Abstract: A method of forming one-dimensional metal oxide nanostructures includes forming a TiN film on a substrate to provide a TiN-coated substrate; providing an aqueous mixture including hexamethylenetetramine and a metal nitrate, contacting the TiN-coated substrate with the aqueous mixture such that the TiN film on the substrate is in the aqueous mixture, and heating the aqueous mixture at a temperature ranging from about 50° C. to about 100° C. for a period of time ranging from about 60 minutes to about 180 minutes to form the metal oxide nanostructures. The method offers a low-temperature approach for the growth of metal oxide nanostructures. In an embodiment, the metal oxide is zinc oxide (ZnO) and the metal nitrate is zinc nitrate. In an embodiment the substrate is a Si/SiO2 substrate. In an embodiment, the metal oxide nanostructures include one-dimensional nanostructures, such as nanorods.

Abstract: Protection and load distribution strategies are disclosed for electrified vehicle traction battery packs. Exemplary battery protection structures may include a corrugated portion and at least one flat sheet portion that are joined together. The battery protection structure may be integrated as part of an outer enclosure assembly of the traction battery pack or could embody a skid plate design that is a separate structure from the outer enclosure assembly. The battery protection structures may be configured for absorbing and transferring energy during vehicle loading events, thereby minimizing the transfer of loads inside the battery pack where relatively sensitive battery internal components are housed.