Abstract: A sheet glass that has a side surface with an average surface roughness equal to or less than 0.2 ?m is provided. Furthermore, a method of manufacturing a sheet glass is provided that includes processing a base-material glass sheet to obtain a sheet glass that has a side surface with an average surface roughness equal to or less than 0.2 ?m. Moreover, a method of manufacturing a sheet glass is provided that includes processing a base-material glass sheet so that an average surface roughness of a side surface becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value according to a section modulus of the sheet glass that is to be manufactured.

Abstract: An electrically conductive connector housing body (16, 17) of aluminum or an aluminum compound, and a surface layer on the aluminum which comprises an adhesive layer in the form of a chemical nickel-plating, a corrosion protection layer, and a metallic passivation layer provided in sequence. In order to avoid the use of toxic metals and their compounds in a housing part of this type and nevertheless to assure sufficient conductivity and corrosion resistance, the corrosion protection layer is formed by a zinc-cobalt-iron compound, the passivation layer is constituted by a compound made of trivalent chromium, and a sealing layer made of an inorganic compound containing silicate is applied as the exterior layer.

Abstract: A structure of a film filter includes a plurality of film layers made of a film stack material and a substrate wafer which said film layers are deposited on at a temperature substantially higher than a room temperature and retained to after being cooled to the room temperature. The substrate wafer has a coefficient of thermal expansion greater than that of the film stack material so as to generate compressive forces upon the associated film layers, thus resulting in the film filter having a negative temperature drift coefficient.

Abstract: In a method of producing bread which includes the steps of mixing separate leaven or yeast into bread dough, fermenting the dough, dividing and forming the dough, fermenting the dough again, and baking the thus fermented dough, the baking step includes at least one baking stage and at least in the final stage of baking, the dough is baked using superheated steam. The dough may be first baked partially, and after storing at room temperature or freezing, the dough may be completely baked. There is also provided a method of producing raisin yeast bread which includes the steps of fermenting water extracts of raisins and flour, further fermenting the mixture for 10 to 20 days while adding flour and water to obtain ripe raisin leaven, mixing the ripe leaven into separate leaven or bread dough, fermenting the mixture, dividing and forming the mixture, fermenting the thus divided and formed dough first at 20-25° C. for 0.5 to 2 hours, then at a low temperature of 2-10° C. for 7 to 22 hours, and finally at 20-25° C.

Abstract: A construction board is formed from a composition comprising one or more of the following ingredients: magnesium oxide, magnesium chloride, a binding agent (e.g., perlite), wood shavings, recycled board scraps, and water. The construction board further includes fiberglass and polyester paper sheets on opposite sides of the construction board. A method of fabricating the construction board is also disclosed to include mixing magnesium chloride with water to form a solution, mixing the solution with magnesium oxide, perlite and a binding agent to form a paste, and pouring the paste onto a mold to form a construction board. The paste is poured onto a mold which is then passed through a series of rollers to spread out the paste evenly across the mold and to form the paste into the desired thickness. The resulting construction board is fire and water resistant and much more durable than conventional Sheetrock® brand plaster wallboard.

Abstract: The present invention broadly describes a method of pressure treating foods containing cultures, wherein the pressure treatments are performed under such conditions such that cultures survive while the growth of spoilage microflora is reduced, delayed, prevented or eliminated. Foods treated according to the invention include cultural dairy foods (such as yoghurts), fruit and vegetable juices and other dairy foods (such as cheese).

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel animal feed or food additive that may be made from thermochemically hydrolyzed, solvent-extracted corn fiber hulls. The animal feed or food additive may be made, for instance, by thermochemically treating corn fiber hulls to hydrolyze and solubilize the hemicellulose and starch present in the corn fiber hulls to oligosaccharides. The residue may be extracted with a solvent to separate the oil from the corn fiber, leaving a solid residue that may be prepared, for instance by aggolmerating, and sold as a food additive or an animal feed.

Abstract: This invention provides an aligned single-layer carbon nanotube bulk structure, which comprises an assembly of a plurality of aligned single-layer carbon nanotube and has a height of not less than 10 ?m, and an aligned single-layer carbon nanotube bulk structure which comprises an assembly of a plurality of aligned single-layer carbon nanotubes and has been patterned in a predetermined form. This structure is produced by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of carbon nanotubes in the presence of a metal catalyst in a reaction atmosphere with an oxidizing agent, preferably water, added thereto. An aligned single-layer carbon nanotube bulk structure, which has realized high purify and significantly large scaled length or height, its production process and apparatus, and its applied products are provided.

Abstract: A coated metal article such as, e.g., a tool, which article comprises a body part comprising a substantially carbon-free precipitation-hardened iron-cobalt-molybdenum/tungsten-nitrogen alloy and carries a coating. The coating has been applied by a PVD method and/or a CVD method and comprises a substantially single-phase crystalline, cubic face-centered structure. This abstract is neither intended to define the invention disclosed in this specification nor intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

Abstract: This invention relates to a gypsum board coating comprising cardboard with a water-repellent treatment, containing a treatment agent which prevents the growth of micro-organisms. This invention also relates to a gypsum board comprising such a coating and a method for producing the cardboard-coated gypsum board.

Abstract: A composite article includes a first composite material and a second composite material. The first composite material and the second composite material individually comprise hard particles in a binder. A concentration of ruthenium in the binder of the first composite material is different from a concentration of ruthenium in the binder of the second composite material.

Abstract: A method for directly growing carbon nanotubes, and in particular single-walled carbon nanotubes on a flat substrate, such as a silicon wafer, and subsequently transferring the nanotubes onto the surface of a polymer film, or separately harvesting the carbon nanotubes from the flat substrate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a vehicle antifouling element that comprises a layer comprising a p-type semiconductor and a thin film that comprises an n-type semiconductor that is laminated on the surface of the p-type semiconductor layer. The thin film comprises a photocatalytic activity and the film thickness thereof is equal to or more than 5 nm and less than 60 nm.

Abstract: An aluminum/silicon carbide composite prepared by infiltrating a flat silicon carbide porous body with a metal containing aluminum as the main component, including an aluminum alloy layer made of a metal containing aluminum as the main component on both principal planes, and one principal plane is bonded to a circuit plate and the other principal plane is utilized as a radiation plane. The silicon carbide porous body is formed or machined into a convexly bowed shape, and after infiltration with the metal containing aluminum as the main component, the aluminum alloy layer on the radiation plane is further machined to form the bow shape. The aluminum/silicon carbide composite is suitable as a base plate for a ceramic circuit plate on which semiconductor components are mounted, for which high reliability is required.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to obtain an aluminum or aluminum alloy member having a uniform and dense anodic oxide film having sufficient corrosion and impact resistances. Provided is an anodic oxide film which has been formed on the surface of aluminum or aluminum alloy, the film comprising cells which have grown in random directions relative to the surface of the aluminum or aluminum alloy and thus have no orientation.

Abstract: An amorphous carbon film includes carbon as a major component, and silicon in an amount of from 0.1 atomic % or more to 10 atomic % or less when the entire amorphous carbon film is taken as 100 atomic %. The carbon is composed of carbon having an sp2 hybrid orbital in an amount of from 60 atomic % or more to 90 atomic % or less when the entire carbon amount is taken as 100 atomic %. Also disclosed is a process for producing the amorphous carbon film.

Abstract: A hard tissue repairing material includes zirconia as a base material. A surface of the base material has a hydrophilic group. The hydrophilic group is bonded to zirconium atom in the base material. The base material may contain at least an ionic component that is selected from a group consisting of calcium ion, sodium ion, potassium ion, and phosphate ions within the surface. A hard tissue repairing material may include zirconia as a base material and a layer of a main component of an apatite. The layer of the apatite may be formed on a hydrophilic group bonded to zirconium atom in the base material.

Abstract: A molded article located in the beam path of a radar device has only a slight amount of radio transmission loss and has a metallic color. The molded article comprises a substrate and a layer of ceramic material with which the external surface of the substrate is coated. The ceramic material includes nitride ceramics, oxide ceramics, carbide ceramics, and mixtures thereof. The ceramic material includes titanium nitride and/or aluminum nitride.

Abstract: The invention relates to a metal substrate (11) coated at least partially with a layered structure. The layered structure comprises an intermediate layer (14) deposited on said substrate (11) and a tetrahedral carbon layer (16) deposited on said intermediate layer. The intermediate layer comprises at least one amorphous carbon layer having a Young's modulus lower than 200 GPa and the tetrahedral carbon layer has a Young's modulus higher than 200 GPa. The invention further relates to a method to improve the adhesion of a tetrahedral carbon layer to a substrate and to a method to bridge the gap in Young's modulus of the metal substrate and the Young's modulus of a tetrahedral carbon coating deposited on said metal substrate.

Abstract: There is provided a tool at least partly coated with at least two refractory layers of which one of the said layers is a fine-grained ?-Al2O3-layer which is the top layer along the cutting edge-line and the other a TiCxNyOz- or a ZrCxNy-layer being the top layer on the clearance face. The coated tool exhibits excellent flank and crater wear and high resistance to flaking, particularly when used for machining of low carbon steel and stainless steel. Used cutting edges can easily be identified by the naked eye.