface part is disposed at a thickness of at least 10 nm.

Abstract: Disclosed is a thermally stable liquid negative developer comprising an organic liquid carrier, a pigment, a stabilizing gel on the borderline of solubility in the carrier, a latex which imparts a fixative function to the developer, and a two component charge control agent. The charge control agent consists of a first polymer, soluble in the carrier, having a basic character because of the inclusion of pyrrolidone or hydroxylated alkyl groups, and a second polymer, insoluble or on the borderline of solubility in the carrier, having an acid character because of the inclusion of free halogenated groups, and containing a minor amount of carrier soluble moieties. The two components may constitute separate ingredients, or either or both components may be incorporated into the structure of other developer components. Thus, the basic component may be included in the gel, and the acid component included in the latex.

Abstract: Electrophotographic developer compositions containing carrier, toner and special purpose additives such as flow promoters, dry lubricants and the like are prepared by coating carrier particles with a coating selected so that the triboelectric relationship between the surface of the carrier and the surface of the additive is substantially zero.

Abstract: An electrostatic photographic method for reversal development using a magnetic brush, with the magnetic brush and photoconductive drum being grounded, and with the development being performed using a dry reversal developer comprising 100 parts by weight of a carrier having ferromagnetic properties and 1 to 10 parts by weight of a toner having a volume specific resistance falling within the range between 3.5.times.10.sup.9 and 1.times.10.sup.11 .OMEGA.-cm.

Abstract: There is disclosed an aqueous composition for removing or reducing the intensity of dyes in dye transfers and the intensity of dyes used by photo retouchers on transparencies and color prints. The composition comprises, per 100 parts by weight of water, from about 1 to about 10 parts by weight of a thiourea and from about 5 to about 20 parts by weight of an ammonium nitrate compound. Application of this composition to dye transfers and/or to dyes used by photo retouchers on transparencies and color prints proportionally removes magenta, cyan and yellow dyes therefrom.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for developing magnetic latent image, wherein a toner bearing member holding thereon a magnetic toner having an electric charge in a particular polarity is brought closer to a magnetic latent image bearing member, and an alternating electric field is acted across the magnetic latent image bearing member and the toner bearing member to cause the toner to reciprocate between these members to visualize the magnetic latent image by the magnetic force of attraction.

Abstract: A motion picture film having a plurality of digitally coded soundtracks which are colorless and transparent to visible light and which fluoresce when exposed to ultraviolet light, unexposed film for providing the product, and the method for producing the product and methods for producing the exposed and unexposed films. The soundtrack images which overlie at least a portion of the visible image area of the film are digitally coded on the film using an electrostatic imaging system to imprint a fluorescent toner. The toner may comprise a fluorescent polymer having covalently bonded 3-phenyl-7-(amido or imido)-coumarin or certain substituted stilbene or N-alkyl-4-aminonaphalimides.

Abstract: A photoconductive layer is produced upon a substrate by coating the substrate with a solution in an organic solvent of a polyamic acid and of 2,4,7-trinitro-9-fluorenone (TNF) and/or 2,4,5,7-tetranitro-9-fluorenone and heating the coated substrate at a temperature not exceeding 150.degree. C. to form on the substrate a polyimide coating containing the said fluorenone compound as a photosensitizer.

Abstract: An apparatus for fixing powder images to a receptor to provide low gloss copies is provided. The apparatus comprises first and second contacting pressure members that have skewed longitudinal axes with respect to each other. The first pressure member contacts the imaged surface of a receptor and comprises an irregular, non-compliant surface comprising a plurality of randomly sized domed projections. The second pressure member contacts the unimaged surface of a receptor and comprises a compliant surface.

Abstract: A photosensitive material for electrophotography having an improved photosensitivity is provided, which comprises copper phthalocyanine as a photoconductor, 2,5-bis(4'-diethylaminophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole as a charge transport material and a binder resin in which said photoconductor and charge transport material are dispersed. The content of the binder resin is 50 to 70% by weight based on the total amount of the photosensitive material and the weight ratio of copper phthalocyanine to 2,5-bis(4'-diethylaminophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole is in the range of from 2.5 to 6.5.

Abstract: A method of electrically transferring an image deposit formed of liquid dispersed electroscopic toner particles from an image-bearing photoconductor surface of a recording member to the surface of an image-receiving member in which an electrical transfer bias voltage is applied through the interface between the said surfaces in a direction normal to the said surfaces, and in which the said electrical transfer bias voltage is applied intermittently by successive pulses of opposite polarity and with successively increasing voltage, with the final pulse of an electrical polarity and magnitude to transfer the said imaging material to the said receiving member.

Abstract: A process for electrophotographic reproduction, and a layered electrophotographic plate having a conventional charge generation layer and a p-type hydrazone containing charge transport layer, in which the surface of the charge transport layer is selectively discharged by actinic radiation as a result of the migration through the transport layer of charges generated in the charge generation layer as a result of the actinic radiation and injected into the transport layer, the hydrazone having the composition p-diethylaminobenzaldehyde-(diphenylhydrazone), i.e., ##STR1## and the charge transport layer including DEASP or Acetosol Yellow in an amount not exceeding 13 wt. % of the hydrazone.

Abstract: A multilayer printed circuit board structure and a method for generating artwork masters for the manufacture thereof. The multilayer board comprises universal internal layers of predefined circuit patterns. The internal layers include power and ground planes, and for boards having high component and circuit density, one or two signal crossover layers with short, equal-length runs oriented transversely to the runs of an adjacent outermost signal layer. Electrical interconnections between layers of the circuit board are effected by interlayer conductors such as pins or plated-through holes at predefined locations. The artwork masters for the outermost layers are generated utilizing two degrees of layout precision. A universal layout master having interconnection pads and parallel circuit runs extending across the entire surface of the board is first prepared using a high degree of precision.

Abstract: An electrophotographic light-sensitive element and process for the production thereof are described, wherein the element comprises an electrically conductive support coated with a photoconductive layer composed of a silicon- and carbon-based amorphous material doped with hydrogen and fluorine.