Abstract: In an apparatus for process analysis, a test substance is removed from the process stream by a probe and fed to an analysis instrument with a measured value display. Upstream of the analysis instrument, the test gas is conveyed through condensers. A monitoring unit is coupled to the analysis instruments and the processing chain without influencing the flow of data from the analysis instrument to the measured value display. The monitoring unit receives information about the entire apparatus via status sensors which are incorporated into the processing chain and into the analysis instrument. Depending on this information, the monitoring unit can intervene via solenoid valves, switches and motor potentiometers into the apparatus and alter its operation. The condition of the apparatus can also be displayed.

Abstract: The ratio of extrinsic selenium and extrinsic molybdenum of a formation sample is used to characterize the area from which the sample has been taken as an exterior or an interior area of the formation with respect to a uraniferous roll-front location.

Abstract: Acetylenic compounds such as 2,6-hexadiyn-1,6-diol-bis(p-phenylazophenylsulfonate) having a conjugated acetylenic portion capable of polymerization on exposure to actinic radiation and thermal annealing and a chromophoric portion. The color of the chromophoric portion provides a background for distinguishing color variations in the initial polymerization of conjugated acetylenic moieties.

Abstract: An automatic chemical analyzing apparatus comprising means for feeding successive reaction vessels along a circular reaction line, a sample delivery pump for delivering a given amount of sample liquids to be tested into the reaction vessels, a reagent delivery pump for delivering a given amount of reagent (corresponding to a particular test item to be measured) selected from a plurality of reagents, a first photometering means provided along the circular reaction line for monitoring the reaction condition of a test liquid in the reaction vessel on the reaction line, a second photometering means arranged in a precise photometering section positioned underneath the reaction line, means for transporting the reaction vessel from the reaction line into the precise photometering section after the test liquid in the relevant vessel has been monitored to reach a given reaction condition.

Abstract: A sample applicator comprising a holder and an applicator blade of porous material formed as a rectangular plate and mounted to an end of holder, the sample applicator being arranged to apply a sample onto a film by making the applicator blade absorb the sample and, then, pushing the applicator blade onto the film.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for control of a reaction system in which a plurality of feedstock-containing streams are combined to form a total reactor feed stream, the desired ratio of relative reactant concentrations and the total flow of feed material to a reaction zone are controlled in response to a total production rate set point signal and a reactant concentration set point signal. In addition, the temperature of material introduced into one or more reaction zones can be controlled in response to a conversion rate set point signal. The recycle flow of effluent around a reaction zone can also be controlled in response to a residence time set point signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to an instrument for chemi- or bioluminescent analysis of the concentration of a constituent of a sample gas (G.sub.1) which in a reaction chamber (C) reacts with a liquid reagent (R.sub.1) in a luminescent manner. The liquid reagent (R.sub.1) is ejected into the reaction chamber (C) by ejection means. The sample gas (G.sub.1) can be used as propellant in the ejection means (E) sucking the liquid reagent (R.sub.1) into the propellant and as an aerosol be sprayed into the reaction chamber. Carefully mixed with the sample gas, it generates chemiluminescent radiation (L.sub.1, L.sub.2) in the field of view of a photodetector (D). The propellant (G.sub.1) can also be prepared so that either heating or cooling occurs on expansion in the reaction chamber (C). By providing walls of the reaction chamber with reflecting layers, the main portion of the luminescent radiation reaches the detector (D).

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus for control of a multi-pass pyrolysis furnace, e.g. for the pyrolysis of hydrocarbon feed to produce an effluent with a high ethylene content is disclosed. The method which is suitable for computer control involves the analysis of the effluent from each pass and controlling pyrolysis conditions in each pass in response to the analysis of the output from that pass. Improved optimization is possible over methods which depend on average analysis from several passes because of the wide variations which occur in cracking conditions in several passes.

Abstract: An automated chemical testing apparatus which includes a continuous flow front end portion and a discrete flow back end portion. Also provided is a collecting means for separately collecting these sample segments and the intersample segments, means for analyzing these sample segments, and a waste collection means for collecting waste fluids.

Abstract: A method for producing graphic or mathematical boundary information, in the form of graphs and the like, and the use of such information, for more accurately predicting the acidity and alkalinity of water drainage from rock types which may be subjected to weathering conditions in earth moving operations.Selected rock samples of particular rock types collected from a geographic location of interest are subjected to oxidation and leaching for a predetermined period of time to simulate natural weathering conditions to which the rock types may be exposed. The leachates from each rock sample are chemically analyzed by titration with standard acid and base solutions to selected end points to obtain their acidity or alkalinity concentrations, and these concentrations are differentiated for the particular rock sample to obtain a net acidity or alkalinity value for the rock sample.

Abstract: A level sensor of a fluid transfer mechanism for determining when the bottom tip of a fluid aspirating probe touches or contacts the top surface of a sample fluid. The level sensor senses the contact capacitively by grounding one plate of a capacitor through the sample fluid and fluid aspirating probe. One capacitor plate is formed of an electrode biased against the bottom of a rotatable supply tray and positioned under a sample containing cavity in the tray. The other capacitor plate is formed by the bottom surface of the sample fluid in the supply cavity, and the dielectric of the capacitor is formed of the supply tray material. An AC signal is applied to the electrode and the probe is grounded. The change in voltage occurring in the AC signal at the electrode when the probe touches the top surface of the sample fluid it is sensed to provide the touch signal.

Abstract: A vertically and horizontally movable arm structure for fluid transfer is provided with a tubular member for linear oscillation of a holder for a fluid probe; the tubular member can additionally form a conduit for lead wire connected to the fluid probe. Sensors for the vertical position of the arm and the conductor leads from the sensors can be separately mounted and routed so that the sensor leads do not kink or interfere with the motion of the arm.

Abstract: Analysis apparatus with flexible multi-analysis capability, suitable for example for biochemical constituent analysis, has a single channel of reaction vessels arranged to receive reagents from any of a battery of reagent reservoirs and has photometer elements from measuring the reaction in each reaction vessel on a repetitive sequential basis. Control elements select the sample liquid delivered to each reaction vessel, select the reagents added thereto, and select the data processing for the photometer or other measurement information secured for reactants in that reaction vessel. The photometer elements apply and detect optical energy along selected directions to provide any of several photometric measurements, including for example of colorimetry, fluorometry, or nephelometry.

Abstract: A sample of whole blood is stained with an acridine orange reagent, and is analyzed rapidly, a cell at a time, in a flow cytometry system having a sample stream dimension in the range of expected red cell dimensions. Red florescence and forward scatter data is utilized first to discriminate a cell from noise, and then to distinguish platelets from reticulocytes and red cells. The red cell and reticulocyte data is subjected to a correction such as rotational coordinate shift, and the shifted data are, by means of statistical procedures, utilized to determine threshold criteria separating red cells from reticulocytes, and to enumerate the cells on that basis.

Abstract: A flue gas analyzer including a probe module to condense water vapor, a sampling module, and a titration module including an SO.sub.2 scrubber, a thermal oxidation device and a coulometric titrator.

Abstract: A carbon monoxide detection apparatus and process are disclosed in which the amount of carbon monoxide is measured by oxidizing it and measuring the heat of oxidation. To accomplish this platinum oxide is used as the catalyst and an operating temperature is maintained at which oxidation of carbon monoxide occurs in the presence of platinum oxide. Various types of heat-change-responsive techniques are disclosed, including measurement of the voltage drop across forward-biased solid-state diodes, and measurement of the voltage generated by thermo-couples.

Abstract: A hydrogen detector comprised of a substrate supporting an electrically conducting base metal film, an electrically conducting top film of metal able to dissociate hydrogen into atomic form, a polycrystalline film of titanium dioxide sandwiched between the base and top films, the polycrystalline titanium dioxide film electrically insulating the base film from said top film, the base film being in electrical contact with the titanium dioxide film, an insulating layer electrically insulating said titanium dioxide film from said top film except for a predetermined surface portion thereof in electrical contact with said top film, said predetermined electrically contacting portion being at least sufficiently large to produce a measurable electrical conductance, said top and base films being connected to an external circuit to measure conductance, the electrical conductivity of said hydrogen detector varying with the concentration of hydrogen in the atmosphere surrounding it.

Abstract: A hydrogen detector comprised of a substrate supporting an electrically conducting base metal film, an upper electrically conducting duffusion barrier metal film, a polycrystalline film of titanium dioxide sandwiched between the base and diffusion barrier films, said polycrystalline titanium dioxide film electrically insulating the base film from said diffusion barrier film, the base film being in electrical contact with the titanium dioxide film, an insulating layer electrically insulating said titanium dioxide film from said diffusion barrier film except for a predetermined surface portion thereof in electrical contact with said diffusion barrier film, said predetermined electrically contacting portion being at least sufficiently large to produce a measurable electrical conductance, an electrically conducting or non-conducting catalytic top film of metal able to dissociate hydrogen into its atomic form in electrical contact with said diffusion barrier film and at least substantially coextensive with said ba

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for examining substances by subjecting them to a gravitational field while measuring the electrical effect derived from any resulting charge orientation. A centrifuge is preferably employed to give high g forces and an electrode system is used to provide an output signal. The output signal can be plotted against changing g forces to give a gravitational spectrum analysis graph. An apparatus for using such method is also described. Said apparatus comprises a direct or capacitive electrode system with one or more electrodes made of noble metal.

Abstract: A liquid handling system that is particularly useful in a clinical analysis system and includes first and second storage chambers, each with a port through which liquid may be flowed into and from the storage chamber. The storage chambers and their ports are arranged to permit concurrent flowing of liquids from both storage chambers into a processing chamber. The system also includes two liquid metering means and a diluent reservoir. A valve arrangement enables connection of one of the metering means to the diluent reservoir and to either of the storage chambers; and each metering means, when connected to a storage chamber, controls flow of liquid into and out of the storage chamber through its port. The two metering means and the valve arrangement provide flexibility in selecting dilution ratios and delivering raw and diluted sample as required to an array of chambers for analysis or other processing.