Abstract: An architecture, system and method are provided for transparently mapping addresses across multiple addressing domains and/or protocols. A destination of a packet can therefore be transferred from a first addressing domain within one network to a second addressing domain within another network, without inserting knowledge into the packet of the relationship between the two separate and independent domains. Transmission modules within one network can be identified with unique identification numbers or addresses assigned during configuration of those modules. The identification numbers assigned internal to the network can be mapped and placed upon the packet as the packet enters the network. Mapping, however, is minimal, knowing that relatively few external devices are connected to select internal devices and/or modules. The packet can then be mapped into the network, where it is then transferred across the network whereupon it is mapped to another network or termination device external to the network.

Abstract: A novel method of data forwarding is provided in a network switch having multiple ports including at least one backbone port for data communications with backbone network nodes. Destination information of a received data packet is compared with a predetermined set of address data in an address table. If the packet's destination information is not found in the address table, the received data packet is forwarded to the backbone port. Further, the source address information of the received data packet may be compared with the address table. In a regular mode of operation, if the packet's source address information is not found in the address table, this information is added to the address table. However, in a backbone mode of operation, the address information of a data packet received from the backbone port is prevented from being added to the address table. The switch may have backbone ports provided for multiple VLANs supported by the switch.

Abstract: A system and method for over the air transmissions over a code division multiple access (CDMA) data channel is provided. A system comprises a data network, a server, and a base station in communication with the data network and configured to receive an update parameter from the server. The base station is further configured to establish a CDMA data channel between the mobile client and the base station, and the base is configured to send the update parameter from the base station to the mobile client over the data channel. The update parameter is sent in accordance with a CDMA air interface standard (such as IS-95) and a CDMA data channel standard for data services (such as IS-707).

Abstract: A system and method for managing resources in a distributed xDSL modem pool arrangement including a first number of front-end modules and a second number of back-end modules. In a preferred embodiment, when a back-end module identifies that its associated call session has entered idle-mode, idle-mode processing is performed in a manner which reduces processing load and electrical power consumption but does not result in a loss of synchronization or require retraining. A repetitively transmitted single modulated symbol transmitted from a user terminal device coupled to the modem pool indicates idle periods in user data. In the preferred embodiment, the modulated symbol to be transmitted is selected such that its spectral properties match those of user data modulated symbols.

Abstract: Each of a plurality of data processing units that form a network relaying apparatus has a memory controller, a network controller, a processor, and independently accessible first and second memories. The memory controller includes a header information register for storing header information such as a header start position in a packet and a header length; a header position detection circuit for detecting a header position in the packet based on the header information contained in the header information register; and an inter-data processing unit transfer circuit for sending and receiving a packet to and from another data processing unit. The data processing unit stores into the first memory a packet received from the network or a packet transferred from another data processing unit, and at the same time stores only a header portion of the packet into the second memory.

Abstract: A data multiplexing apparatus, method, and system, generates scheduled data for instructing the reading and multiplexing of clips, sequentially reads from a storage unit, transport stream packets based on clips corresponding to the scheduled data, and uses a multiplexer to time-divisionally multiplex the transport stream packets read from the storage unit, which correspond to a plurality of channels, without separating them into data for the respective channels. Accordingly, a load on a host PC is reduced, and a system structure can be simplified.

Abstract: A method for distributed managing of restoration paths within a communication network having nodes connected by links; comprising the steps of: (a) establishing a spare link catalog identifying unassigned links connecting each selected node with an adjacent node; (b) sending a probe message from each node to each adjacent node over an unassigned link; (c) evaluating the probe message at each adjacent node according to predetermined criteria; (d) forwarding the probe message to subsequent adjacent nodes, or discarding the probe message, as determined by the evaluating; (e) appending message content to the probe message indicating the path sequence traversed by the probe message proceeding through the network; (f) evaluating the forwarded probe message at each said subsequent node according to the predetermined criteria; (g) repeating steps (d) through (f) for each forwarded probe message until it is discarded or is received by the probe message originating node; (h) the probe message originating node noting ea

Abstract: A novel BUS entity utilizing the forwarding engine in a conventional LAN switch incorporating an ATM interface. The forwarding engine is adapted to assemble Ethernet frames from ATM cells and to segment Ethernet frames back to ATM cells. The switching fabric in a conventional LAN switch is adapted to perform the segmentation and re-assembly (SAR) function of the BUS whereby ATM cells are assembled into Ethernet frames, switched and segmented back to ATM cells. In operation, one or more Multicast Send VCCs transmit traffic destined for the BUS to the modified LAN switch of the present invention. The switching fabric is configured to switch the received traffic to an appropriate outbound Etheret port. The outbound Ethernet port is looped backed to itself and input to the switching fabric. Switching fabric is configured to output the traffic to the appropriate Multicast Forward VCC for distribution to the LECs.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for user programmable packet to connection translation. When a data block is received, a protocol type for the received data block is identified based upon the media connection or port number for the recevied data block. A connection identification is formed utilizing a header of the received data block, responsive to the identified protocol type for the received data block. An instruction array is used with an arithmetic logic unit (ALU). Different code sequences are loaded into the instruction array based upon the user configured protocol type for a media connection of the received data block.

Abstract: A wireless communicating method for a system having a plurality of communicating stations and a controlling station for controlling an accessing operation of the communicating stations in which the controlling station is disposed between the communicating stations, a communication signal is transmitted and received between each of the communicating stations and the controlling station, as the communication signal has a control area and a data area structured as a frame on a time division basis. The method includes the steps of causing a communicating station to transmit a communicating station state change request signal to the control station, causing the control station to transmit a communicating station state signal to the communicating station so as to enter the relevant communicating station into a sleep state, and causing a communicating station in the sleep state to receive a start command signal that causes the relevant communicating station to cancel the sleep state.

Abstract: A node in an asynchronous transfer mode exchange network comprises a bandwidth monitor circuit for calculating a bandwidth used for a virtual path by measuring a cell amount entered into each virtual path, cell stored buffers for respectively storing an input cell for every virtual path, a bandwidth allocation control circuit for deciding a bandwidth allocation ratio, in accordance with a used bandwidth ratio obtained by reference to each bandwidth used for every virtual path from the bandwidth monitor circuit, depending on a change of the Queue length in a cell within the cell stored buffer, and an output bandwidth control circuit for controlling output of the respective cell stored buffers, in accordance with the bandwidth allocation ratio decided by the bandwidth allocation control circuit.

Abstract: A network switch in a packet switched network includes a plurality of network switch ports, each configured for sending and receiving data packets between a medium interface and the network switch. The network switch port includes an IEEE 802.3 compliant transmit state machine and receive state machine configured for transmitting and receiving network data to and from a medium interface, such as a reduced medium independent interface, respectively. The network switch port also includes a memory management unit configured for selectively transferring the network data between the transmit and receive state machines and a random access transmit buffer and a random access receive buffer, respectively. The transmit state machine outputs a flush transmit buffer signal to the transmit memory management unit in response to a detected error in transmitting the transmit data.

Abstract: A plurality of sets of spreading code sequences are stored in registers and selectively supplied to matched filters. The soft-handover, multi-code processing and long-delay paths can be processed by a small circuit.

Abstract: A system and method for managing resources in a distributed Voice-over-IP (VoIP) speech coder pool arrangement including multiple speech coders each comprised of a first number of front-end modules and a second number of back-end modules. Each call session has assigned thereto a front-end module and a back-end module cooperatively functioning as a speech coder. In a preferred embodiment, voice samples are passed through the assigned front-end module to the back-end module where they are encoded and placed as speech frames on the IP network. As soon as absence of speech is detected by a Voice Activity Detector (which may or may not be shared by multiple front-end modules), processing is handed over to the front-end module freeing up the back-end module to sit idle resulting in reduced power consumption. In alternate embodiment, the freed-up back-end module is reassigned to a new VoIP call session for maximum resource utilization.

Abstract: A transmitter provided in a mobile station of a CDMA communications system comprises a plurality of orthogonal modulators for orthogonal-modulating channel-coded transmitted signals with the orthogonal codes of corresponding channels, a plurality of gain adjustments for adjusting the gains of corresponding channels by selecting gain control signals of the channels or the complements of the gain control signals according to the orthogonal-modulated signals, and a plurality of circuits for separating the transmission signals of the gain adjusted channels into I-channel signals and Q-channel signals and band-spreading the I- and Q-channel signals with a PN sequence of the mobile station. A method for performing such transmission is also disclosed.

Abstract: A multistage detector is disclosed that maximizes computation power while minimizing system delay. The differencing multistage detector receives signals from a plurality of users in a cell of a communications system and reduces the effect of multiple access interference to a signal from a desired user caused by interference from other users in the cell. The differencing multistage detector includes a plurality of stages, each stage including an interference canceller for removing intra-cell interference caused by the other users in the cell and producing an estimation output vector, wherein except for a first stage, the estimation output vector of a current stage is based on both a decision of the interference canceller of the current stage and the output from an interference canceller of a previous stage. The estimation output vector of a current stage is produced by combining the output from an interference canceller of a previous stage and the decision of the interference canceller of the current stage.

Abstract: In a mobile communication system in which a TDMA system and a time-divided CDMA system are commonly used, a high-speed TDMA data transmission system is introduced, and down-links, from base stations (1 to 3) to mobile stations (31 to 34, 41, 42, 51 and 52) and up-links, from mobile stations to base stations, comprise different communication capacities from each other and a couple of a down-link and an up-link having different communication capacities are handled as one communication channel (asymmetric channel). A mobile communication system which is to transmit a large quantity of high-speed data and is able to correspond to multimedia circumstances may be realized by assigning the above-mentioned asymmetric channel to the mobile communication system.

Abstract: The currently defined industry standard framing structure for 2B1Q ISDN signaling, at 160 kilobaud, provides 128 kbps for a customer (B1, B2) data channel, and 16 kbps for a data (D) channel. Of the remaining 16 kbps non payload bandwidth, 4 kbps are used for overhead maintenance data. Eight kbps of the remaining 12 kbps of non payload bandwidth, that customarily transport a repeated framing pattern, are usurped for the transport of an auxiliary compressed (from 64 KHz to 8 KHz) digitized voice POTS channel, that is sufficient to transport toll quality voice. The remaining framing pattern bandwidth is adequate prevent an unacceptable reduction in bit error rate.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for processing digital signals in a telecommunications system that allow for hit-less switching between a first digital signal in which a first payload, a first pointer value, and a first frame are transported on a first channel, and a second digital signal in which a second payload identical to the first payload, a second pointer value, and a second frame are transported on a second channel. The present invention includes first and second pointer followers, first and second comparators, a delay buffer with control circuit, first, second, third and fourth multiplexers, and a pointer generator. The delay buffer control circuit further comprises a write counter, a read counter, a phase detector, and a leak-out mechanism for reinitializing the delay buffer. The present invention aligns the payloads of the first and second digital signals to allow for hit-less selection between them.

Abstract: A method for establishing a connection, either circuit-switched or packet-switched, between first and second mobile terminals of a telecommunications network and an associated switching node which includes a connection handler and a connection agent for each mobile terminal. To establish the connection, the connection handler determines if the connection agent for the first terminal is willing to transmit to the connection agent for the second terminal. If so, the first connection agent transmits a first endpoint address to the second connection agent. The connection handler determines if the second connection agent is willing to listen to the first connection agent and, if so, the first endpoint address is accepted by the second connection agent. A one-way connection between the first terminal and the second terminal in-which the first terminal can talk to the second terminal and the second terminal can listen to the first terminal is then established.