Abstract: An adsorbent is disclosed which uses an iron-containing metal oxide as an adsorbent for removing heavy elements from contaminated waters and method for the use of the same. The bed includes a non-stoichiometric ferrous oxide Fe1-xO, which is structurally in a Wustite crystal phase form having the rock salt, face-centered cubic lattice.

Abstract: The invention is a method for producing a cast cermet anode for metal oxide electrolytic reduction by feeding metallic iron and metallic nickel in solid form to an oxidizing reactor; melting and oxidizing the iron and nickel and forming molten nickel ferrite; mixing the molten nickel ferrite with a base metal of high electrical conductivity such as nickel, copper, silver, or alloys thereof in a holding vessel such as ladle or tundish, and casting the mixture into a mold to form a near net shape of the desired anode. Apparatus for carrying out the method, and the resulting product are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention is a method for producing a cast ceramic anode for metal oxide electrolytic reduction by feeding metallic iron and metallic nickel in solid form to an oxidizing reactor; melting and oxidizing the iron and nickel and forming molten nickel ferrite; mixing the molten nickel ferrite with dopant in a holding vessel such as ladle or tundish to increase electrical conductivity of the mixture, and casting the mixture into a mold to form a near net shape of the desired anode. Apparatus for carrying out the method, and the resulting product are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention is a method for producing a cast ceramic anode for metal oxide electrolytic reduction by feeding metallic iron and metallic nickel in solid form to an oxidizing reactor; melting and oxidizing the iron and nickel and forming molten nickel ferrite; mixing the molten nickel ferrite with dopant in a holding vessel such as ladle or tundish to increase electrical conductivity of the mixture, and casting the mixture into a mold to form a near net shape of the desired anode. Apparatus for carrying out the method, and the resulting product are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for producing a non-carbon inert anode for metal oxide electrolytic reduction by coating a metal, cermet, or ceramic substrate with a molten metal oxide compound of a ferrite and at least one divalent metal selected from iron, nickel, manganese, magnesium, and cobalt. The coated anode is protected from attack by the liberated oxygen and the solute in the electrolysis of metals, such as aluminum, magnesium, lithium, or calcium. Apparatus for carrying out the method, and the resulting product are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention is a method for producing a cast cermet anode for metal oxide electrolytic reduction by feeding metallic iron and metallic nickel in solid form to an oxidizing reactor; melting and oxidizing the iron and nickel and forming molten nickel ferrite; mixing the molten nickel ferrite with a base metal of high electrical conductivity such as nickel, copper, silver, or alloys thereof in a holding vessel such as ladle or tundish, and casting the mixture into a mold to form a near net shape of the desired anode. Apparatus for carrying out the method, and the resulting product are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention is a method for producing a cast ceramic anode for metal oxide electrolytic reduction by feeding metallic iron and metallic nickel in solid form to an oxidizing reactor; melting and oxidizing the iron and nickel and forming molten nickel ferrite; mixing the molten nickel ferrite with dopant in a holding vessel such as ladle or tundish to increase electrical conductivity of the mixture, and casting the mixture into a mold to form a near net shape of the desired anode. Apparatus for carrying out the method, and the resulting product are also disclosed.