Abstract: The current disclosure relates to methods for treating loss of muscle mass, by administering compositions comprising a combination of: 20-hydroxy-ecdysone (20HE) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and at least one ecdysteroid selected from the group consisting of polypodine, makisterone A, integristerone, taxisterone, lesterone, rapisterone, inokonesterone, carthamosterone, rubrosterone, leuzeasterone, ayugasterone, turkestrone, salts thereof, and derivatives thereof. The composition optionally further comprises an effective amount of hesperidin.

Abstract: Disclosed are polyvalent macromolecules, compositions comprising the macromolecules, and methods of use. The polyvalent macromolecules have a polymer backbone and pendent groups attached to the polymer backbone. Some or all of the pendent groups have optionally a linker, a surface-seeking group capable of binding strongly to a metal surface, and a spectroscopically detectable chromophore detectable.

Abstract: The invention relates generally to polyvalent macromolecules comprising: (a) a polymer backbone and (b) pendent groups attached to said polymer backbone, wherein some or all of said pendent groups comprise: (i) optionally a linker, (ii) a surface-seeking group, which is capable of binding strongly to a metal surface, (iii) optionally a chromophore, which is detectable by at least one spectroscopic method. Such molecules can modify metal surfaces and have a variety of uses including (without limitation) appending chromophores to metal surfaces without the need to establish complex chemistry; for the stabilisation and labelling of metal nanoparticles; and for preparing and aggregating nanoparticles in a controlled fashion.