Abstract: A process is provided which is useful in alleviating inflammation of tendons and/or joints in a patient in need of such treatment. The process comprises administering a vasodilator to the inflamed tissue, either topically or by injection. Advantageously, the vasodilator is papaverine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof such as papaverine hydrochloride. Advantageously, the papaverine hydrochloride may be administered topically in a composition comprising a carrier. The carrier dissolves the papaverine hydrochloride and enables it to penetrate the skin and be absorbed into the inflamed tissue.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel method of vasodilator therapy for treating a patient suffering from a condition, comprising long term, continuous administration of an organic nitrite to a patient suffering from the condition in a dosage form capable of delivering a sufficient therapeutic amount of nitrite to the blood stream of the patent thereby providing effective vasodilator therapy for at least 24 hours without development of tolerance in the patient. The method of the invention is useful in treating conditions such as, for example, angina, particularly chronic, stable angina pectoris, ischemic diseases, congestive heart failure, for controlling hypertension and/or impotence in male patients.Any conventional drug delivery system can be employed in carrying out the method of the invention. The drug delivery system can take virtually as many different forms as there are dosage forms available for delivery of nitrite to a patient.

Abstract: There are disclosed the use of the compounds of the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is 1-adamantyl, 3-methyl-1-adamantyl, 3-noradamantyl, unsubstituted or substituted-2-indolyl, 3-indolyl, 2-benzofuranyl or 3-benzofuranyl wherein the substituents are selected from lower alkyl, lower alkoxy and halo; R.sup.2 is unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, benzyl, or pyrimidinyl wherein the substituents are selected from lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, trifluoromethyl and halo; R.sup.3 is H or lower alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms; n is the integer 0 or 1; and m is the integer from 2 to 5 and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of compounds of the general formula (I) ##STR1## and physiologically acceptable salts and solvates thereof, in which Im represents an imidazolyl group of formula: ##STR2## and R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a group selected from C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.3-6 alkenyl, C.sub.3-10 alkynyl, C.sub.3-7 cycloalkyl, C.sub.3-7 cycloalkylC.sub.1-4 alkyl, phenyl, phenylC.sub.1-3 alkyl, phenylmethoxymethyl, phenoxyethyl, phenoxymethyl, --CO.sub.2 R.sup.5, --COR.sup.5, --CONR.sup.5 R.sup.6 or --SO.sub.2 R.sup.5 (wherein R.sup.5 and R.sup.6, which may be the same or different each represents a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1-6 alkyl or C.sub.3-7 cycloalkyl group, or a phenyl or phenylC.sub.1-4 alkyl group, in which the phenyl group is optionally substituted by one or more C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy or hydroxy groups or halogen atoms, with the proviso that R.sup.5 does not represent a hydrogen atom when R.sup.1 represents a group --CO.sub.2 R.sup.5 or --SO.sub.2 R.sup.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of renin inhibitors and to renin inhibitor compositions for prevention, treatment, inhibition or reversal of renal dysfunction or disease, especially renal failure.

Abstract: Patients suffering from neurodegenerative diseases are treated by administering an effective amount of certain anabasine compounds, certain unsaturated anabasine compounds or unsaturated nicotine compounds. Exemplary compounds are myosmine and anatabine.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of treating a mammal having a condition associated with formation of amyloidogenic protein without deposition of amyloid plaques. This treatment includes administering to the mammal a pharmacologically effective amount of Congo Red or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivative thereof to interfere with amyloidogenic protein formation or to destabilize amyloidogenic protein structures already formed in said mammal. The invention also provides a method of treating a mammal having a condition associated with deposition of amyloidogenic protein in plaques, and a method of inhibiting the transformation of PrP-sen to PrP-res in a tissue culture sample containing PrP-sen.

Abstract: The present invention provides a chemical class of active compounds to be used as efficacious drugs in the treatment of sickle cell disease. The active compounds include imidazole derivatives, nitroimidazole derivatives, and triazole derivatives. These compounds are to be administered by any preferred route of administration including oral, intramuscular, intravenous, and any other parenteral route. If desired, these drugs may also be administered transmucosally, or subcutaneously, or using a dermal patch on the skin. In addition, the methodology is effective for both long term and short term therapy; may be employed prophylactically and/or therapeutically; and may be used in emergency, acute crisis clinical situations.

Abstract: The invention provides use of a 5HT-3 antagonist in the manufacture of a medicament suitable for the prevention or reduction of dependence on a dependence-inducing agent.

Abstract: Inhibitors of nitric acid synthase can be used to prevent neurotoxicity mediated through glutamate receptors. Nitric oxide synthase inhibitors can be used therapeutically in the treatment of vascular stroke and neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease.

Abstract: The present invention discloses improved methods for the treatment of autoimmune diseases using .beta.-adrenergic agonists, and particularly, .beta..sub.2 -adrenergic agonists. The treatment of animals with either EAE or EAN using the .beta..sub.2 -adrenergic agonist terbutaline significantly suppressed clinical disease. A Phase I safety treatment trial with terbutaline was conducted in MS patients. Twenty-four patients were treated for 4 weeks. No obvious side effects were observed. At 4 weeks, 15 of the 24 patients improved on neurologic rating scale and 17 patients reported subjective improvement. Treatment of rats with EAMG, an animal model of tThe government may own rights in the present invention pursuant to NIH grants 2 RO1 NS18413-07A1 and PO1NS-24575-03.

Abstract: A compound of the structure ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each, independently, hydrogen or --CONHSO.sub.2 --Ar; andAr is phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, quinoxalyl, thienyl, thionaphthyl, furyl, benzofuryl, benzodioxyl, benzoxazolyl, benzoisoxazolyl, or benzodioxolyl; wherein the Ar group may be optionally mono-, di-, or tri-substituted; with the proviso that R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are not both hydrogen;or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof which by virtue of its immunosuppressive activity is useful in treating transplantation rejection, host vs. graft disease, autoimmune diseases and diseases of inflammation; by virtue of its antitumor activity is useful in treating solid tumors; and by virtue of its antifungal activity is useful in treating fungal infections.

Abstract: The treatment of viral infections with a lithium salt and one of cytarabine or idoxuridine.

Abstract: A method for preventing acetaminophen toxicity in a mammal is provided. An acetaminophen toxicity inhibiting amount of beta-carotene is administered before, simultaneously with, after, or any combination thereof, administering acetaminophen to the mammal. Methods for reducing acetaminophen toxicity in a mammal in need of such treatment and for increasing the maximum amount of acetaminophen that can be administered to a mammal without the mammal exhibiting acetaminophen toxicity are also provided. Acetaminophen toxicity reducing amounts and acetaminophen toxicity preventing amounts, respectively, are administered. In another embodiment, a non-steroidal analgesic and anti-inflammatory composition of acetaminophen and an acetaminophen toxicity preventing amount of beta-carotene is provided.

Abstract: Novel 4-phenyl-1,3-benzodiazepines and 2-amino-.alpha.-phenylphenethylamines, novel intermediates thereof, and methods of preparing same are described. These benzodiazepines are useful as antidepressants, analgetics and anticonvulsants. The 2-amino-.alpha.-phenylphenethylamines are useful as anticonvulsant and neuroprotective agents.

Abstract: The invention concerns compounds having formula: ##STR1## or a salt thereof, wherein E represents hydrogen, lower alkyl or a group Ar.sup.1 --A.sup.1 --; Ar and Ar.sup.1 are the same or different aryl groups (including heteroaryl) which are optionally substituted, e.g. by one or more substituents commonly used in pharmaceutical chemistry; A and A.sup.1 are the same or different alkylene groups having one or two carbon atoms linking Ar or Ar.sup.1 to N and optionally substituted by lower alkyl and/or optionally substituted aryl, B is an alkylene group of 3 or 4 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by lower alkyl; D.sup.1 represents halogen, CH.sub.3, CR.sup.1 R.sup.2 NH.sub.2, SO.sub.3 H or SO.sub.2 NR.sup.6 R.sup.7 where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl and R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are each hydrogen, lower alkyl or aralkyl of 7 to 12 carbon atoms or R.sup.6 and R.sup.

Abstract: A composition is described for use in memory and learning enhancement or for treatment of a cognitive disorder or a psychotic disorder. This composition contains the compound D-cycloserine and D-alanine and provides reduced adverse side effects typically associated with chronic D-cycloserine use.

Abstract: This invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions for use in the treatment of pain and inflammation and the treatment of muscle spasms and associated pain, soreness and tightness of muscles in mammalian organism, said composition comprising:(i) an analgesically and anti-inflammatory effective amount of (S)-ibuprofen, or a salt thereof, substantially free of (R)-ibuprofen; and(ii) an amount effective in the treatment of muscle spasms of at least one of the muscle relaxants, or a therapeutically active stereoisomer thereof, substantially free of its other stereoisomers.

Abstract: A composition for treating pain, which contains dibucaine, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of salicylic acid, calcium bromide, and antiphlogistic steroid(s) as active ingredients; and a method for reducing pain, which comprises injecting said composition into the location of pain. Further, the present invention provides a composition containing antiphlogistic steroid as an active ingredient, which is for reinforcing pain relief action of a composition containing dibucaine, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of salicylic acid, and calcium bromide; and a novel use of antiphlogistic steroid in the treatment of pain.

Abstract: A stable oil-in-water type emulsified composition, which comprises a stable non-steroidal antiphlogistic and analgesic drug by using a combination of a monoalkylglyceryl ether, particularly an ether compound having a C.sub.12-22 alkyl group in the alkyl moiety and a hydrophilic surface-active agent.In particular, when the drug is in the form of salts, the stability of the composition can be increased thereof by adding an ion consisting of HSO.sub.3 -, SO.sub.3 -- or S.sub.2 O.sub.5 --.