Abstract: In a frame-switched network, a sender sends frames to a receiver over a possibly unreliable channel. Sent frames include frame identifiers that can be used for a limited automatic repeat request. Upon receipt of a frame, the receiver determines, from the frame identifier, if frames prior to the received frame were lost in transit. If the receiver determines that it missed a prior frame, the receiver sends the sender a negative acknowledgment (nack) for the missed prior frame or frames. Otherwise, if the receiver receives a frame correctly, it does not acknowledge the frame. The frame identifiers can be a set of sequential integers with frames transmitted in sequential frame order. In some embodiments, when a receiver receives a frame out of order, the receiver buffers the out of order frame in a receiver buffer for a receive buffer period until preceding frames are received or a receive buffer period expires.

Abstract: A base station for use in a CDMA mobile radio communication system utilizes a combined angular, spatial, and temporal diversity antenna architecture to improve reverse link gain and coverage. The architecture is formed from a first and second diversity narrow beamwidth antenna element arranged to receive CDMA signals from a predetermined geographic coverage area. Each antenna element is oriented so that respective peak boresights form a 45 to 60° angle with respect to each other, and are slanted 22.5 to 30° with respect to a sector boresight. The first and second antenna elements are separated in distance by at least 10 wavelengths. A time delay can be connected to the outputs of the antenna elements to provide temporal diversity by delaying received signals by a predetermined period of time. A max ratio signal combiner continuously provides the best total input signal for a base station receiver.

Abstract: A temporary multimedia ELAN is formed on top of one or more existing ELANs between those end-stations (121-1, 121-2, 111-1) participating in a multimedia session, such as a video conference, at the time of initiating the session. At the end of the session the temporary ELAN is torn down. When the temporary ELAN is created an available LAN Emulation Server (LES) (241) and an available Broadcast and Unknown Server (BUS) (243) are allocated to serve those end-stations participating in the multimedia session. The BUS also serves as a multicast server to multicast a multimedia stream from one end-station to each other end-station on the temporary ELAN. The initiator of a session accesses a Multimedia Session Manager (401), which oversees and manages the session and coordinates the necessary resources.