Abstract: Calculation of a value of energy passing a point of an electric power delivery system, and price associated with the value is disclosed herein. Use of energy packets according with the embodiments of this disclosure more accurately represents the amount of energy produced and consumed by equipment. Energy packets may be calculated over one or more phases, over configurable time periods. Energy packets may be used in conjunction with a monetary rate to calculate the price for billing an energy consumer or crediting an energy producer.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and systems for measuring and managing swelling of rechargeable batteries in situ. Some implementations involve using capacity fade or state of health of rechargeable batteries to estimate swelling of the rechargeable batteries. Some implementations provide methods and systems for measuring battery swelling based on inductive or capacitive coupling between sensors and the battery. Some implementations provide means to manage or reduce swelling of rechargeable batteries by applying adaptive charging with consideration of battery swelling.

Abstract: Provided is a simulation spectrum apparatus including: a background image acquisition unit that acquires a background image of a target region and an infrared signal corresponding to each pixel of the background image; a spectrum acquisition unit that acquires a background radiation intensity spectrum from the infrared signal acquired for the each pixel; a simulation spectrum generation unit that generates a model of a linear combination of a radiation intensity spectrum of a contamination cloud and a background radiation intensity spectrum on the basis of a difference in radiation intensity; a controller that generates a simulation spectrum of the contamination cloud by applying the information on the at least one toxic substance and the atmosphere transmittance to the model of the linear combination; and an imaging unit that generates a spectrum image, combines the generated spectrum image and the background image, and thus generates a simulation contamination cloud image.

Abstract: A shape sensing system comprises a processor coupled to a memory storage device and a predictive model module stored in the memory storage device and configured to receive shape sensing measurements and predict next shape sensing measurements based upon current state data for a shape sensing enabled device, the predictive model module including a Kalman filter and at least one reference model employed by the Kalman filter. The Kalman filter employs the reference model(s) and the current state data to predict new shape data by weighting the reference model(s) versus the current state data to improve shape data measurements.

Abstract: A device that is capable of determining its relative position with regard to another device. The device accomplishes this by receiving and analyzing two sets of information emitted by the device whose unique identifier and relative position is to be determined. The first set of information received by the device includes a structured light pattern with a known geometric configuration reflected off a surface in view of both devices. The second set of information received by the device includes a digital communication signal that encodes the unique identifier of the emitting device. Both sets of information may be transmitted on a free space optical communication channel that can be non-directed and non-line of sight.

Abstract: A signal encoder for encoding a wheel speed sensor signal includes an input interface. The input interface is configured to receive a wheel speed sensor signal providing speed information and additional information. Furthermore, the signal encoder includes a signal processing circuit. The signal processing circuit is configured to generate a first and a second speed pulse. A time interval between the first and the second speed pulse corresponds to the speed information. Additionally, the signal processing circuit is configured to generate a data pulse between the first and the second speed pulse based on the additional information. The generation of the data pulse is in in accordance with a modulation scheme having a modulation order of at least three. Furthermore, the signal encoder includes an output interface. The output interface is configured to sequentially output the first speed pulse, the data pulse, and the second speed pulse.

Abstract: A system and a method of monitoring a functional status of a vehicle's electrical powering system (VEPS) makes measurements on the vehicle's electrical powering system, diagnoses problems for the VEPS, and sends a warning notification to the vehicle's owner. A retrofit device is electrically coupled to the VEPS, or a computerized battery is included in the VEPS. The retrofit device or the computerized battery periodically makes voltage readings. The retrofit device or the computerized battery stores and analyzes those voltage readings so that the retrofit device or the computerized battery predicts any malfunctions or failure that may occur for the VEPS. If the retrofit device or the computerized battery does predict a malfunction or failure in the VEPS, then the retrofit device or the computerized battery would output a warning notification either through the retrofit device or the computerized battery themselves or another external computing device.

Abstract: A system and method for determining position information. The method includes selecting a column, a first row, and a second row of a capacitive sensor array. The first row and second row intersect with the column of the capacitive sensor array. The method further includes measuring a differential capacitance between the first row and the second row and utilizing the differential capacitance in determining a location of an object proximate to the capacitive sensor array.

Abstract: In some examples, an optical density of a contaminant in a fluid sample is computed. An optical density of a target fluid in the fluid sample is computed using optical densities of the fluid sample at a plurality of wavelengths. Based on the computed optical density of the contaminant and the computed optical density of the target fluid, a level of contamination by the contaminant in the fluid sample is determined.

Abstract: Measurement circuitry is disclosed that is configured to be coupled to a load through a transmission line. A first AC signal having a frequency ?1 is applied to the transmission line and a first input impedance of the transmission line is measured. A second AC signal having a frequency ?2 is applied to the transmission line and a second input impedance of the transmission line is measured, wherein the frequency ?2 is different than the frequency ?1. A third AC signal having a frequency ? is applied to the transmission line and a third input impedance of the transmission line is measured, wherein the frequency ? is different than the frequency ?1 and different than the frequency ?2. A resistance of the load is measured based on the measured first input impedance, the measured second input impedance, and the measured third input impedance.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a ground-based sky imaging and irradiance measurement and prediction computing device: obtains, from an omnidirectional ultra-panoramic camera located at a ground-based mounting location, an image having a view of an entire sky located above the camera and a horizon-to-horizon view of ground and ground-based objects surrounding the camera; calibrates a relationship between locations of pixels of the image and real-world three-dimensional coordinates based on intrinsic/extrinsic properties of the camera; identifies image pixels that contain clouds; georegisters, the clouds to real-world three-dimensional coordinates; and estimates, cloud attenuation levels. A solar irradiance map can then be generated based on the georegistration of the clouds, sun position, and estimated attenuation level of the clouds, where the solar irradiance map indicates an estimation of solar irradiance to reach an area of ground surrounding the camera.

Abstract: Techniques for implementing and/or operating a pipeline system including a pipe segment, in which the pipe segment includes tubing that defines a pipe bore and fluid conduits in a tubing annulus, a pipe fitting secured to the pipe segment, in which the pipe fitting includes a vent port connected to the fluid conduits in the tubing annulus, and a testing apparatus. The testing apparatus includes a fluid valve connected to the vent port, an upstream sensor fluidly connected between the vent port and the fluid valve, in which the upstream sensor determines a fluid parameter associated with fluid within the fluid conduits in the tubing annulus, and a downstream sensor connected between the fluid valve and external environmental conditions, in which the downstream sensor determines another fluid parameter associated with fluid released from the fluid conduits in the tubing annulus while the fluid valve is in an opened state.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for obtaining measurements of an integrated circuit chip and a connected carrier to obtain the measurements of the interconnect heights. More specifically, a method is provided that includes defining a top best fit reference plane and a bottom best fit reference plane, and adjusting the top best fit reference and the bottom best fit reference to be superposed to one another. The method further includes calculating first distances between each height measurement for a first set of points and the adjusted top best fit reference plane, and calculating second distances between each height measurement for a second set of points and the adjusted bottom best fit reference plane. The method further includes calculating height values of a gap or interconnect between the first substrate and the second substrate by subtracting the thickness of the first substrate and the second distances from the first distances.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a weather prediction apparatus includes a storage configured to store weather data of a rain cloud observed by a weather radar; and a processor configured to predict a torrential rain. The processor is configured to detect a core of the rain cloud, based on the weather data; to acquire position information of the core, based on a detection result of the core; to determine a movement direction of the core, based on the position information; and to calculate information for predicting, as an area of occurrence of the torrential rain, an area on a ground, the area on the ground corresponding to the movement direction of the core.

Abstract: Grass seed performance may be predicted by receiving grass seed selections for individual grass seed varieties and target geographic regions for growing the grass seed selection. A common set of grass attributes is identified from historical grass attribute values associated with the selected target regions. The historical grass attribute values in the first common set of grass attributes are retrieved and are displayed in a graphical format for the at least two individual grass seed varieties in the at least two selected target regions. A weighted average may be calculated for the historical grass attribute values in the common set and may provide a prediction of performance of the individual grass seed varieties across the selected geographic regions or in regions proximate the selected geographic regions.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems, and methods may operate to detect anomalous formation resistivity values within measured formation resistivity data, based on mud resistivity associated with a borehole in a geological formation, the measured formation resistivity data comprising the anomalous formation resistivity values and acceptable formation resistivity values. Additional activity may include transforming the anomalous formation resistivity values into corrected formation resistivity values, inverting the corrected formation resistivity values and the acceptable formation resistivity values to provide true resistivity values for a geological formation, and operating a controlled device according to the true resistivity values for the geological formation. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed.

Abstract: A biosensor system determines analyte concentration from analytic and/or secondary output signals. The biosensor system adjusts a correlation for determining analyte concentrations from output signals with one or more index functions extracted from the output signals. The index functions determine at least one slope deviation or normalized slope deviation from one or more error parameters. The slope-adjusted correlation between analyte concentrations and output signals may be used to determine analyte concentrations having improved accuracy and/or precision from output signals including components attributable to bias.

Abstract: Automatic detection of outliers in multivariate data is disclosed. One example is a system including a distance generator to determine Mahalanobis distances for data elements of multivariate input data, the Mahalanobis distance of a given data element indicative of a measure of distance of the given data element from a probability distribution associated with the input data. A filter module selects a portion of the input data, the cohesive portion indicative of cohesive data elements, and the selection based on minimizing the Mahalanobis distances, and identifies candidate outliers to be data elements not in the cohesive portion. An outlier detector automatically detects outliers of the candidate outliers, the detection based on median absolute deviations of the Mahalanobis distances of the input data, and a modified z-score. A display module generates a visual representation of the detected outliers.

Abstract: When conducting imaging mass analysis for a region to be measured on a sample, an individual reference value calculating part obtains a maximum value in Pi/Ii of respective measuring points, and stores the value together with measured data as an individual reference value. When performing comparison analysis for a plurality of the data obtained from different samples, a common reference value determining part reads out corresponding a plurality of the individual reference values and determines a minimum value as a common reference value Fmin. A normalization calculation processing part normalizes the respective intensity values by multiplying the intensity values read out from an external memory device by a normalization coefficient long_Max×(Fmin/Pi) obtained from the common reference value Fmin, TIC values Pi at the respective measuring points, and a maximum allowable value long_Max of a variable storing the intensity values at the time of operation.

Abstract: A method includes providing a Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) in a wellbore. The BHA includes a rotary steerable system and a downhole attitude correction and control system. The downhole correction and control system includes a first sensor set, the sensors of the first sensor set positioned near ferromagnetic components of a drill string and a second sensor set, the sensors of the second sensor set positioned further from the ferromagnetic components of the drill string than the sensors of the first sensor set. Corrupted data from the first sensor set and reference data from the second sensor set is obtained, the corrupted data including cross-axis magnetometer and accelerometer measurements. The method additionally includes correcting the corrupted sensor data to form corrected sensor measurements and calculating an estimated azimuth from the corrected sensor measurements. The method further includes steering the rotary steerable system based on the estimated azimuth.