Abstract: A system for powering a network element of a fiber optic wide area network is disclosed. When communication data is transferred between a central office (CO) and a subscriber terminal using a network element to convert optical to electrical (O-E) and electrical to optical (E-O) signals between a fiber from the central office and twisted wire pair, coaxial cable or Ethernet cable transmission lines from the subscriber terminal, techniques related to local powering of a network element or drop site by the subscriber terminal or subscriber premise remote powering device are provided. Certain advantages and/or benefits are achieved using the present invention, such as freedom from any requirement for additional meter installations or meter connection charges and does not require a separate power network.

Abstract: Disclosed are a reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer, and an optical signal processing method. The reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer includes: at least one optical cross-connect device and at least two optical signal processing devices. Each optical signal processing device includes a wavelength-selective switch and a filter. The wavelength-selective switch is configured to perform wavelength-based allocation on inputted dense wavelength division multiplexing optical signals and input the dense wavelength division multiplexing optical signals into the filter. The filter is configured to separate optical signals outputted by the wavelength-selective switch into single-channel optical signals, and multiplex a plurality of single-channel optical signals outputted by the optical cross-connect device and input the multiplexed single-channel optical signals into the wavelength-selective switch.

Abstract: A method of forming a virtual network includes forming an arrangement of virtual fibers from physical fiber optic cables that interconnect virtual entry devices, virtual forwarding devices, and virtual exit devices together. The virtual entry devices combine data and frames to allow a number of sources with data and frame rates that are less than a predetermined frame rate of a physical port to be output from the physical port.

Abstract: A rate negotiation method is provided. A first device switches a fiber transmission rate of a first port of the first device to a first fiber transmission rate based on a preset switching direction within a rotation period of a first fiber transmission rate set. The first device sends a negotiation packet to a second device through the first port of the first device within a duration of the first fiber transmission rate. If a response packet is received from the second device through the first port of the first device within the duration of the first fiber transmission rate, the first port of the first device is controlled to communicate with the second device based on the first fiber transmission rate.

Abstract: An optical transmission and reception system includes an optical transmitter including an optical modulator that optically modulates a transmission signal containing a known signal inserted at predetermined intervals and transmits it to an optical transmission line, and an optical receiver including an optical RC circuit that converts an optical modulation signal received from the optical transmission line into a complex time series signal, a photoelectric conversion element that converts the complex time series signal into an electrical intensity signal, and a digital signal processing unit that performs learning using the known signal as a teaching signal and performs demodulation, based on learning results, using the electrical intensity signal received from the photoelectric conversion element.

Abstract: A routing method includes: determining a path quality between a first node and each of second nodes in a service to be transmitted through a path quality evaluation model; where, the second node is one next-hop node of the first node; and the path quality evaluation model is constructed according to a signal-to-noise ratio SNR and an ambient temperature change; determining an optimal next-hop node from second nodes according to the path quality; updating a Q table of the first node according to the optimal next-hop node; taking the optimal next-hop node as a new first node; returning to the step of determining a path quality between a first node and each of second nodes until the new first node is a destination node of the service to be transmitted; and determining a transmission path of the service to be transmitted according to the Q table.

Abstract: A method to select a number of fibers for ROADM-equipped nodes of an optical network by which a controller is operative to determine which links are utilized as well as their usage frequencies and then partition a scale of usage frequencies into a number of intervals. By assigning a number of fibers to each one of the intervals, a number of fibers is assigned to each link, according to their usage frequencies, setting the degree for ROADMs at the nodes. Simulations can evaluate the network's performance in terms of a blocking rate representing an overall signal blocking rate by the ROADMs at network nodes. The number of intervals, their ranges, and the number of fibers associated with each interval can be iterated until an improved or satisfactory network performance is achieved.

Abstract: Disclosed are an optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module having an automatic discovery function, comprising a signal transmission portion and a signal reception portion. The signal transmission portion transmits information about the optical multiplexing and demultiplexing module by modulating transmission power of a laser. The signal reception portion samples and decodes the received optical power signal to acquire information about the other optical multiplexing and demultiplexing modules borne thereon. In configuring a wavelength division multiplexing transmission system, the device of the present disclosure may simplify the complexity of manual configuration, improve the accuracy of configuration, reduce the cost and failure rate in a solution in which an individual transceiver is used as an automatic discovery function, and adapt to different connection modes.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure relate to managing a communications system based on software defined networking (SDN) architecture. An SDN controller is provided in the communications system to manage a wireless distribution system (WDS) and a local area network (LAN) based on SDN architecture. The SDN controller is communicatively coupled to a WDS control system in the WDS and a LAN control system in the LAN via respective SDN control data plane interfaces (CDPIs). The SDN controller analyzes a WDS performance report and a LAN performance report and provides a WDS configuration instruction(s) and/or a LAN configuration instruction(s) to the WDS control system and/or the LAN control system to reconfigure a WDS element(s) and/or a LAN element(s) to improve quality-of-experiences (QoEs) of the communications system. Monitoring and optimizing the WDS and the LAN based on a unified software-based network management platform can improve performance at reduced operational costs and complexity.

Abstract: There is provided a method, apparatus and system for determining multipath interference (MPI) in optical communications. It is object of embodiments of the present disclosure to provide an effective, low-cost way of detecting or measuring MPI. To effectively detect and measure the MPI, multiple zero-power gaps are inserted into the transmission signal (optical signal) in time domain. In some embodiments, at least some of the zero-power gaps inserted in the main signal do not overlap the zero-power gaps of the reflection of the main signal. Using the zero-power gaps contained the main signal and the reflection (where applicable), power inside and outside the zero-power gaps are determined. Then, the strength of the MPI is determined based on the determined power inside and outside the zero-power gaps.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling network configurations or assignments are provided. A method, according to one implementation, includes a step of calculating transmission characteristics between each pair of a plurality of pairs of modems at opposite ends of a Dense Wavelength-Division Multiplexing (DWDM) transport link using specifications of the modems measured during production. The method also includes the step of selecting a pair of modems from the plurality of pairs of modems based on results obtained by calculating the transmission characteristics and based on one or more user-defined service requests.

Abstract: A subchannel encoding device is configured to include: a probability distribution shaping-encoding unit for dividing M×N (M is an integer of two or more, and N is an integer of one or more) subchannels into N groups, shaping a probability distribution of transmission modulation symbols of each group on the basis of signal-to-noise ratios of the M×N subchannels, and converting an information bit string into a shaped bit string corresponding to the probability distribution of the transmission modulation symbols of each group; a subchannel signal generating unit for generating each subchannel signal in the M×N subchannels from the shaped bit string; and a signal multiplexing unit for multiplexing the M×N subchannel signals generated by the subchannel signal generating unit to generate a subchannel multiplexed signal.

Abstract: The disclosed systems, structures, and methods are directed to an optical transceiver, employing a first optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) module configured to generate a first OTDR signal, and a second OTDR signal, the second OTDR signal being a delayed version of the first OTDR signal, a first optical supervisory channel (OSC) transmitter configured to generate a first OSC signal, and a second OSC signal, the second OSC signal being a delayed version of the first OSC signal, a first wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) configured to transmit the first OSC signal interleaved with the first OTDR signal on a first optical fiber and a second WDM configured to transmit the second OSC signal interleaved with the second OTDR signal on a second optical fiber.

Abstract: Device cost and electric power consumption are reduced. Nodes 11a to 11d as optical add/drop multiplexers each include AWGs 24a and 24b connected between light transmission paths as optical fibers 12 and 13 and transponders 25a to 25n and configured to output optical signals from the light transmission paths to the transponders 25a to 25n through ports and transmit optical signals from the transponders 25a to 25n to the light transmission paths through ports, and an optical coupler 24c configured to connect ports of the AWGs 24a and 24b to the transponders 25a to 25n through coupling or bifurcation. The channel interval of ports of the AWGs 24a and 24b is multiple times larger than the channel interval of ports of the transponders 25a to 25n, and transponder signals of a plurality of different wavelengths to and from one or a plurality of the transponders 25a to 25n can pass through ports of the AWGs 24a and 24b.

Abstract: An optical communications apparatus, including a reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer, in which an optical deflection component may perform angle deflection on a plurality of first sub-wavelength light beams to obtain a plurality of second sub-wavelength light beams and a plurality of third sub-wavelength light beams, and propagate the plurality of second sub-wavelength light beams to a second optical switch array. A third wavelength dispersion component combines the plurality of second sub-wavelength light beams into a second light beam. A first output component outputs the second light beam from a dimension. A second wavelength dispersion component combines the plurality of third sub-wavelength light beams into a third light beam, and makes the third light beam incident to a third optical switch array. A second output component outputs the third light beam to drop a signal.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide an optical add/drop multiplexing device capable of realizing a configuration in which many transponders can be connected at low cost. An optical add/drop multiplexing device 30A includes branch function units 34a to 34d connected to each of WSSs 22a to 22d connected to respective routes 1 to D having a plurality of optical fibers and dropping optical signals having a plurality of wavelengths among the optical signals having the respective wavelengths transmitted by wavelength division multiplexing. The optical add/drop multiplexing device includes C-function units 35a to 35d configured to transmit the optical signals branched by the branch function units 34a to 34d to a plurality of transponders.

Abstract: Systems and methods for azimuthal multiplexing using three-dimensional diffractive optics An azimuthal optical multiplexing system includes a light source. The system includes two or more at least partially transparent plates. Each plate of the two or more plates has a structured or patterned surface positioned in an optical path of the light source. The system includes means for rotating at least one plate of the two or more plates axially with respect to at least one other plate of the two or more plates. The means for rotating is operatively coupled to the at least one plate. The structured or patterned surface is configured to modulate light directed along the optical path and through the two or more plates.

Abstract: [Problem] An optical receiver using a polarization demultiplexing technique is miniaturized. [Solution] An optical receiver 100A for receiving a polarization multiplexed signal obtained by performing orthogonal polarization multiplexing on two optical signals.

Abstract: A method for providing a maximum channel capacity per optical channel in an optical wavelength division multiplexing, WDM, transmission system is described. The WDM transmission system includes transceivers using multiple optical channels in a WDM channel grid to transport optical signals modulated with a modulation format with a signal symbol rate, SR, via an optical transmission link, OTL, along an optical path from a transmitting transceiver to a receiving transceiver. A channel capacity of the optical channel is maximized while a calculated channel margin, CM, is maintained above a preset minimal channel margin value.

Abstract: A decoding method includes: receiving a plurality of subcarrier signals each including encoded data; acquiring a predetermined amount of data from each of the plurality of subcarrier signals; correcting errors in the plurality of subcarrier signals by performing decoding arithmetic processing on the respective predetermined amounts of data acquired from the plurality of subcarrier signals in a time-division manner; and causing the decoding arithmetic processing to be consecutively performed on each of the predetermined amounts of data a predetermined number of times.