Abstract: An agitated bed drying apparatus (20) for particulate material (152) is provided which includes a housing (22) having an elongated, essentially imperforate, flexible bed (24) therein adapted to receive the material (152). An agitator assembly (26) made up of a series of rotatable beater bar units (70) is located below the bed (24) and oriented for repeatedly impacting the bed (24) to establish an undulating bed movement for elevation and tumbling of the particulate material (152). An infrared heating unit array (28) is located above the bed (24) so as to expose the particulate material (152) to IR radiation for most effective drying thereof. Alternately, the bed (24) may be in the form of a length of material (58) mounted in tension and against translation within housing (24), or as a continuous belt (136).

Abstract: A drying unit in a dryer section of a paper or board machine including a drying wire guided in a loop, a large-diameter impingement-drying and/or through-drying cylinder arranged inside the drying-wire loop and smaller diameter smooth-faced heated contact-drying cylinders arranged on top of the large cylinder and/or in the vicinity thereof and at both sides thereof. The impingement-drying and/or through-drying cylinder is placed in a space below the floor level of the paper machine hall and provided with an openable and closable blow hood so that the removal of broke out of connection with the hood takes place substantially by the force of gravity. The central axes of the contact-drying cylinders placed in the vicinity of the large cylinder are placed in the vicinity of, or above, the floor level of the paper machine hall. A curve sector of the paper web on the outer face of the drying wire over the large cylinder greater than about 180.degree..

Abstract: The invention is directed to an electrically powered device for the treatment of hair, in particular for the styling and/or drying of hair. This device is equipped with a first adapter element, for example, a plug-and-socket element, for connecting, in particular electrically, the device with an additional electrically powered device for the treatment of hair, which includes a second adapter element. In this arrangement, the first and second adapter elements include differentiating elements, in particular geometrical differentiating features, which are designed such that exclusively two devices equipped with corresponding differentiating elements are connectable with each other. The two connectable devices may be a hair dryer and an additional implement for a hair dryer, for example.

Abstract: A machine is proposed for the production of a material sheet, in particular a paper or cardboard sheet, with a dryer section which exhibits at least one double-row dryer group consisting of two rows of heated dryer cylinders, each of which has been assigned a transport belt circulating in a meandering fashion around the dryer cylinders of one row and the deflection rolls assigned to the dryer cylinders, thereby pressing the material sheet against the surface of the dryer cylinders, and having a drive mechanism consisting of at least one motor assigned to each row of dryer cylinders of a double-row dryer group, which causes a rotation of the dryer cylinders and deflection rolls as well as a circulation of the transport belts of the dryer section, in which the drive mechanism is designed such that the rotational speed of the two rows of dryer cylinders within the double-row dryer group can be regulated independently of one another.

Abstract: A dry end of a paper machine and a method for drying paper in which a paper web to be dried is passed from a press section of the paper machine into a forward dryer section including only single-wire groups with normal single-wire draw. The web is dried from the side of its bottom face in the dryer groups in the forward dryer section. From the forward dryer section, the web is passed into a finishing section in which the web is coated/surface-sized by a coating/surface-sizing device and then dried in an after-dryer by passing through at least one dryer group that applies a normal single-wire draw. Thereafter, the web is calendered and passed to a reeling station. Curling of the web is controlled by the operation or construction of components and/or by assemblies and combinations formed out of these components provided in connection with the forward dryer section and/or the finishing section.

Abstract: A method and device for heating and cooling, such as for the sterilization, pasteurization, drying and/or roasting, of food products, such as nuts and beans, for example whole and crushed peanuts and coffee and cocoa beans, comprising bringing the raw food products into contact with a heated granular material, separating of the granular material from the food products after the heat transfer from the heated granular material to the food products, and the subsequent cooling of the food products, the cooling of the food products taking place by means of a granular material which is first conveyed to the product to be cooled and is separated therefrom after the cooling.

Abstract: A roll for a paper machine, in particular for a paper drying device, including an axle on whose support the roll revolves, and a surface construction connected to the axle by support members. The openness of the surface construction of the roll is higher than about 10%, preferably higher than about 20%, so that when the roll an effect is produced that sucks air inward into the roll whereby a flow of air through the roll arises. Also, a single-wire draw dryer group for a paper machine having two contact-drying cylinders and one reversing roll wherein a web to be dried is guided on support of a drying wire meandering from one drying cylinder onto the reversing roll and then onto the other drying cylinder so that on the drying cylinders, the web remains between the cylinder face and the drying wire and on the reversing cylinder, the web is situated at the side of the outside curve.

Abstract: Flexible edge sealing membranes cooperate with the heating surface of a vacuum preheater and a web moving over the surface (1) to minimize air loss in the portions of the heating surface not covered by the web, (2) to prevent differential heating of the edges of the web induced by unrestricted air flow, and (3) to provide reduced friction contact with the edge portions of the web.

Abstract: A sheet-guiding device with a cooled sheet-guiding plate formed with air outlet openings, the sheet-guiding plate having a sheet-guiding surface on one side thereof and being connected, at the other side thereof opposite to the one side, to coolant ducts permitting the air outlet openings to remain freely open, and a cooling-duct plate having deformations forming the coolant ducts, the cooling-duct plate being connected by welding to the sheet-guiding plate and being sealed with respect thereto, includes a sealing element disposed between the other side of the sheet-guiding plate and the cooling-duct plate, the sealing element being in a groove-shaped indentation formed in the cooling-duct plate and surrounding a respective air outlet opening, and welding zones located in the vicinity of the sealing element for forming a connection between the sheet-guiding plate and the cooling-duct plate by weldments.

Abstract: Improved desolventizer of the countercurrent type. Solvent laden solids enter a closed chamber wherein they are continuously agitated by stirrers. Steam from below rises up through a porous deck and the solids thereon whereupon the steam condenses to release its heat of vaporization thereby aiding in the evaporation of solvent in the solids. The desolventized solids exit the chamber through a discharge passage. The deck includes generally radially spaced apart, substantially parallel stainless steel bars supported on substantially radially extending carbon steel supports. The spaces or slots thereby defined by the bars define an open area covering up to about 30% of the surface area of the deck. The gaps between the bars are sufficiently narrow so as to reduce the likelihood of the solids being worked into the gaps.

Abstract: A drying section apparatus is disclosed for drying a web of paper. The apparatus includes a size press for applying size to at least one side of the web. A single tier dryer is disposed downstream relative to the size press for drying the web. The single tier dryer includes a plurality of dryer cylinders and a plurality of vacuum rolls. Each of the vacuum rolls is disposed between adjacent dryer cylinders of the plurality of dryer cylinders. A dryer felt extends around at least one of the dryer cylinders. The arrangement is such that at least one of the dryer cylinders is top felted for permitting downward removal of broke. An air cap is disposed above at least one of the dryer cylinders for blowing air through the felt for drying the web disposed between the dryer cylinder and the felt. The arrangement is such that both sides of the web are dried during passage of the web through the single tier dryer.

Abstract: A wood treatment method wherein a piece of wood to be treated is heat treated at high temperature for a predetermined time. According to the method, the piece of wood is heated to its glass transition temperature (Tg) prior to the heat treatment, and maintained thereat until the whole of the piece of wood has reached the glass transition temperature (Tg).

Abstract: A grain dryer has a horizontal plenum connected to a source of heated forced air and has at least one generally perforated wall. A substantially enclosed grain conduit extends along the plenum and has one of its sidewalls being the perforated wall of the plenum. The grain conduit has upper and lower ends to receive and discharge, respectively, a quantity of grain to be dried by heat conveyed to the grain through the perforated wall of the plenum. The lower end of the grain conduit defines an opening generally dwelling in a substantially vertical plane and having upper and lower discharge ports, separated by a plate extending across the central portion thereof to close the flow of grain therethrough.

Abstract: Apparatus and method are provided for obtaining improved measurement and control of the temperature of a semiconductor wafer (W) during processing. The apparatus includes a chuck for holding a wafer during processing, a coolant gas supply (16), and a temperature sensing arrangement for measuring and controlling the temperature of the wafer during processing. A top face of the chuck (22) over which the wafer is positioned, is configured with a plurality of holes (34) into which the coolant gas, such as helium, is admitted at controlled rate and pressure. The coolant gas passes through a narrow space (36) between the top face of the chuck and the underside of the wafer and is evacuated via an exhaust line (30) after being heated to (or nearly to) the temperature of the wafer. Temperature of the now-heated coolant gas is continuously measured by a temperature sensor arrangement which generates a signal controlling the pressure and flow of coolant gas to the wafer.

Abstract: A real-time process and apparatus for controlling conditions in a lumber drying kiln include measuring the shrinkage of a sample of the lumber across the longitudinal axis of the lumber and over time. A slope of the curve is analyzed and can be used to determine when a stress peak and stress reversal occurs in the lumber sample. The detection of the stress peak indicates that the drying schedule of the kiln should be incremented to the next drying step. According to the invention, the schedule is incremented in the fastest possible way without degrading the quality of the lumber.

Abstract: A grain moisture regulating system includes a grain bin with a perforated grain supporting floor and a fan for blowing outside ambient air into the grain bin through the grain mass set thereupon, and through an air outlet at the top of the grain bin. A humidistat fan control system measures ambient moisture in the air outside the grain bin and compares it to ambient moisture in the air inside the grain bin for controlling the fan. A fan operation control system includes a plurality of moisture content sensors which measure ambient moisture in the air outside the grain bin and ambient moisture in the air above the grain mass in the grain bin to produce a signal for the humidistat fan control system.

Abstract: An apparatus for overnight drying and storage of wet boots, shoes, gloves, mittens and the like, which consists of a furniture-style cabinet with capacity to hold and dry all of the foot and hand apparel of a family or other group in a typical vacation lodging environment. The cabinet contains means to support apparel for drying and a drying air distribution device wherein ambient drying air is drawn-in from the surrounding room and is fan driven from a plenum into a plurality of individual conduits through conduit flow restrictors. By resisting the free flow of air, conduit flow restrictors act to substantially equalize the air flow through all conduits, regardless of length. The individual conduits convey the ambient drying air to the interior chambers of the apparel items and cause overnight drying. Air mixing within the cabinet assures overnight drying of the exterior surfaces of apparel.

Abstract: This invention is an improved continuous process for drying and solvent extraction of water-wet solids without experiencing sticky solids comprising the steps of (1) mixing the input water-wet with solvent, (2) feeding said mixture into two or more stages of evaporation in parallel or in series to evaporate some of the water present in the input solids or sludges and to extract some of the indigenous solvent-soluble compounds from the solids, (3) feeding the slurry from the parallel or serial stages of evaporation in series to one or two final evaporation stages operated at pressures above atmospheric at preferably between pressures of 18 psia and 150 psia and more preferably between pressures of 18 psia and 50 psia, (4) feeding the slurry from the final stages of evaporation to a centrifuge or other device for separating most of the solvent from the solids, (5) subjecting the water-wet solids to none, one, or multiple extraction stages before, during, or after the evaporation stages, (6) at times, feeding th

Abstract: A device for transferring a web of paper in the drying section of a paper making machine from one dryer to the next without any open draw. The device is a stationary vacuum bridge that is defined by a pair of walls, and includes rollers on one of the walls for the felt of the drying section to roll thereon.

Abstract: A scent charged aeration capsule assembly emplaced over the effluxive end of a hair blower whereby, during the blower's operation, a selected fragrance may directed into a subject's hair. Alternatively, a hair blower manufactured or modified to comprise a pad emplacement chamber permitting emplacement of a fragrance impregnated pad therein.