Abstract: A system for authenticating a user and his local device to a secured remote service with symmetrical keys, which utilizes a PIN from the user and a unique random value from the local device in such a way that prevents the remote service from ever learning the user's PIN, or a hash of that PIN. The system also provides mutual authentication, verifying to the user and local device that the correct remote service is being used. At the same time, the system protects against PIN guessing attacks by requiring communication with the said remote service in order to verify if the correct PIN is known. Also, the system works in such a way as to change the random value stored on the user's local device after each authentication session.

Abstract: A system for using an encrypted version of a password or access code which is stored in the open on a computer or other device, which utilizes a hardware token to decrypt the password or access code utilizing a secure secret which is stored inside the device, and which never leaves the device, to allow the owner of the device to have access to the Secure System. The system also provides means whereby the holder of a Master token and the holder of a Grand Master token may also have access to the Secure System as long as the user token was previously registered to the Master token and the Master Token was previously registered to the Grand master token before the secured resource was locked by the user token.

Abstract: A system for authenticating a user and his local device to a secured remote service with symmetrical keys, which utilizes a PIN from the user and a unique random value from the local device in such a way that prevents the remote service from ever learning the user's PIN, or a hash of that PIN. The system also provides mutual authentication, verifying to the user and local device that the correct remote service is being used. At the same time, the system protects against PIN guessing attacks by requiring communication with the said remote service in order to verify if the correct PIN is known. Also, the system works in such a way as to change the random value stored on the user's local device after each authentication session.

Abstract: The idea of operating vehicles on hydrogen has potential of reducing vehicle emissions, improving vehicle operational efficiency, and to reducing the dependency on petroleum. Although hydrogen can be commercially produced from various hydrocarbon feedstocks, the remaining limitation to wide-scale deployment is the lack of a hydrogen fuel distribution infrastructure to replace petroleum. By producing hydrogen on the site of the vehicle refueling station, the need for a new distribution infra structure is eliminated.

Abstract: Federated identity is the means of linking a person's electronic identity and attributes, such that the user can be authenticated with a single sign-on, across multiple systems and organizations. A system and a method is proposed to provide a unique user digital identifier which is different for each security identity services subscriber.

Abstract: Federated identity is the means of linking a person's electronic identity and attributes, such that the user can be authenticated with a single sign-on, across multiple systems and organizations. A system and a method is proposed to provide a unique user digital identifier which is different for each security identity services subscriber.

Abstract: Hydrogen is combusted in Oxygen to generate extremely high temperature steam. By feeding the combustion generated steam directly into a steam turbine, unprecedented high conversion efficiency to electricity is achieved.

Abstract: A system for encrypting Secure Volumes using an encryption key which is saved in the open after being encoded inside a hardware token device utilizing a secure secret which is stored inside the device, and which never leaves the device. The encrypted volume can be accessed again only after a hardware token has decoded this encryption key. The system also provides means whereby the holder of a Master token and the holder of a Grand Master token may also have access to the volume as long as the user token was previously registered to the Master token, and the Master Token was previously registered to the Grand master token before the secured volume was encrypted. Also, the system allows members of user groups so designated at the time the volume is encrypted, to be able to have access to the volume as long as their token was previously registered with the same Master Token as the user that encrypted the volume and as long as the token encrypting the volume was also a member of the authorized user group.

Abstract: A system for authenticating a user and his local device to a secured remote service with symmetrical keys, which utilizes a PIN from the user and a unique random value from the local device in such a way that prevents the remote service from ever learning the user's PIN, or a hash of that PIN. The system also provides mutual authentication, verifying to the user and local device that the correct remote service is being used. At the same time, the system protects against PIN guessing attacks by requiring communication with the said remote service in order to verify if the correct PIN is known. Also, the system works in such a way as to change the random value stored on the user's local device after each authentication session.

Abstract: A system for using an encrypted version of a password or access code which is stored in the open on a computer or other device, which utilizes a hardware token to decrypt the password or access code utilizing a secure secret which is stored inside the device, and which never leaves the device, to allow the owner of the device to have access to the Secure System. The system also provides means whereby the holder of a Master token and the holder of a Grand Master token may also have access to the Secure System as long as the user token was previously registered to the Master token and the Master Token was previously registered to the Grand master token before the secured resource was locked by the user token.

Abstract: A system for encrypting Secure Volumes using an encryption key which is saved in the open after being encoded inside a hardware token device utilizing a secure secret which is stored inside the device, and which never leaves the device. The encrypted volume can be accessed again only after a hardware token has decoded this encryption key. The system also provides means whereby the holder of a Master token and the holder of a Grand Master token may also have access to the volume as long as the user token was previously registered to the Master token, and the Master Token was previously registered to the Grand master token before the secured volume was encrypted. Also, the system allows members of user groups so designated at the time the volume is encrypted, to be able to have access to the volume as long as their token was previously registered with the same Master Token as the user that encrypted the volume and as long as the token encrypting the volume was also a member of the authorized user group.

Abstract: A network includes a plurality of sequentially connected computers. Data packets generated by the computers are merged into a stream of data packets on a delivery channel. The stream of data packets are then broadcast to all of the computers in the network on a separate broadcast channel.

Abstract: Data packets from a remote computer are merged together with data packets from a local computer to form a combined stream of data packets. A network interface card connects a computer with a network including a plurality of computers. A remote input of the network interface card receives remote data generated by another computer in the network. A local input of the network interface card receives local data generated by the local computer for delivery to another computer in the network. Local data is stored in a local storage device when remote data is being retransmitted to the network by a processor. When the processor has finished retransmitting the remote data to the network, the processor then transmits the stored local data to the network. Remote data is stored in a remote storage device when local data is being transmitted to the network by the processor. When the processor has finished transmitting the local data to the network, the processor then retransmits the stored remote data to the network.

Abstract: A computer network includes a network hub which connects a plurality of computers together. Data packets generated by the computers are sequentially merged into a stream of data packets which is then broadcast to all of the computers in the network. The network hub includes a plurality of ports, each of which is connected to a respective one of the computers, receiving data packets generated by the computer. The network hub also includes a plurality of storage devices respectively connected to the ports. Each of the storage devices receives and temporarily stores the data packets received by the port. A merging processor is connected to each of the storage devices and sequentially merges data packets temporarily stored by the storage devices into a stream of data packets. The stream of data packets is then broadcast to each of the computers in the network. The network hub may communicate with each of the computers to indicate the capacity status of the storage device.

Abstract: A plurality of computers are sequentially connected to form a chain of computers in a network. Data packets from computers are gathered and sequentially routed through the chain of computers to a last computer in the chain on a packet assembly channel. Data packets routed through the last computer are then broadcast to all the computers in the network on a packet broadcast channel. Each computer in the network is provided with a network interface card to interface with the packet assembly and broadcast channels. A network hub configures the packet assembly and broadcast channels route data packets generated by the computers through the last computer and to broadcast the data packets routed through the last computer to the computers in the network.

Abstract: The wide area network includes a plurality of local area networks (LANs) in communication with a remote source. Each of the LANs includes a plurality of workstations. The workstations generate data packets for delivery to other workstations in the LAN. A packet assembly channel receives data packets from the workstations and routes the received data packets through the workstations to a LAN broadcast unit. The LAN broadcast unit broadcasts data packets generated by the workstations to each of the workstations via a LAN broadcast channel. The remote source generates data packets for delivery to the workstations in each of the LANs. Each LAN has a remote broadcast unit in communication with the remote source for broadcasting data packets from the remote source to the workstations in that LAN on a remote broadcast channel.

Abstract: A plurality of workstations are sequentially connected to form a chain of workstations in a network having two file servers. The workstations generate data packets for delivery to the file servers. A packet assembly channel receives data packets from the workstations and routes the received data packets through the workstations to a workstation broadcast unit. The workstation broadcast unit broadcasts data packets from the workstations to the file servers via a workstation broadcast channel. Both of the file servers receive data from the workstation broadcast channel and generate data packets for delivery to the workstations. A server broadcast unit is connected to each of the file servers and broadcasts data packets from the file servers to the workstations on separate server broadcast channels.

Abstract: A distributed data processing network including a method and apparatus for sending secured data between a plurality of computers is disclosed. The distributed data processing network preferably includes a server computer, a plurality of user computers, a communication network coupling the server computer with the user computers, and a plurality of security circuits. The security circuits each include a clock circuit, a linear feedback shift register, a data encrypter/decrypter, and a password randomizer that cooperate for sending secured data between the server computer and any one of the user computers without sending the user's password to be sent over the network communication path.

Abstract: A distributed data processing system including a data server computer coupled to a plurality of personal computers by a local area network communication path and a second data communication path independent of the local area network communication path is provided. Information stored in the data server computer is periodically transmitted over the second data communication path simultaneously to all of the personal computers in the network. The personal computers do not necessarily initiate data requests over the local area network communication path. Rather, certain preselected information is continually transmitted to all of the personal computers in broadcast fashion.

Abstract: An electrolyzer for electrolysis of water comprises a series of cells each including a substantially open porous anode plate and a substantially open porous cathode plate disposed on either side of and in contact with a solid electrolyte membrane. First and second flow passages extend through the cell, with the first flow passage comprising concentrically aligned bores extending through the center of the cathode plate, the anode plate and the membrane, with the bore in the cathode plate being fitted with an annular sealing gasket. The second flow passage also comprises concentrically aligned bores extending through the cathode plate, the anode plate, and the membrane, with a bore in the anode plate being fitted with an annular sealing gasket. A seal is provided at the outside perimeter of the cathode plate, to prevent the escape of fluid containing hydrogen therefrom. During operation, a source of water is connected to the first flow passage and water is driven into the cell.