Abstract: Apparatus and method for measuring ophthalmic formulation retention on the surface of an eye include dissolving a fluorescent macromolecule in an ophthalmic formulation to form a fluorescently labelled formulation; topically administering the fluorescently labelled formulation to an eye, said fluorescently labelled formulation forming a thin film on the eye surface. Apparatus is provided for illuminating the eye to cause fluorescence of the fluorescently labelled formulation as the fluorescently labelled formulation thin film is eliminated from the eye by normal blinking and lacrimation; and for measuring fluorescence from the thin film as a function of time.

Abstract: Frequency spectrum management provides for dynamic spectrum usage adjustment among applications on a shared medium. Dynamic resource management methods are applied to the problem of managing spectrum and matching application specific requirements to real-time spectrum characteristics so that more optimal use of the available spectrum may be made. At least a first spectrum agent is assigned to each of the plurality of different applications, for managing channels allocated to the application, and a spectrum manager allocates frequency channels to the plurality of different applications based on the following at least one of parameters of a frequency channel required to implement the application and predetermined requirements based on time of day demand changes for the application.

Abstract: A method for providing access by secondary stations (12, 14, 16) to a shared transmission medium, maintains a list of secondary stations (12, 14, 16). A poll is transmitted poll by a primary station (10) to one of the secondary stations (12, 14, 16). The secondary station (12, 14, 16) waits for a poll, examines the transmission allocation, determines if there is congestion and transmits, along with the data in response to the poll, information regarding congestion. A system for providing such access includes a primary station (10) and a plurality of secondary stations (12, 14, 16). The primary station includes a polling controller (30), a receiver (32), a transmitter (34), a summer (36), a secondary station poll list database (38) and a data traffic controller (40).

Abstract: Apparatus and method for measuring ophthalmic formulation retention on the surface of an eye include dissolving a fluorescent macromolecule in an ophthalmic formulation to form a fluorescently labelled formulation; topically administering the fluorescently labelled formulation to an eye, said fluorescently labelled formulation forming a thin film on the eye surface. Apparatus is provided for illuminating the eye to cause fluorescence of the fluorescently labelled formulation as the fluorescently labelled formulation thin film is eliminated from the eye by normal blinking and lacrimation; and for measuring fluorescence from the thin film as a function of time.

Abstract: Reversibly gelling aqueous compositions are disclosed which undergo significant changes in viscosity in response to substantially simultaneous changes in both temperature and pH. The compositions are formed of relatively low concentrations of a stable combination of at least one pH-sensitive reversibly gelling polymer and at least one temperature-sensitive reversibly gelling polymer. The compositions can be formulated to exhibit a sol-gel transition over a wide range of conditions and viscosities and may be modified to incorporate a pharmaceutical compound for utilization as droppable or injectable drug delivery systems which will gel following administration to a physiological system for the sustained delivery of such pharmaceutical compounds.