Abstract: Tertiary phosphines are prepared by reacting a phosphine (PH3 or a primary or secondary phosphine) with a cyclic alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound having no more than one C?C double bond conjugated with a carbonyl group. The inventive tertiary phosphines can have R groups that are the same or different. The inventive tertiary phosphines may be used as ligands for metal catalysts or as starting materials for preparing phosphonium salts or ylids.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optimized process and apparatus for more efficiently and economically carrying out the liquid-phase oxidation of an oxidizable compound. Such liquid-phase oxidation is carried out in a bubble column reactor that provides for a highly efficient reaction at relatively low temperatures. When the oxidized compound is para-xylene and the product from the oxidation reaction is crude terephthalic acid (CTA), such CTA product can be purified and separated by more economical techniques than could be employed if the CTA were formed by a conventional high-temperature oxidation process.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optimized process and apparatus for more efficiently and economically carrying out the liquid-phase oxidation of an oxidizable compound. Such liquid-phase oxidation is carried out in a bubble column reactor that provides for a highly efficient reaction at relatively low temperatures. When the oxidized compound is para-xylene and the product from the oxidation reaction is crude terephthalic acid (CTA), such CTA product can be purified and separated by more economical techniques than could be employed if the CTA were formed by a conventional high-temperature oxidation process.

Abstract: A tetrapyrollic photosensitizer compound having at least one pendant —CH2CH2CON(CH2CON(CH2COOH)2)2 or —N(CH2COOH)2 group or esters thereof said tetrapyrollic compound being a chlorin, bacteriochlorin, porphyrin, pyropheophorbide, purpurinimide, or bacteriopurpurinimide. Desirably the compound has the formula: or a phamaceutically acceptable derivative thereof, wherein R1-R8 and R10 are various substituents and R9 is substituted or unsubstituted —CH2CH2CON(CH2CON(CH2COOH)2)2; or —N(CH2COOH)2. The invention also includes a method of treatment by photodynamic therapy by treatment with light after injecting the compound and a method of imaging by fluorescence after injection of the compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides 2,4-pyrimidinediamine compounds that inhibit the IgE and/or IgG receptor signaling cascades that lead to the release of chemical mediators, intermediates and methods of synthesizing the compounds and methods of using the compounds in a variety of contexts, including in the treatment and prevention of diseases characterized by, caused by or associated with the release of chemical mediators via degranulation and other processes effected by activation of the IgE and/or IgG receptor signaling cascades.

Abstract: The invention provides alkene fluoroalkanol and fluorinated polyol precursors to fluoroalkanol-substituted ?,?-unsaturated esters. The fluoroalkanol-substituted ?,?-unsaturated esters are olefins that can be readily polymerized to provide fluoroalkanol-substituted polymers useful in lithographic photoresist compositions. Also provided are methods for synthesizing the alkene fluoroalkanol and fluorinated polyol precursors.

Abstract: The invention relates to fluoranthene derivatives of the general formula (I) in which R1, R2, R3 and a are each defined according to the description, with the proviso that at least one of the R1 or R2 radicals is not hydrogen, to processes for their preparation and to the use of the fluoranthene derivatives as emitter molecules in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), to a light-emitting layer comprising the inventive fluoranthene derivatives as emitter molecules, to an OLED comprising the inventive light-emitting layer and to devices comprising the inventive OLED.

Abstract: The present invention provides 2,4-pyrimidinediamine compounds that inhibit the IgE and/or IgG receptor signaling cascades that lead to the release of chemical mediators, intermediates and methods of synthesizing the compounds and methods of using the compounds in a variety of contexts, including in the treatment and prevention of diseases characterized by, caused by or associated with the release of chemical mediators via degranulation and other processes effected by activation of the IgE and/or IgG receptor signaling cascades.

Abstract: Disclosed are Compounds of formula I And methods of use thereof for the treatment of dyslipidaemia, atherosclerosis and diabetes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of production and the use of a compositional ingredient. Specifically, the present invention relates to hydrosoluble stable organic salts of creatine and pyroglutamic acid. The compositional ingredient may be useful for the regulation of athletic and cognitive functions.

Abstract: The invention encompasses the synthesis of (S)-(+)-3-(aminomethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid, (S)-Pregabalin, via the intermediate, (3R)-5-methyl-3-(2-oxo-2{[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]amino}ethyl)hexanoic acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to amorphous and polymorphic forms of sodium 4-[(4-chloro-2-hydroxybenzoyl)amino]butanoate and their use for facilitating the delivery of active agents, such as insulin, to a target.

Abstract: A silane containing a bulky hydrocarbon group or groups R therein and having the formula (III) R3-(x+y)(R1)x(R2)ySi(OR3) can be produced by reacting a silane of the formula (I) (R1)x(R2)ySiCl3-(x+y)(OR3) with a Grignard reagent of the formula (II) RMgX Further, a tri-organo-chlorosilane of the formula (XIIa) (R1)(R2)(R3)SiCl can be produced by reacting a tri-organo-silane of the formula (XIa) (R1)(R2)(R3)SiZ1 with hydrochloric acid. Furthermore, a tri-organo-monoalkoxysilane of the formula (XXIII) R3-(x+y)(R1)x(R2)ySi(OR3) can be produced when a silane of the formula (XXI) (R1)x(R2)ySiCl4-(x+y) is reacted with a Grignard reagent of the formula (XXII) RMgX with addition of and reaction with an alcohol or an epoxy compound during the reaction.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a compound of formula (I), methods for preparing these compounds, compositions, intermediates and derivatives thereof, and methods for treating inflammatory and serine protease mediated disorders.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of producing fuel from vegetable or animal fat having a free fatty acid content by means of catalytic esterification reactions. The method includes esterification of free fatty acids at a higher temperature in a vacuum with one or more multivalent alcohols accompanied by solid neutral catalysts, which are present in a packing bed inside a reactor, whereby the fat travels from top to bottom in the reactor with the alcohol(s) running counter current and a mixture containing alcohol and water being removed from an upper part of the reactor by means of a vacuum effect. The present invention is also directed to the apparatus for implementing the methods disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing 4,4?-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone of very high purity. In particular, the present invention provides a process for producing 4,4?-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone of high purity comprising the steps of subjecting phenol in combination with a sulfonating agent or phenolsulfonic acid to a dehydration reaction in the presence of an aromatic nonpolar solvent while suspending the resulting dihydroxydiphenylsulfone therein, mixing the reaction suspension with a polar solvent to at least partially dissolve the dihydroxydiphenylsulfone, and precipitating 4,4?-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone.

Abstract: Chemical syntheses and medical uses of novel inhibitors of the uptake of monoamine neurotransmitters and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and prodrugs thereof, for the treatment and/or management of psychotropic disorders, anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, hot flashes, senile dementia, migraine, hepatopulmonary syndrome, chronic pain, nociceptive pain, neuropathic pain, painful diabetic retinopathy, bipolar depression, obstructive sleep apnea, psychiatric disorders, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, social phobia, social anxiety disorder, urinary incontinence, anorexia, bulimia nervosa, obesity, ischemia, head injury, calcium overload in brain cells, drug dependence, and/or premature ejaculation are described.

Abstract: A bisphosphonic acid of the general formula (I) wherein R1 is H, OH, C1-C6 alkyl C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 hydroxyalkyl, C1-C6 aminoalkyl, C1-C6 halogen alkyl X is a direct bond, alkylen group with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, (CH3)m—(OCR3HCH2)n—(O)o—, wherein R3 is H or CH3 and m is 0 or a number from 1 to 6, n is a number from 1 to 10, preferably 1 to 6, and o is 0 or 1, —(CR4HCH2O)p—, wherein R4 is H or CH3, p is a number from 1 to 10, preferably 1 to 6, (CH3)q—(OCR5HCH2)r—(O)s—(CH3)t—, wherein R5 is H or CH3 and q is 0 or a number from 1 to 6, r is a number from 1 to 10, preferably 1 to 6, and s is 0 or 1, and t is a number from 1 to 6, R2 is a group of the formula (II) as well as their physiologically compatible derivatives in particular salts and trimethyl silyl derivatives.

Abstract: Partially fluorinated ionic compounds are prepared. They are useful in the preparation of partially fluorinated dienes, in which the repeat units are cycloaliphatic.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel compound of formula I, As defined herein and their use as pharmaceutically active compounds for reducing blood glucose, and/or treating one or more of type II diabetes, disturbances of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, arteriosclerotic manifestations, and insulin resistance.