Abstract: When driving a thin-film EL display panel having groups of two electrodes on opposing sides of a thin-film EL layer, a voltage is applied so that the polarity of the AC pulse applied to the intersection (picture element) of opposing electrodes is the reverse of the polarity of the AC pulse applied simultaneously or nearly simultaneously to adjacent or nearly adjacent picture elements. This drive method avoids flicker caused by differing luminance intensities resulting from alternating polarity in EL matrix-type displays.

Abstract: The present publication describes a method for the transmission of control signals to the row drive circuits in the control of thin-film electro-luminescent displays. According to the method, as control signals are used, a data signal, a clock signal, a signal that activates all the input stages of the row drive circuits at the same time, i.e., a strobe signal, and two signals by means of which the drive circuits controlling either odd rows or even rows are chosen to be activated (odd row enable and even row enable). According to the invention, all the control signals are transmitted via one first line (A) and one second line (B), whereby the timings of the pulses on the first line (A) and on the second line (B) are chosen so that the signal of the first line (A) is a combined odd (or even) row enable and data signal and the signal of the second line (B) is a combined even (or odd) row enable and clock signal.

Abstract: A method of, and a device for, reducing the magnetic stray field generated in the vicinity of the faceplate of a cathode ray tube by the deflection current in the deflection coils of the tube. A current loop (4) is arranged at a distance from the deflection coils and is supplied with current having a time function substantially coinciding with the time function of the deflection current. The stray field is thereby neutralized to a large extent in a region extending beyond the position of the current conductor (4) in a direction away from the faceplate.

Abstract: The preferred embodiment discloses a new thin-film EL display panel drive circuit using EL layers installed between the scan-side electrodes and the data-side electrodes aligned so as to allow them to cross one another, comprising: scan-side electrodes connected to the drain terminal of the N-ch high-voltage resistant driver having a grounded source terminal and also connected to the other drain terminal of the P-ch high-voltage resistant driver having a source terminal connected to the pull-up charge drive circuit and to the write drive circuit via the scan-side common bus line; and data-side electrodes connected to the drain terminal of the N-ch high-voltage resistant driver having a grounded source terminal and also having the anode common terminal connected to the cathode terminal of the diode array connected to the preliminary charge drive circuit via the data-side common bus line.

Abstract: An analog-to-digital converter for use with a stepped square 2.sup.2n -QAM demodulator comprises a first group of (2.sup.n+1 -1) comparators for detecting signal points of a demodulated signal of a stepped square QAM system which are located within a 2.sup.n .times.2.sup.n square of the signal constellation of the stepped square QAM system, and a second group of four comparators for detecting signal points located outside of the square. A first logic circuit is provided to convert the outputs of the comparators of the first group to a first multibit digital signal representative of the signal points located within the square, and a second logic circuit is provided for converting the outputs of the comparators of the second group to a second multibit digital signal representative of the signal points located outside of the square.

Abstract: Apparatus for transmitting optical signals from an unprotected environment to a protected environment are disclosed. The apparatus may take the form of a lightpipe which has a light transmitting core and a cladding material surrounding the core having an index of refraction lower than the core. The lightpipe is aligned with a photodetector by means of a retaining collar. An omnidirectional optical signal collector is also disclosed for receiving optical signals from any direction and relaying them to a secure photodetector.

Abstract: An optical frequency synthesizer and/or sweeper, whereby a coherent optical output light is obtained by using a wavelength stabilized laser and an optical phase locked loop wherein the frequency of the output has the characteristics of high accuracy, high stability and narrow spectral line width. The optical phase locked loop comprises a tunable laser, an optical frequency multiplier, an optical frequency shifter and an optical heterodyne detector, wherein the optical phase locked loop is capable of precisely outputting an arbitrary wavelength by feeding back an output optical frequency.

Abstract: A high-pressure discharge lamp comprising a discharge vessel provided with an external auxiliary electrode connected to a starter circuit in the lamp. The starter circuit comprises a voltage division circuit between the connection terminals of the lamp and parallel to the discharge path. A switching element of the starter circuit shunts the voltage division circuit in part and is electrically connected to a control electrode of a semiconductor switch, connected in series with the discharge path and in parallel with the voltage division circuit. As a result a starter circuit and a lamp current limiting circuit are thus combined in the lamp.

Abstract: Ultraviolet light is emitted mainly with 185 nm in wave length so that a thick silicon layer is fabricated by decomposition of silane gas at a high deposition speed. As a light source, a bulb is filled with an amount of mercury gas without dosing argon gas which enhances preferentially light with 254 nm in wave length.

Abstract: A narrow band relatively ultra stable radio apparatus for communicating alarm or data signals from a radio transmitter device to a radio receiver device, which receiver or transmitter may be carried by individuals, or may be battery operated or fixed to other devices, such as smoke detectors or burglary sensors, or the like, wherein the transmitting device and the receiving device are both phase locked to a 60 Hertz power line signal either by direct connection or via a 60 Hertz voltage induced into said radio devices from nearby power lines to thereby provide a means to precisely synchronize the transmitting device radio carrier signal and/or digital clock stream with the receiving device to achieve very high signal transmission reliability is disclosed.

Abstract: Cathode ray tube apparatus including compensation (14) for the vertical component of terrestrial and of other ambient magnetic fields (15). The compensation is achieved by the generation of an opposing vertical magnetic field by energization of the degauss coil (11, 12) in the apparatus. Two embodiments are described: one applies a continuous direct current (21) after the degaussing operation and the other applies a direct current component coincident with the degaussing signal to permanently magnetize components of the apparatus. The magnitude and polarity of the compensation provided may be variable.

Abstract: One of the low voltage output windings of a standard ballast circuit is coupled to one filament of a pair of series connected fluorescent lamps by an external current controller. The current controller acts to restrictively reduce the operating voltage applied to the filaments of one of the lamps to which it is connected, below firing value during start up operation and thereafter maintain a lower running voltage for the lamps without adversely affecting restart.

Abstract: An optical multiplex communication system in which n kinds of digital signals whose logical levels do not simultaneously become true, such as, pulse motor controlling pulses, are multiplexed through a single optical fiber line. The transmitting end generates n kinds of carrier clock signals of different frequencies by clock generating means, produces the respective logical products of the carrier clock signals and the digital signals and then produces a logical sum of the logical product outputs by logical circuits and converts the logical sum output to a light signal by a light transmitter, thereby delivering the light signal onto the single optical fiber line.

Abstract: An oxide cathode comprising a base 1 which consists substantially of titanium and a heater element 5 coated with aluminium oxide 6 to heat the base 1, which bears a porous alkaline earth metal oxide emissive layer 4. When the surface of the titanium base 1 which is opposed to the heater element 5 bears a metal layer 7 consisting at least of one of the metals Pt, Mo, Ta and W, a solution is obtained to the problem occurring in titanium cathodes in that titanium in contact with aluminium oxide is not chemically stable. The metal layer preferably consisits of pure tungsten and is formed by chemical vapour desposition (CVD). The metal layer is preferably from 1 to 10 .mu.m thick.

Abstract: A discharge tube opening circuit for varying tube intensity at regular intervals without flicker between an illuminated and an unilluminated state. Combinations of tubes controlled by respective circuits give rise to novel display arrangements through choice of tube colors and particular sequences of variation of luminous intensity.

Abstract: An improved stabilizing device incorporated into a socket-adapter for miniature fluorescent lamps includes a square-shaped iron core member with a coil arrangement provided therearound so as to form a required stabilizing device with a square open section defined in a middle portion for accommodating a socket seat of the socket-adapter for known miniature fluorescent lamps. The iron core member is composed of a plurality of L-shaped silicon steel laminated cores, and the coil arrangement includes a plurality of coils wound around a plurality of I-shaped coil frames, each of which has a through opening in a middle portion for being sleevingly installed around both arms of the L-shaped laminated cores so as to form a square open section in the middle of the iron core for accommodating the socket seat of the socket-adapter. Thereby, the total volume of the socket-adapter stabilizing device is substantially decreased.

Abstract: A trigger circuit is coupled to a gas discharge lamp having anode and cathode terminals, a minimum anode voltage and a minimum holding voltage. The trigger circuit periodically transmits a trigger voltage pulse to the lamp to provide first stage ionization of the gas in the lamp. A power supply circuit charges a boost storage capacitor to a first voltage and an energy storage capacitor to a second voltage above the minimum holding but below the minimum anode voltage. The sum of the first and second voltages exceeds the lamp minimum anode voltage. A voltage controlled capacitor switching circuit includes input terminals coupled across the boost storage capacitor and across the energy storage capacitor and output terminals coupled to the anode and cathode terminals of the lamp.

Abstract: In a gas discharge display panel, first and second driving electrodes are capacitively coupled to each display electrode on at least one of two substrates. The first and second driving electrodes of the display electrodes are formed by a first group of driving electrodes and a second group of driving electrodes by connecting the first and second driving electrodes as a plurality of groups. Specified display electrodes are controlled by selecting the first and second electrodes at the same time. The method for driving the gas discharge display panel includes the steps of discharging all dots in one selected line of the discharge electrodes which are to be written, and of erasing selected dots which are not to be written.

Abstract: An image rotation compensation circuit for use with a CRT. The compensation circuit includes a winding which encircles the CRT and is oriented transverse to the path of the electron beam. A controller is connected to the winding and drives a current through the winding to create a magnetic field. The direction and magnitude of the current may be adjusted by the user to substantially cancel an external magnetic field and thus eliminate any image rotation caused thereby.

Abstract: An electroluminescence light emission apparatus based on a switch circuit formed of a switch element and a thyristor connected in series across a DC power source, and a control circuit for setting the thyristor and switch element in alternating conducting and non-conducting states, with an electroluminescence element being coupled between one terminal of the power source and the junction of the switch element and thyristor to be thereby alternately charged and discharged to produce emission of light.