Abstract: A frequency detector (200) and method therein for measuring and tuning a frequency of a controlled oscillator are disclosed. The frequency detector (200) comprises a pulse generator (210) for generating sampling pulses; a sample circuitry (220) for sampling output states of the controlled oscillator (180); and a digital processing unit (230). The sample circuitry (220) is configured to sub-sample the output states of the controlled oscillator (180) at two or more sampling frequencies, and all sampling frequencies are lower than the frequency of the controlled oscillator. The digital processing unit (230) is configured to calculate a frequency offset of the oscillator based on the sampled states and generate a control signal based on the frequency offset to tune the frequency of the oscillator.

Abstract: This application provides a precoding method and an apparatus for improving a power utilization of antennas. The method includes: determining a generalized inverse matrix Hm+ of a channel value matrix Hm of K users in an mth iteration in J iteration operations, where m=1, 2, . . . , and J, 1?J?M?K+1, and M is a quantity of antennas; selecting, from a set S1m-1 based on Hm+, an antenna index nm and an update coefficient ?m corresponding to nm, where S1m-1 is a set of n unselected in antenna indexes n of the M antennas until an (m?1)th iteration ends; determining a weight matrix Wm based on Hm+ and ?m; and assigning a row in Wm and corresponding to nm to a row in a final weight matrix Wopt and corresponding to nm, where Wopt is to adjust transmit powers of at least J of the M antennas to a preset maximum transmit power P after the J iteration operations end.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an apparatus and method for measuring a nonlinear signal-to-noise ratio, and a test instrument. The method for measuring a nonlinear signal-to-noise ratio may include performing notch operation on at least one frequency point in a spectrum of an input signal in a symbol domain or a bit domain; performing spectrum measurement on an output signal after passing through a nonlinear system; and estimating a nonlinear signal-to-noise ratio of at least one frequency point of the nonlinear system according to a spectrum of the output signal. According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, when the notch operation is performed, internal structures of symbols or bits of the input signal may be retained, and an accuracy of the measurement of the nonlinear signal-to-noise ratio may be improved.

Abstract: A method of communicating information from a sensor concerning a received signal, comprising: responsive to receiving by at least one detecting sensor, during a defined time interval, data indicative of an entire data of a frequency band received by it during the defined time interval, comprising at least one signal emitted at least one emitter, and to detecting of the emitted signal by the at least one detecting sensor, sending from the sensor assistance information corresponding to the detected emitted signal during the defined time interval, to at least one non-detecting sensor. This information can be utilized by the non-detecting sensor to perform an action with respect to data indicative of an entire data of the frequency band received by the non-detecting sensor during a corresponding defined time interval, the action corresponding to at least one emitted signal received by the non-detecting sensor during the corresponding defined time interval.

Abstract: Automatic gain control (AGC) may be accomplished in a radio frequency (RF) amplifier in a hybrid fiber-coaxial (HFC) network using a wideband RF tuner to select multiple pilot channels (e.g., frequencies in lower and upper portions of an RF signals spectrum) for use in measuring power and determining a correction to be applied to the RF amplifier. The power of the pilot channel or channels may be measured, for example, using a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) from the wideband RF tuner or using a power detector circuit. Using the wideband RF tuner allows selectable gain and/or tilt control across a wideband spectrum, such as a channel spectrum of a CATV downstream RF signal, to maintain stable RF output levels of the amplifier as RF input levels vary. The RF amplifier may be a line extender amplifier used in a CATV HFC network to amplify a wideband RF spectrum of up to 1.8 GHz.

Abstract: A terminal includes a reception unit configured to receive information for allocating uplink transmission from a base station; a control unit configured to determine a CP extension value in a case where a parameter for calculating the CP extension value is not configured by the base station upon receiving the information; and a transmission unit configured to execute the uplink transmission by applying the determined CP extension value.

Abstract: An antenna offset compensation determination method includes: transmitting, from a first apparatus to a second apparatus, one or more first signals from a first plurality of antenna elements, of a first antenna of the first apparatus, and one or more second signals from a second plurality of antenna elements, of the first antenna; receiving, at the first apparatus from the second apparatus, one or more first indications of a first linear offset of a first signal distinction line relative to a second antenna of the second apparatus, the first signal distinction line corresponding to a first transition between the one or more first signals and the one or more second signals as received by the second antenna; and determining, based on the first linear offset, one or more compensation parameters for compensating for the first linear offset.

Abstract: This application provides a method for adjusting a half-power angle of an antenna, to adjust a maximum half-power angle or a maximum beam gain of an individual transceiver channel. The method includes: first determining that M antenna elements in N antenna elements connected to a first transceiver channel of an access network device need to be turned on or off, where N>M?1, and both N and M are integers, that is, a quantity of antenna elements driven by the first transceiver channel needs to be adjusted; and then sending first indication information to the access network device, where the first indication information is used to indicate to turn on or off the M antenna elements.

Abstract: Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a transmitter, method, apparatus and computer readable storage medium for quantized precoding in a massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system. In example embodiments, a transmitter determines a normalized factor for precoding of a plurality of signals intended for a plurality of receivers. The first device precodes the plurality of intended signals using the normalized factor by iteratively performing acts. The acts include determining, by using the normalized factor, a descending direction of a difference between the plurality of intended signals and corresponding signals received at the plurality of receivers, a descending rate of the difference being above a threshold rate in the descending direction, and determining a plurality of precoded signals based on the descending direction. Then, the first device quantizes the plurality of precoded signals for transmission by the transmitter to the plurality of receivers.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a mode switching method for reducing training overheads in a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted communication system. The system includes one single-antenna base station, one single-antenna user terminal, and an RIS including N reflection elements, the single-antenna user terminal sends data to the single-antenna base station, however, when a direct link of a user-base station is blocked by a blockage, the data can be sent to the single-antenna base station only via the RIS; the RIS determines a proper reflection solution by using a controller, and dynamically adjusts a phase shift thereof to improve an achievable data rate of the system; and necessary information for phase shift adjustment can be obtained at the base station by uplink training, and transmitted to the RIS controller by using a control link.

Abstract: There is provided mechanisms for processing uplink signals. A method is performed by a RRU (200). The method comprises obtaining uplink signals (S102) as received from wireless devices at antenna elements of an antenna array of the RRU (200), each wireless device being associated with its own at least one user layer. The method comprises capturing (S104) energy per user layer by combining the received uplink signals from the antenna array for each user layer into combined signals, resulting in one combined signal per user layer. The combining for each individual user layer is based on channel coefficients of the wireless device associated with said each individual user layer. The method comprises providing (S106) the combined signals to a BBU (300).

Abstract: A differential communication circuit is connected to a communication line formed of a positive communication line and a negative communication line for differential communication. The differential communication circuit includes: a series circuit that includes a resistor element and a connection switch. The resistor element is connected between the positive and negative communication lines when the connection switch is turned on. The circuit also includes a transmission unit that is configured to output a differential signal to the communication line and a controller that is configured to change impedance of the communication line by turning on the connection switch in a period during which the transmission unit does not output the differential signal.

Abstract: A receive module. The receive module has a first voltage divider for adjusting a first receive threshold; a first comparator, connected to the first voltage divider, for evaluating differential signals received from a bus of the bus system using the first receive threshold; a second voltage divider for adjusting a second receive threshold or a third receive threshold; a second comparator, connected to the second voltage divider, for evaluating the differential signals using the second or third receive threshold adjusted by the second voltage divider; and a switching unit for the switchover between the second and third receive threshold as a function of an operating mode of the receive module, to which the receive module is to be switched for a first or second communications phase of a communication on the bus, the first and second voltage dividers being connected to the bus in each case.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an equalizer training unit for deriving equalization parameters for compensating data-dependent distortion in received samples by use of a training sequence including a sequence p>1 times and cyclically comprising N sub-sequences of respective combinations of L time-domain symbols of a modulation scheme, wherein the N sub-sequences are cyclically arranged in a selected order and such that L?1 symbols of a respective sub-sequence overlap with symbols in the preceding and following sub-sequences. The present disclosure further relates to a training sequence generator unit for generative the training sequence and an equalizer employing the equalizer training unit.

Abstract: A method is provided. In some examples, the method includes performing, by processing circuitry, a first transform operation on a first time-domain data set to generate a frequency-domain data set. In addition, the method includes determining, by the processing circuitry, that at least one portion of the frequency-domain data set satisfies a first threshold magnitude. The method also includes performing, by the processing circuitry, an inverse transform operation on the at least one portion of the frequency-domain data set to generate a second time-domain data set. The method further includes identifying, by the processing circuitry and based on the second time-domain data set, a region of interference in the first time-domain data set.

Abstract: A transmission system includes a first device and a second device remote from the first device. The first device transmits electrical energy to a transmission line during a power provision phase, generates and transmits data symbols to the transmission line during a downstream transmission phase, and receives data symbols from the transmission line during an upstream transmission phase. The second device receives the energy from the transmission line during the power provision phase, receives the data symbols from the transmission line during the downstream transmission phase, and generates and transmits the data symbols to the transmission line during the upstream transmission phase, and the second device generates and transmits data symbols by shorting or disconnecting the transmission line. A method of transmitting electrical energy from the local device to the remote device, and communicating data symbols between the local and remote devices is also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus includes an encoder configured to encode source data and generate a codeword composed of a plurality of bits, and an interleaver configured to perform, on the codeword, block-based interleaving including a plurality of sub-blocks, wherein the interleaver is configured to generate a first reference input index of a first reference sub-block from among the sub-blocks, generate, based on the first reference input index, a first input index of a first sub-block from among the sub-blocks, the first sub-block being arranged to be adjacent to the first reference sub-block in a first direction, and store, in an internal memory, bits corresponding to the first reference sub-block and the first sub-block, according to the first reference input index and the first input index, respectively.

Abstract: This document describes techniques and systems for independent transmit and receive channel calibration for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. Antenna responses are collected from each virtual channel of a MIMO system at an angle respective to an object. The transmit components and the receive components of the virtual channels are separated and organized into vectors (one for the transmit components and one for the receive components). Calibration values for elements of the vectors are computed and maintained in a transmit calibration matrix and a receive calibration matrix, respectively. Together, the transmit calibration matrix and the receive calibration matrix may include fewer elements than a calibration matrix for the virtual channels and, therefore, may require less memory and fewer computations to calibrate a MIMO system than using other calibration techniques.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for precoding matrix indicator (PMI)-based data beam nulling with a channel state information (CSI) report. An apparatus includes a transceiver configured to communicate via a wired or wireless communication medium and a processor coupled to the transceiver. The processor is configured to identify restricted PMI beams in a nulling direction for supported ranks; receive, via the transceiver from a user equipment (UE), a CSI report including a rank, a PMI, and channel quality indicator (CQI) feedback; and determine whether the reported PMI is restricted. The processor is further configured to select an alternative PMI among a number of unrestricted PMIs for the reported rank; boost a reported CQI if a reduced transmit power is configured; and select a modulation coding scheme (MCS) and generate a precoder for a data beam based on at least one of: the CSI report, the alternative PMI, and the boosted CQI.

Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for dynamically scheduling antenna resources of a wireless node, such as, antenna panels of a user equipment (UE). In some cases, a first node (e.g., a UE) performs, with two or more other nodes, a first beam sweep procedure across two or more antenna resources of the first node on two or more wireless interfaces, generates or obtains scheduling information based on results of the first beam sweep procedure, wherein the scheduling information indicates which of the antenna resources is scheduled for which wireless interfaces, and communicates with the other nodes on the wireless interfaces according to the scheduling information.