Abstract: Provided are novel crystalline forms of a spiro-compound which acts as a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor agonist. In particular, isolated crystalline polymorphs of (S)-2-ethyl-8-methyl-1-thia-4,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-3-one are described which have favorable properties in pharmaceutical manufacture. Also provided are methods to prepare said crystalline polymorphs, and to convert them into each other as well as methods for preparing medicaments containing the same which are suitable for use in the treatment of diseases and disorders that respond to modulation of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor.

Abstract: Provided are novel crystalline forms of a spiro-compound which acts as a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor agonist. In particular, isolated crystalline polymorphs of (S)-2-ethyl-8-methyl-1-thia-4,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-3-one are described which have favorable properties in pharmaceutical manufacture. Also provided are methods to prepare said crystalline polymorphs, and to convert them into each other as well as methods for preparing medicaments containing the same which are suitable for use in the treatment of diseases and disorders that respond to modulation of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor.

Abstract: The system includes a device database, an interface, and a processor. The device database stores a set of times and corresponding set of locations associated with a device. The interface is configured to receive a request for identification of sensor data associated with a target. The request includes a request time and/or a request location. The processor is configured to: determine a set of devices associated with the time and/or the location using the device database; provide a request to search for the sensor data associated with the target at the time and/or the location to each device of the set of devices; and receive an indication of the identification of sensor data associated with the target from an identifying device of the set of devices.

Abstract: Provided are novel crystalline forms of a spiro-compound which acts as a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor agonist. In particular, isolated crystalline polymorphs of (S)-2-ethyl-8-methyl-1-thia-4,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-3-one are described which have favorable properties in pharmaceutical manufacture. Also provided are methods to prepare said crystalline polymorphs, and to convert them into each other as well as methods for preparing medicaments containing the same which are suitable for use in the treatment of diseases and disorders that respond to modulation of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor.

Abstract: Provided are novel crystalline forms of a spiro-compound which acts as a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor agonist. In particular, isolated crystalline polymorphs of (S)-2-ethyl-8-methyl-1-thia-4,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-3-one are described which have favorable properties in pharmaceutical manufacture. Also provided are methods to prepare said crystalline polymorphs, and to convert them into each other as well as methods for preparing medicaments containing the same which are suitable for use in the treatment of diseases and disorders that respond to modulation of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor.

Abstract: Provided are M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) agonists, for use in the treatment of a neurological or neurodegenerative disease by promoting microglia and/or macrophage viability and/or activation. Microglia and macrophage survival and activation are thereby achieved by increasing levels of sTREM2 released by microglia cells. In addition, pharmaceutical compositions and methods of preparing the same are described, which are suitable for the treatment or prevention of conditions or diseases that require microglia and/or macrophage modulation, as well as methods for monitoring treatments and enhancing microglia and/or macrophage survival and/or activation.

Abstract: Provided are novel crystalline forms of a spiro-compound which acts as a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor agonist. In particular, isolated crystalline polymorphs of (S)-2-ethyl-8-methyl-1-thia-4,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-3-one are described which have favorable properties in pharmaceutical manufacture. Also provided are methods to prepare said crystalline polymorphs, and to convert them into each other as well as methods for preparing medicaments containing the same which are suitable for use in the treatment of diseases and disorders that respond to modulation of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor.

Abstract: There are provided certain bicyclic heterocyclic compounds that act as M1 muscarinic receptor modulators. Compositions containing these compounds and their use are also disclosed.

Abstract: There are disclosed bicyclic heterocyclic spiro compounds; pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds; and methods for the treatment in a mammal of diseases and conditions which are susceptible to modulation of the M1 muscarinic receptor, including Alzheimer's disease, insulin resistance syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Other embodiments are also disclosed.

Abstract: There are provided certain bicyclic heterocyclic compounds that act as M1 muscarinic receptor modulators. Compositions containing these compounds and their use are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of reducing bandwidth utilization in a cellular network. The method includes receiving packet streams at a suppression unit of a cellular network, identifying a plurality of packet streams carrying the same data content, by the suppression unit; forwarding for packet streams identified as carrying the same data content, fewer packet streams than received, during a period in which the streams are identified to have the same content; regenerating the non-forwarded packet streams of the plurality of packet streams carrying the same data content, by a regeneration unit of the cellular network; and transmitting the plurality of packet streams including the regenerated streams to mobile stations.

Abstract: There are disclosed bicyclic heterocyclic spiro compounds; pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds; and methods for the treatment in a mammal of diseases and conditions which are susceptible to modulation of the M1 muscarinic receptor, including Alzheimer's disease, insulin resistance syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Other embodiments are also disclosed.

Abstract: A signal processing board including a resource board substrate, an external interface on the board substrate, adapted to receive signals for processing, at least one slot adapted to receive a plug-in module with at least one processor thereon and an interface unit adapted to at least participate in converting signals exchanged between the external interface and a processor on a module received by the slot, between a format of signals received by the external interface and a signal format of the processor. The interface unit is suitable to at least participate in the conversion for a plurality of types of processors that differ in the format in which they transmit or receive signals.

Abstract: A method of reducing bandwidth utilization in a cellular network. The method includes receiving packet streams at a suppression unit of a cellular network, identifying a plurality of packet streams carrying the same data content, by the suppression unit; forwarding for packet streams identified as carrying the same data content, fewer packet streams than received, during a period in which the streams are identified to have the same content; regenerating the non-forwarded packet streams of the plurality of packet streams carrying the same data content, by a regeneration unit of the cellular network; and transmitting the plurality of packet streams including the regenerated streams to mobile stations.

Abstract: A signal processing board including a resource board substrate, an external interface on the board substrate, adapted to receive signals for processing, at least one slot adapted to receive a plug-in module with at least one processor thereon and an interface unit adapted to at least participate in converting signals exchanged between the external interface and a processor on a module received by the slot, between a format of signals received by the external interface and a signal format of the processor. The interface unit is suitable to at least participate in the conversion for a plurality of types of processors that differ in the format in which they transmit or receive signals.

Abstract: A method of performing a negotiation session on a modem connection. The method includes receiving a plurality of negotiation signals from the source modem, by a first gateway, forwarding at least some of the received negotiation signals from the first gateway to a second gateway, over a packet based network, receiving, by the first gateway, responses to the forwarded negotiation signals from the second gateway, forwarding the responses from the second gateway to the source modem, by the first gateway, and transmitting from the first gateway to the source modem, response signals to at least some of the received negotiation signals, without receiving a response to the at least some of the signals from the second gateway.

Abstract: There are provided methods for the treatment of diseases involving dysfunction of the peripheral and central nervous system comprising administering one or more spiro compounds. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions useful in such methods, compounds for use in the preparation of such pharmaceutical compositions, processes for preparing compounds useful in the practice of such methods, and some novel such compounds per se.

Abstract: There are provided methods for the treatment of diseases involving dysfunction of the peripheral and central nervous system comprising administering one or more spiro compounds. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions useful in such methods, compounds for use in the preparation of such pharmaceutical compositions, processes for preparing compounds useful in the practice of such methods, and some novel such compounds per se.

Abstract: A method of scheduling the handling of communication channels by a processor assigned to handle a plurality of channels. The method includes determining for each channel, handled by the processor, a target time by which time it should receive processing, selecting one or more of the assigned channels whose data is to be handled next, based on the target times of the channels and when more than one channel is selected, choosing for handling before other channels, at least one of the selected channels based on a consideration directed at minimizing the average processing time of the channels.

Abstract: A method of transmitting data bits over a modem connection. The method includes receiving a first stream of data bits, by a first modem, performing a first set of one or more communication tasks on the first stream of bits, by the first modem, so as to generate a second stream of bits, modulating the second stream of bits, by the first modem, so as to form a modulated signal, transmitting the modulated signal from the first modem to a second modem, demodulating the modulated signal by the second modem, so as to form a third stream of bits, performing on the third stream of bits, a second set of zero or more communication tasks, including a different number of tasks than the first set of tasks, so as to form a fourth stream of bits, and transmitting the fourth stream of bits to a communication unit over a packet based network.