Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure are directed toward methods and apparatuses for interacting a first liquid and a second liquid in one or more fluidic channels of a capillary structure. The methods and apparatuses can include providing at least one capillary barrier that positions a meniscus of the first liquid at a fluid-interface region using capillary forces within the capillary structure. Additionally, a path is provided along one of the channels for the second liquid to flow toward the fluid-interface region. Additionally, gas pressure is released, via a gas-outflow port, from the fluid-interface region while flow of the first liquid is arrested. Further, the first liquid and the second liquid contact in the fluid-interface region with the capillary barrier holding the first liquid at the fluid-interface region.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for improved label-free absolute quantification of relatively low abundant polypeptides by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of peptide products obtained from simple or complex polypeptide mixtures. The methods for absolute quantification include MS signals from a set of qualified ions of peptide products of a relatively high abundant polypeptide to improve quantification of a relatively low abundant polypeptide.

Abstract: Fluorescent water soluble conjugated polymers including polycyclic aromatic comonomers are provided. The conjugated polymers can be linked to an acceptor fluorescent dye. The conjugated polymers find use in conjugates with biological substrates having applications in a variety of applications including methods of analyte detection.

Abstract: Peptide and/or protein quantitation methods, kits, and compositions, particularly useful for mass spectrometry, are provided herein based on a bathocuproine-based composition complex such as bathocuproinedisulfonic acid disodium salt hydrate complex. The methods are one-step rapid absorbance methods using small sample volumes. They produce a robust signal with high signal to background ratio and accurately quantitate even complex peptide mixtures with low variability and high sensitivity.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are described including placing a sample into a sample carrier that comprises a plurality of regions having upper and lower surfaces, having respective heights that are different from each other, and being configured such that cells form a monolayer, the monolayer within respective regions of the sample carrier having respective, different densities from each other, due to the respective regions of the sample carrier having respective heights that are different from each other. Microscopic images are acquired of each of the plurality of regions. Measurements are performed upon cell types that have a relatively high density upon microscopic images of a region of the sample chamber having a relatively low height, and measurements are performed upon cell types that have a relatively low density upon microscopic images of a region of the sample chamber having a relatively great height. Other applications are also described.

Abstract: A method of purification and/or separation of glycopeptides and quantitation of same. The method includes contacting a sample comprising glycopeptides to a hydrophilic enrichment substrate under conditions that permit the glycopeptides to bind to the hydrophilic enrichment substrate. The glycopeptides are eluted from the hydrophilic enrichment substrate with an ammonium formate and acetonitrile (ACN) in water solution to create an enriched glycopeptide sample, which may be subjected to analysis to identify specific glycopeptides.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a streamlined, complete workflow for the qualitative and the quantitative analysis of conjugated peptides from antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) compounds.

Abstract: The present description provides a cancer assay panel for targeted detection of cancer-specific methylation patterns. Further provided herein are methods of designing, making, and using the cancer assay panel for the diagnosis of cancer.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for determining the origin location of a subterranean sample are provided. Compositions include a nanoparticle tag including a superparamagnetic iron oxide core, an intermediate layer including a fluorescent dye, and a polymer shell. The nanoparticles can be synthesized by functionalizing a superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle core and covalently bonding a fluorescent dye to the functionalized nanoparticle core. In some implementations, a polymer is covalently bonded to the functionalized, fluorescent superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle core. The nanoparticle tag can be used to determine the origin location of a subterranean sample by mixing the nanoparticle tag into a fluid, flowing the fluid into a subterranean formation, recovering subterranean samples from the subterranean formation, and separating tagged samples from untagged samples using a magnet.

Abstract: A method for screening a prostate cancer patient, which may analyze whether or not androgen receptor (AR)-targeted therapy is applicable to the prostate cancer patient, through optical image analysis of circulating tumor cells and an AR variant.

Abstract: An analysis system includes a separation system that provides compounds to a sample cell of a spectrometric system. The system analyzes spectral information from the spectrometric system by optimizing retention windows for the compounds and identifies quantities of the compounds by comparing spectral information within and outside the respective retention windows.

Abstract: A thermo-gravimetric analysis system includes a chamber having an interior; and a sample crucible connected to and inside of the chamber, the sample crucible configured to hold a sample material. The system further includes a reference crucible connected to and inside of the chamber; and a metal organic framework (MOF) crucible connected to and inside of the chamber, separate from the sample crucible, the MOF crucible including an MOF material.

Abstract: A method for characterizing graphene on a platinum substrate, including: coating a methylene blue developing solution to a platinum substrate having a surface covered with graphene, so that the methylene blue developing solution reacts with hydrogen-containing gas under catalysis of platinum to yield colorless methylene white; after the pressure is restored, methylene white in the exposed area of platinum substrate will quickly turn blue when it is oxidized into methylene blue by reacting with oxygen in the air under catalysis of platinum. Thus, color difference can be formed to facilitate the observation of the graphene. The characterization method is highly reproducible and simple, and can be used to characterize graphene with a large area on a platinum substrate. The characterization method does not damage the graphene and platinum substrate, has no negative impact on the quality of graphene, and the platinum substrate can be recycled to reduce costs.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method for analyzing target compounds from a fluid or dried biological sample by using a microfluidic sample device including a hollow cartridge and an absorbent body unit.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein generally relate to technologies for analyzing peptide structures for diagnosing and/or treating a disease state advancing through a disease progression. A non-limiting example of a method relating to the technologies described in the subject application may include receiving peptide structure data corresponding to the biological sample obtained from the subject, identifying a peptide structure profile, and diagnosing a disease state within a disease progression. The example may further include generating a diagnosis output relating to the disease state. In at least some cases, the peptide structure profile may include glycosylated peptides, aglycosylated peptides, or both.

Abstract: Methods for preparing a biological sample for testing by Maldi where such methods are selected based on sample parameters. Maldi scores are obtained for a range of sample parameters (e.g. McFarland, dispense volume and number of dispenses). From the data, sample preparation parameters can be selected for a biological sample being prepared for Maldi testing. One sample preparation strategy uses multiple dispenses of sample with an intervening drying step, which yields more accurate Maldi scores, particularly for samples at the low range of McFarland values (e.g. below about 2).

Abstract: [OBJECT] To enable accurate identification of a specific serotype of Salmonella bacteria in a method for analyzing a microorganism using a MALDI-MS. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEM] The present invention is a method for analyzing a microorganism including an identification step for determining which of Abony and Pakistan which are two serotypes of Salmonella bacteria is contained in a sample which contains either Abony or Pakistan, based on the presence or absence of a peak (or peaks) at a predetermined mass-to-charge ratio (or ratios) in a mass spectrum obtained by a mass spectrometric analysis of the sample, or a method for analyzing a microorganism including an identification step for determining which of Minnesota. Infantis and Brandenburg which are three serotypes of Salmonella bacteria is contained in a sample which contains Minnesota.

Abstract: It is possible to more appropriately perform fluorescence separation.

Abstract: Hydrogel particles and their use in cytometric applications are described. The hydrogel particles described herein are selectively tunable to have at least one optical property substantially similar to at least one optical property of a target cell. In this regard, the hydrogel particles provided herein, in one aspect, are used as a calibration reagent for the detection of a target cell in a sample.

Abstract: Methods for peptide and/or protein quantification by mass spectrometry using labeled peptides, wherein multiple labels lead to distinct fragments for the labeled peptides and their unlabeled variant, thus facilitating data analysis and enhancing the potential for quantification. Methods for selecting the label and label position are further given, as well as sets of labeled peptides resulting from or for use in the above-mentioned methods. The methods and substances are especially useful for data-independent or multiplexed parallel reaction monitoring proteomics applications involving peptide quantification.