Abstract: A low temperature plasma reactor for the treatment of particulate material. A housing is provided having an exit for treated material. Within the housing, the particulate material, and any desired additional reactants, undergo thermo-chemical reaction while being subjected to cyclonic action. The particulate material migrates or is driven toward the housing walls as it travels through the housing toward the housing exit. A plasma generator subjects that material that passes through the housing exit to plasma action. In a preferred embodiment, the housing includes a first portion wherein the cyclonic conditions are established, a throat portion through which treated material exits the housing and an adaptive portion extending between the first portion and the throat portion.

Abstract: There is provided the compound 4-azido-4,4-dinitro-1-butanol (ADNBOH) and a method for making same which comprises reacting trinitromethane and acrolein at a reduced temperature to provide 4,4,4-trinitro-butyraldehyde (TNBAl), reducing the TNBSl to provide 4,4-trinitro-1-butanol (TNBOH) which is further reduced to provide 4,4-dinitro-1-butanol (DNBOH), reacting the DNBOH with acetyl chloride to provide 4,4-dinitro-1-butyl acetate (DNBAc), reacting the DNBAc with an alkali metal azide in an electrolysis cell to provide 4-azido-4,4-dinitro-1-butyl acetate (ADNBAc) and reacting the ADNBAc with a lower alcohol and recovering the 4-azido-4,4-dinitro-1-butanol (ADNBOH).Also provided are several azidodinitro derivatives of 4-azido-4,4-dinitro-1-butanol and methods for making same.

Abstract: Air is mechanically entrained in an aqueous solution of surfactant and poly(oxyalkylene) polyisocyanate polymer, the poly(oxyalkylene) portion of which contains sufficient oxyethylene units to render the polymer water-soluble and hydrophilic, to form a fluid, water-based, air foam which is sprayed or otherwise applied to exposed surface of a substrate, such as a body of hazardous material, the applied foam gelling or increasing in viscosity, due to reaction of the polyisocyanate polymer with water to form a poly(oxyalkylene) polyurea polymer, and forming a persistent gelled air foam or viscous air foam in the form of a coating on the exposed surface, thus sealing or otherwise protecting or controlling the substrate.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for producing uranyl peroxide (UO.sub.4.2H.sub.2 O) from uranium-bearing metal pieces. The uranium-bearing metal pieces are dissolved in a first aqueous solution containing nitric acid and between 0.5% and 5.0% fluoboric acid to provide a second aqueous solution which includes uranyl ions (UO.sub.2.sup.+2) and nitric and fluoboric acids. Hydrogen peroxide is added to the second aqueous solution to precipitate uranyl peroxide out of that solution and provide a third aqueous solution which contains nitric and fluoboric acids. The uranyl peroxide is then separated from the third aqueous solution.

Abstract: A parallel plate plasma reactor is disclosed in which the lower electrode comprises a metal electrode having a central pedestal and an insert for surrounding the pedestal and holding wafers in contact with the pedestal or in position above the pedestal. The insert can comprise an insulator, such as ceramic, or a metal.

Abstract: A rotary ozonizer has a base, a disk-shaped stationary electrode mounted on the base, and a rotary electrode unit disposed over the stationary electrode in face-to-face relation to form an electric discharge clearance. The rotary electrode unit comprises a plurality of radially outwardly extending arms, and upstanding blades fixed to the radially outer portions of the arms, respectively. When the rotary electrode unit is rotated about a vertical axis by a motor and a high voltage is applied between the electrode and electrode unit, an electric discharge takes place to ozonize the oxygen in said electric discharge clearance, and the thus produced ozone is supplied by the blades out of the ozonizer.

Abstract: Azeotrope-like compositions comprising of trichlorotrifluoroethane, acetone, nitromethane and hexane are stable and have utility as degreasing agents and as solvents in a variety of industrial cleaning applications.

Abstract: A device and process for the generation of ozone using an ozone generator having two electrodes connected across the secondary winding of a high voltage transformer, the primary winding of which is connected to a converter which supplies thereto a square wave current of variable amplitude and variable frequency. A compensation coil is connected across either the primary winding or the secondary winding of the transformer. The ozone generator includes a solid dielectric and a gas path between its two electrodes. The inductance of the compensating choke and the operating frequency of the converter are selected such that the resonance frequency of the resonant circuit formed by the ozone generator and the compensation choke lies below the operating frequency of the converter current supply in any operating condition.

Abstract: 4-Nitrophenetol is prepared by reaction of 4-chloronitrobenzene with ethanol and alkali metal hydroxides in the presence of phase-transfer catalysts by carrying out the reaction at temperatures from 60.degree. to 95.degree. C. and under pressure in the presence of oxygen-containing gases diluted with inert gases, there being at the start of the reaction 0.2 to 1.0 mol of alkali metal hydroxide metered each hour into the reaction mixture for each 1 mol of 4-chloronitrobenzene.

Abstract: Compound of the formula ##STR1## in which n denotes a number from 4 to 12, preferably 6 to 8, R.sub.1 denotes hydrogen or methyl, preferably hydrogen, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 denote C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, preferably propyl or butyl, and X denotes halogen, HSO.sub.4 or anions of organic acids having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or CH.sub.3 OSO.sub.3, and preferably denotes chlorine.These compounds are used on their own or together with non-ionic surfactants as an emulsifier for the production of aqueous polymer dispersions of fluorine-containing acrylic acid esters. Polymer dispersions of this type, formed from fluorine-containing acrylic acid esters, are used for imparting an oleophobic and hydrophobic finish to textile materials.

Abstract: The invention is a method and apparatus for rate enhanced decomposition of volatile organic halogenated compounds. In the invention a stream of gas carrying these volatile organic halogenated compounds is passed through a porous bed of silica gel, preferably, or alternatively through quartz chips, and the bed is thereafter irradiated with ultraviolet light. If, after prolonged use the rate of decomposition declines, the decomposing activity can be fully restored by heating and/or passing nitrogen gas through the bed of silica gel. It has further been discovered that elevating the temperature of a solution of organic halogenated compounds, organic acids, or aryl alcohols, increases the oxidation rate of these compounds wherein irradiation of solution with ultraviolet light and addition of ozone to solution perform the oxidation. It has also been discovered that elevating the temperature of a solution of short chain alcohols, aryl alcohols, organic acids or aldehydes in solution, wherein addition of H.sub.2 O.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of sulfur-containing compounds for the control of plant parasitic nematodes by application of the compounds directly to seeds, seed pieces or root systems.

Abstract: Aqueous pigment concentrates are produced by a two-step milling process. The process comprisesa. pumping a crude with from about 12% to about 48% by weight of surfactant, based on pigment, and an amount of water sufficient to reduce the crude concentration to 10 to 50% by weight, based on the total mixture, andb. continuously pumping the blend of (a) through at least two shot mills in series containing between 50 and 90% by volume of a grinding media that has a size in the range of 0.1 to 1.5 mm diameter and then grinding until the particle size has been reduced to where the pigment dispersion has suitable tinctorial strength for use in inks and coatings.

Abstract: A process and an apparatus for depositing thin, amorphous carbon films having extreme hardness on a substrate is described. An enclosed chamber maintained at less than atmospheric pressure houses the substrate and plasma producing elements. A first electrode is comprised of a cavity enclosed within an RF coil which excites the plasma. A substrate located on a second electrode is excited by radio frequency power applied to the substrate. A magnetic field confines the plasma produced by the first electrode to the area away from the walls of the chamber and focuses the plasma onto the substrate thereby yielding film deposits having higher purity and having more rapid buildup than other methods of the prior art.

Abstract: A silver halide color photographic light sensitive material contains (i) at least one of cyan dye-forming coupler represented by formula (I) and cyan dye-forming couplers derived therefrom (ii) and at least one of compounds represented by formula (II), (III), (V), (VI), (VII) or (VIII) and compounds derived therefrom; ##STR1## wherein the symbols are defined as in claim 1.

Abstract: An olefin polymer composition comprising(A) 100 parts by weight of a homopolymer of 1-butene composed substantially of 1-butene units or a copolymer of 1-butene and another alpha-olefin containing at least 60 mole % of units derived from 1-butene,(B) 10 to 600 parts by weight of a homopolymer of propylene composed substantially of propylene units, a block copolymer of propylene and another alpha-olefin containing at least 50 mole % of units derived from propylene, or a random copolymer of propylene and another alpha-olefin containing at least 90 mole % of units derived from propylene, and(C) 10 to 600 parts by weight of a crystalline random copolymer of propylene and another alpha-olefin containing 50 to 87 mole % of units derived from propylene,at least one of components (A), (B) and (C) being partly modified with (D) an unsaturated carboxylic acid or its derivative; and a laminated structure comprising a substrate and a layer of a 1-butene polymer laminated thereto through an adhesive layer of the olefin po

Abstract: A method for reducing frictional drag of water in flow through pipes comprising adding about 5 to about 100 ppm of a water soluble copolymer to said water, said copolymer having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is an alkyl or cycloalkyl group having about 6 to about 22 carbon atoms, R.sub.2 is the same or different alkyl group as R.sub.1 or hydrogen, x is about 90.0 to about 99.9 mole %, and y is about 0.1 to about 10.0 mole %.

Abstract: A large excess of lithium iodide in solution is used as an electrolyte adive to provide overcharge protection for a lithium rechargeable organic electrolyte battery.

Abstract: A process for purifying mineral spirits which have been used to clean Otto uel II propelled torpedoes by heating the mineral spirits to decompose 1,2-propanediol dinitrate and remove hydrogen cyanide and other gaseous decomposition produces, and then distill the mineral spirits from the remaining contaminants.

Abstract: A silver halide color photographic material having, on a support, at least one light-sensitive emulsion layer containing a silver chlorobromide emulsion (having a chloride content of 80 mol % or less) substantially free of iodide, with the silver chlorobromide emulsion being spectrally sensitized with a combination of at least two kinds of spectral sensitizing dyes having specified formulae, and with the silver chlorobromide emulsion layer being hardened with at least one 1,3,5-triazine derivative having specified formula, whereby achieving inhibition for increase in fog upon long-range preservation thereof as finished goods without attended by decrease in developing speed.