Abstract: A device for developing an electrostatic latent image by applying magnetic toner is provided. The device includes a first transporting sleeve for transporting the magnetic toner along a first transporting path as carried thereon with the toner supplied from a hopper and a second transporting sleeve for transporting the toner along a second transporting path, which passes through a developing station where the latent image is developed, as carried thereon with the toner transferred from the first sleeve at least partly. There are also provided a first doctor blade for forming a first film of toner on the first sleeve and a second doctor blade for forming a second film of toner on the second sleeve.

Abstract: A high speed turbogenerator functionally combining, in one machine, an electrical generator and an expansion turbine. The electrical generator itself has a shaft supported on two bearings and the expansion turbine comprises an expander wheel overhung on the generator shaft and which rotates as a high pressure gas is let down in the expansion turbine to a lower pressure at a minimum predetermined flow rate and pressure drop. The shaft operates at speeds of about 6,000 rpm to 32,000 rpm, preferably at the higher end of such range, i.e. 20,000 to 24,000 rpm. The unit is sufficiently compact that a new use for the electrical generator is to modify the same such that the entire high speed turbogenerator is contained within the conduit carrying the gas to be let down in pressure and only electrical wires need be led through the conduit. The integrity of the conduit is thus retained to the extent possible and only a high pressure cable fitting extends through the conduit.

Abstract: An offset weld ring is brazed or soldered to the top surface of a flat pack frame to provide an offset weld surface for the welding of a lid to the package in which the heat applied during the welding process is moved away from the glass feedthroughs in the package, thereby permitting closer spacing of the lid to the glass feedthrough for minimizing overall package height and obtaining a low profile package.

Abstract: A pair of hollow cylindrical parts are received onto a shielded cable and can be threaded together to clampingly engage conductive rings pressing them into full circumferential contact with the cable shield. One of the cylindrical parts is secured to a suitable electrical ground point (e.g., welding to deck of ship).

Abstract: An electrophotographic copying machine is provided having a photoreceptor, a corona discharger, a lamp, and a compensation circuit. The corona discharger is activated to provide a corona discharge toward the photoreceptor to uniformly and initially charge the surface of the photoreceptor. The lamp is illuminated at the same time as the corona discharge of the corona discharger to improve the charging on the photoreceptor. The compensation circuit is activated to provide an exponential voltage to be applied to the lamp in proportion to the sensitivity degradation of the photoreceptor, to thereby compensate the sensitivity degradation of the photoreceptor.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for electrophotographically forming a multi-color proof print using at least two color separations. Two toner images of different color are formed in registration with each other. The photoconductive coating for each toner image is charged to an identical final charge state. Development of the charge pattern on each color separation is commenced after correspondingly identical time periods.

Abstract: An electrophotographic copying machine is of the type which starts, in response to the actuation of a copy start switch, its copying operation after a pre-copy process is conducted to stabilize the property of a photoreceptor. The copying machine comprises a selection circuit and a timer. The selection circuit is operated to start the timer upon the termination of a previous copying operation. During a time as set for the timer, the pre-copy process is carried out following the termination of the previous copying operation. In response to the actuation of the copy start switch, the following copying operation is started just following the termination of the previous copying operation.

Abstract: An optical system for use with laser chips to counteract variations in wavelength produced by semiconductor chips, to counteract astigmatism effects common to laser chips, to counteract variations in the distance between the plane of emission of the beam and the plane of a collimating lens, to counteract variations in beam size in perpendicular planes, to counteract variations in the divergence angle of emission common to laser chips, and to counteract tilt variations caused by imperfect reflecting surfaces. The system includes an apertured achromatic doublet lens for collimating the beam, a cylindrical lens, a rotating mirror, and a combination of toroidal and spherical lens.

Abstract: An electrical device has an electrical component, a housing having an open end for receiving the electrical component, a closure member for sealing the open end of the housing, the housing including an inner wall and a shoulder on the inner wall providing a seat for the closure member, and a retainer for retaining the closure member in sealing engagement with the seat. The retainer includes a plurality of radially outwardly extending ears for gripping the inner wall of the housing. A plurality of radially inwardly projecting lugs are provided on the inner wall and each lug has an axially inwardly facing surface for engaging the ears to maintain the closure member in sealing engagement with the seat.

Abstract: An automatic document handling system 20 for recirculative precollation copying in reverse serial order of a set of simplex document sheets on a simplex and duplex copier 10 to provide precollated simplex or duplex (two-sided) copies with proper orientation of the document images on the outputted copy sheets 128 for copies made on preprinted, prepunched, or other special orientation restricted copy sheets, as well as for copies made on plain paper or other non-orientation sensitive copy sheets. The copier 10 has a special copy sheet supply 107 for said special orientation restricted copy sheets and a main copy sheet supply 106 restricted to conventional nonorientation sensitive copy sheets. Switching systems, e.g. 200, provide for selecting between the feeding of copy sheets from the main supply 106 or the special copy sheet supply 107 and for selecting between simplex or duplex copying, and connect with overall control system 100.

Abstract: An optical image projector includes an array of optical elements which projects an erect positive image of an object onto an image receiving surface which is not parallel to the plane of the object. The array, the plane of the object and the image receiving surface are disposed in a manner such that the angles formed between the plane of the object and the image receiving surface on one hand and the optical axis of the array on the other are equal to each other and are disposed on the same side of the optical axis.

Abstract: An electrophotographic copying machine includes a photosensitive drum on which an electrostatic latent image is formed, a developing apparatus for developing the electrostatic latent image into a toner image, a transferring apparatus for transferring the toner image to a copy paper supplied from a paper supplying portion, a fixing apparatus for heating the copy paper having the toner image transferred thereto to fix the toner image, and a paper ejecting roller for ejecting the copy paper having the toner image fixed thereto to the exterior of the machine body. The copying machine elements are arranged so that the copy paper transporting path from the paper supplying portion to the paper ejecting portion is divided into two assembly units, the assembly units which can be removed from respective predetermined attached positions toward the exterior of the copying machine body in a direction opposite from each other and parallel to the transporting direction of the copy paper.

Abstract: Method of and device for producing electric energy from a cyclic combustion process. The device includes two oppositely disposed aligned spark ignited internal combustion engine cylinders axially spaced from each other, means rigidly connecting the pistons so that they reciprocate in unison in their respective cylinders, and a reciprocable electrical linear generator-motor unit driven by said reciprocatory piston system. The generator-motor unit includes a very light coreless (ironless) coil rigidly attached to and reciprocatory with the piston system, the said coil reciprocating through a constant strength magnetic field. The beginning of the combustion process (or cycle) in each combustion chamber takes place at the lowest possible compression ratio sufficient for the initial ignition of the fuel-air mixture, the combustion process proceeding at a diminishing volume under the pressure from the compression- and combustion-forces of the opposite combustion chamber-piston system.

Abstract: An electrostatic copying apparatus including a support frame having a front support wall and a rear support frame. The support frame is mounted on a housing slidably in the front and rear direction between an operating position within the housing and a pull-out position outside of the housing. A rotating drum and a developing device are mounted on the support frame. Each of the rear surface of the front support wall and the front surface of the rear support wall has a semicircular receiving portion with an open top, and each end of the rotating drum has a shaft bearing member with a circular peripheral surface. By inserting each bearing member into the associated receiving portion, the drum is rotatably mounted. The developing device has a front wall and a rear wall, with a projecting portion formed at the end of each. An abutting lower edge is defined on each projecting portion, and an abutting front edge is defined on each of the front wall and the rear wall, below the projecting portion.

Abstract: A system for recovering wave energy and its conversion into mechanical and electrical energy, comprising a pickup member kept in a submerged position and one or more resilient lines (extensible flexible hoses) connected mechanically at one end to the pickup member and at the other end to an anchor fixed to the sea or lake bed. The interior of the resilient lines are in communication at one end with a gas-filled accumulator vessel and are blind at the other end, and are also filled with an incompressible fluid. One or more turbines and displacement engines convert the pressure and kinetic energy of the incompressible fluid into mechanical energy. The turbines are coupled to an electric generator for generating electrical energy utilizing the mechanical energy.

Abstract: A flash exposure optical imaging system is provided which includes a light housing having a movable top and bottom surface. The top surface contains a document platen, the bottom surface a fixed, wide-angle projection lens. These surfaces are vertically translated past a fixed, central housing wall to vary the system conjugate in response to changes in magnification. In a preferred embodiment, a pair of football shaped cams are rotated in response to position signals from a controller initiated by a magnification change. A pair of T-bars and linkage mechanisms are associated with these cams and their motion provides simultaneous vertical motions to the top and bottom housing surfaces, respectively. During the vertical excursion of the floor assembly, an additional horizontal motion is imparted to the lens so as to maintain correct corner registration of the document at the image plane.

Abstract: An image scanning system includes a sub-scanning drum adapted to be rotated both in the regular direction to feed a recording sheet material in the sub-scanning direction which is perpendicular to the rotational axis of the drum and in the reverse direction opposite to the sub-scanning direction, and a main scanning system for scanning a light beam across the recording sheet material in the direction of the rotational axis of the drum. The system further includes a pair of nip rolls removably disposed on the drum, a stopper removably disposed downstream of the drum and the nip rolls, and a sheet discharger. The recording sheet material is fed toward the stopper with the drum being stopped and the nip rolls being held away from the drum, and is supported thereon in the unrestrained state. Then the nip rolls are pressed against the drum sandwiching the sheet material therebetween and at the same time the stopper is retracted away from the sheet material.

Abstract: An electrostatographic printing system is disclosed as having a document supporting drum and an optical system for scanning a document for exposing the same to a moving photoreceptor belt. The drum has its surface moved in synchronism with the belt by an a.c. synchronous motor and includes a control system devised to sense the relative velocities of the compared velocities of the belt and drum surfaces and to produce a correction signal for the drum motor drive.

Abstract: A device for inking an electrostatic charge image with toner particles in a xerographic unit is disposed adjacent to an information carrier on which the electrostatic charge image is carried so as to form a developing gap above the charge image. The device has a toner feed channel and a toner discharge channel which are surrounded by an excitation layer for electrostatic charging of the toner particles by triboelectricity. A plurality of multiphase electrodes are disposed adjacent to the device in the area of the feed and discharge channels, the electrodes being supplied with multiphase alternating voltage for generating a nonhomogeneous self-propagating electric field for delivery and withdrawal of the toner particles. A single phase alternating voltage is applied in the area of the developing gap for generating an electric field which presses the toner particles against the information carrier.

Abstract: Guide apparatus is provided for guiding paper from an image toner station to a pair of pressing rolls of a fixing station of a photocopying machine. The pressing rolls are arranged at a slight angle to the transport direction of the paper. In order to provide for simultaneous introduction of the paper across its width to the pressing rolls, the guide apparatus is so configured that the paper has different travel lengths across its width on its travel path between the toner station and the nip of the pressing rolls.