Abstract: Turn caps for airfoils of gas turbine engines having a first pressure-side turn passage extending from a respective inlet to a respective outlet within the turn cap, a first suction-side turn passage extending from a respective inlet to a respective outlet within the turn cap, and a merging chamber fluidly connected to the outlets of the first pressure-side turn passage and the first suction-side turn passage, wherein each of the first suction-side turn passage and the first pressure-side turn passage turn a direction of fluid flow from a first direction to a second direction such that a fluid flow exiting the first suction-side turn passage and the first pressure-side turn passage are aligned when entering the merging chamber.

Abstract: An exhaust valve rocker arm assembly operable in a combustion engine mode and an engine braking mode includes: a rocker shaft defining a pressurized oil supply conduit; a rocker arm that receives the rocker shaft and rotates around the rocker shaft, the rocker arm having an oil supply passage therein; a valve bridge that engages a first exhaust valve at a first foot and a second exhaust valve at a second foot; and a capsule assembly disposed on the rocker arm having a capsule body that moves between first and second capsule positions, wherein, in the first capsule position, the capsule body is in a retracted position in the rocker arm offset from the valve bridge, wherein, in the second capsule position, the capsule body extends rigidly for cooperative engagement with the valve bridge.

Abstract: A water-cooled EGR cooler apparatus may include tubes in which gas passage is formed, and a tube bonded portion that internally and externally seals is provided, pins disposed at the gas passage of the tubes, and of which one surface contact and are bonded with the tube bonded portion, and supporters disposed between the tubes to form coolant passages and of which one surface contact and are bonded with the tube bonded portion.

Abstract: A exhaust gas recirculation apparatus includes a throttle body; an intake manifold configured to distribute intake air to each intake port in an engine; an adapter member including a through channel capable of guiding the intake air to the intake manifold from the throttle body; and a gas supply path capable of guiding part of exhaust gas to an intake system from an exhaust system. The adapter member includes an inlet port, a discharge port, and a coupling channel. A first opening is wider than a second opening when the discharge port is divided into the first opening and the second opening at an imaginary plane, serving as a boundary, which includes a center line of a valve shaft and which extends along an extending-through direction of the through channel.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a crankcase including a crankshaft and at least one cylinder coupled to the crankcase. The at least one cylinder has an intake port and defines an internal combustion chamber. The engine further includes a throttle body assembly with a throttle valve coupled to the intake port of the at least one cylinder and a throttle plate. Additionally, the engine includes a supplementary air inlet fluidly coupled to the intake port and spaced apart from the throttle valve. The supplementary air inlet is configured to receive a flow of air from a location downstream of the throttle plate when the throttle plate is in a fully closed position and the flow of air is directed into the combustion chamber through the intake port for combustion therein.

Abstract: A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine that includes an EGR channel and an EGR valve is configured, when the internal combustion engine is in a warm-up process and when an intake air flow rate that is a flow rate of air supplied to the internal combustion engine main body is less than or equal to a predetermined value, to open the EGR valve with a minute opening degree that is an opening degree smaller than a minimum opening degree of the EGR valve with which a condensed water in an exhaust-channel-side portion that is a portion of the EGR channel on a side closer to the exhaust channel relative to the EGR valve flows into an intake-channel-side portion that is a portion of the EGR channel on a side closer to the intake channel relative to the EGR valve.

Abstract: An outer wall surface of an output end portion includes a pair of first plane surfaces which are formed at different positions in its circumferential direction. An inner wall surface of a fitting hole includes a pair of second plane surfaces which are formed at different positions in the circumferential direction. A clearance between one of the pair of first plane surfaces and one of the pair of second plane surfaces is made larger from one side toward the other side in an axial direction in a state that a rotary shaft and an impeller are concentric with each other.

Abstract: Systems and methods for operating an engine with deactivating and non-deactivating valves are presented. In one example, a position of an engine air intake throttle is adjusted during cylinder deactivation to control intake manifold pressure for cylinder reactivation. Closing of the throttle may be timed based on an actual total number of cylinder induction events expected to provide a desired engine intake manifold pressure.

Abstract: The pressure of the fuel is increased at a constant pressure intensification ratio after operating the pressure reducing device so that the pressure difference between the fuel passage and the control chamber after the operation has a value smaller than the predetermined pressure difference, if the required pressure of the fuel is higher than a reference pressure and lower than a pressure obtained by multiplying the reference pressure by a constant pressure intensification ratio.

Abstract: A throttle control assembly which includes a throttle body housing, an adapter integrally formed with the throttle body housing, a housing portion being part of the adapter, and a central port which extends through the throttle body housing and the adapter. A first groove is integrally formed as part of the adapter, a second groove is integrally formed as part of the throttle body housing, and a rib portion disposed between the first groove and the second groove. The rib portion is formed as part of the adapter, and an anti-rotation feature is integrally formed with the throttle body housing. The anti-rotation feature is integrally formed with the throttle body housing during a molding process. The anti-rotation feature may be formed in different locations on the outer surface of the housing, allowing the throttle body assembly to be suitable for various applications having different design and packaging requirements.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a method for operating including, determining, using an accelerator pedal position sensor, an operator request for power and determining an engine operating point based upon the operator request for power. A motored-cylinder temperature is determined based upon the engine operating point, and a knock-limited combustion phasing point is determined based upon the motored-cylinder temperature and the engine operating point. Engine operating parameters associated with achieving the knock-limited combustion phasing point are selected. Operation includes controlling, by a controller, engine control states in response to the engine operating parameters associated with achieving the knock-limited combustion phasing point and the operator request for power.

Abstract: A direct fuel injection internal combustion engine having an injector for directly injecting fuel into a combustion chamber thereof is provided. The engine is configured so that a tumble flow is generated in the combustion chamber. A fuel injection by the injector can be performed in a first injection mode and a second injection mode, the first injection mode being a mode in which the fuel injection is completed after the tumble flow is generated, and the second injection mode being a mode in which the fuel injection is completed before the tumble flow is generated. The fuel injection of the first injection mode is performed before completion of the warming-up of the engine, and the fuel injection of the second injection mode is performed after completion of the warming-up of the engine.

Abstract: In certain embodiments, a unique method and pre-combustion chamber (PCC) structure may ensure very efficient flame propagation of lean fuel-air mixture in natural gas engines by reducing the amount of fuel admitted to the PCC. A PCC may include an enclosed volume of 1-3% of the main combustion chamber volume, with a spark plug and a fuel passage located opposite one or more PCC discharge nozzles to create a relatively richer fuel-air mixture with relatively lower turbulence in the spark plug region and a relatively leaner fuel-air mixture with relatively high turbulence in the nozzle region, which can be reliably and efficiently ignited, resulting in a high velocity flame jet/torch emerging from the prechamber into the main chamber. The PCC may be threaded with a 22 mm×1.5 or ??-18 thread size, to allow the PCC to be screwed into a cylinder head in place of a spark plug.

Abstract: An engine includes a fuel injector. The fuel injector includes a valve body and an electromagnetic part that moves by energizing the valve body from a valve-closed position to a valve-open position. The fuel injector injects fuel when the valve body is moved to the valve-open position. In fuel injection, an ECU feeds a pre-charge current smaller than a current for operating the valve body, to the electromagnetic part in a pre-charge period at the beginning of a start of energization, and subsequently feeds a drive current for operating the valve body, to the electromagnetic part. Further, the ECU acquires a current change parameter as a parameter correlated with a speed of a rising change in drive current, and controls the feed of the pre-charge current to the electromagnetic part of the fuel injector, based on the acquired current change parameter.

Abstract: A drive current applied to a coil is reduced from a time at which a first collision signal indicating collision of a movable core with a valve element is input to a time at which a second collision signal indicating collision of the movable core with a stationary core is input.

Abstract: The invention, while reducing noise, suppresses a load increase in a processor and a delay in drive control. An engine control unit includes a processor, a driving circuit including a switching element to drive a load such as a fuel injector and an ignition device, and a communication circuit that transmits control signals from the processor to the driving circuit via serial communication. The control signals each include a command frame for controlling the driving circuit and a data frame for driving the load. If a predetermined bits in each of the data frames received from the processor at predetermined time intervals are determined to be the same twice in succession, the engine control unit changes a state of a driving signal ‘Drive’ for driving the load and thereby changes an operating state of the switching element.

Abstract: A method of calculating an angular position of a crankshaft at the occurrence of a fuel injection event includes integrating a first polynomial function, and integrating a second polynomial function. The integrated second polynomial function is then divided by the integrated first polynomial function to calculate the angular position of the crankshaft at the occurrence of the fuel injection event. The calculated angular position of the crankshaft at the occurrence of the fuel injection event may then be correlated to an absolute angular position of the crankshaft, relative to a Top Dead Center position of the crankshaft. The calculated angular position of the crankshaft at the occurrence of the fuel injection event may be used to adjust the injection timing of future fuel injection events.

Abstract: Disclosed is an exemplary method for optimizing vehicle performance. The method includes determining an optimized drive torque for maximizing vehicle fuel economy and detecting a driver requested drive torque. A determination is made on whether the driver requested drive torque is performance related or safety related. The arbitrated drive torque is set to the optimized drive torque when it is determined that the driver requested drive torque is not performance and safety related. The arbitrated drive torque is set to the driver requested drive torque when it is determined that the driver requested drive torque is either performance or safety related.

Abstract: Disclosed is a homogeneous charge compression ignition and diffusion compression ignition combined ignition control method for low-octane gasoline, using a diffusion compression ignition control mode as a forced ignition measure, to ignite a premixed homogeneous lean oil and gas mixture, and meanwhile to achieve homogeneous charge compression ignition of the oil and gas mixture. During an intake stroke, a fuel is partially injected into the cylinder or an intake manifold, to form a low-concentrated, homogeneous, premixed oil and gas mixture. Before the piston reaches a top dead center during the compression stroke, the remaining part of fuel is injected into the cylinder, diffuses in the air, and spontaneously ignites, thus achieving diffusion compression ignition. A flame is generated in the diffusion compression ignition, and ignites the premixed oil and gas mixture in the cylinder, to achieve ignition and combustion of the homogeneous lean fuel.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to internal combustion engines in general and may be applied to a high pressure pump for a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine. In some embodiments, the pump includes: a pump housing including a piston guide and a plunger guide bore; a piston for compressing a fuel, the piston guided in the piston guide; and a roller plunger including a plunger skirt and a roller, the roller plunger transferring a translational movement from a cam of a camshaft driven by the internal combustion engine to the piston. The plunger skirt may include an outer region directed away from the roller and symmetrical about a plane of symmetry and an overall mass distributed asymmetrically about the plane of symmetry.