Abstract: Provided are methods and compositions an organism of the order Clostridiales for improving the health of an avian, wherein an effective dose of the composition is applied to an outer surface of an egg containing the avian as an embryo prior to hatching. Also disclosed are compositions comprising a strain within the order Clostridiales selected from the group consisting of Caldicoprobacteraceae; Christensenellaceae; Clostridiaceae; Defluviitaleaceae; Eubacteriaceae; Graciibacteraceae; Heliobacteriaceae; Lachnospiraceae; Oscillospiraceae; Peptococcaceae; Peptostreptococcaceae; Ruminococcaceae; Syntrophomonadaceae and combinations thereof and their use in such methods.

Abstract: A method for producing a purified cannabis extract includes providing a first extract with an organic hydrophilic solvent, at least one cannabinoid, and water at concentration W1 by weight, and at least one impurity at impurity to cannabinoid weight/weight ratio R1; adding water to the first extract to reach water concentration W2 by weight, whereby a solid matter and a second extract are formed; separating the solid matter from the second extract, whereby separated solid matter and separated second extract are formed. The separated second extract includes the organic hydrophilic solvent, the at least one cannabinoid, and water to cannabinoid weight/weight ratio R2.

Abstract: Provided is a probiotic composition comprising at least one organism and a carrier, which organism is characterized by having the ability to metabolize carbohydrates and/or their products and by production of less than 0.5 mole hydrogen per mole of metabolized carbohydrate equivalent, wherein said composition is characterized by reducing methane production when administered to a ruminant. Also provided are methods of use of the composition in reducing methane production by a ruminant.

Abstract: Provided is a kit comprising a first pharmaceutical composition comprising a first cannabinoid and optionally a first terpene and/or a first additive; and a second pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of a second cannabinoid, a second terpene, a second additive and combinations thereof, and uses thereof in the treatment of pelvic pain arising from the female reproductive system. Further provided are methods of treatment of pelvic pain arising from a female reproductive system during a menstrual cycle, the method comprising administering during a first fraction of said menstrual cycle a first pharmaceutical composition comprising a first cannabinoid and optionally a first terpene and/or a first additive, and administering during a second fraction of said menstrual cycle a second pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of a second cannabinoid, a second terpene, a second additive and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A method for the production of a rhamnolipid. The method includes culturing in a fermentation medium an organism capable of producing a rhamnolipid to form a fermentation broth comprising at least one rhamnolipid and having a pH>5; extracting at least one lipophilic impurity from said fermentation broth; acidulating said fermentation broth to form an aqueous medium of pH<5 comprising the at least one rhamnolipid; extracting the at least one rhamnolipid from said acidulated fermentation broth; and separating the at least one rhamnolipid to obtain a purified rhamnolipid.

Abstract: Provided is a composition comprising a) butyrate and b) a by-product of fermentation of a carbon source-containing feedstock with a Clostridia class bacterium which natively produces butyric acid. Further provided are a feed ingredient, an animal feed and an anti-icing product comprising the composition, methods of manufacturing and uses thereof.

Abstract: A cigarette containing a homogeneous composition including comminuted particles of dried Cannabis flowers, where the particles include a cannabinoid, the particles are of a size greater than 1.1 millimeter and less than 4.2 millimeter, the composition includes at least 9% and less than 20% by weight water, the composition has a bulk density greater than 0.08 and less than 0.3 gram/milliliter, and the cigarette has a top fraction and a bottom fraction, where when the top fraction and the bottom fraction are divided into 0.1 gram samples.

Abstract: Provided are aqueous fermentation feedstocks comprising glucose monomers at a concentration of less than 50 gram/Liter (g/L) of the total feedstock, water-soluble dextrose oligomers at a concentration in a range between 50 g/L and 300 g/L of the total feedstock; and water. Further provided are methods of production thereof and uses thereof in the production of single cell protein and/or ethanol.

Abstract: Methods for producing a bioproduct selected from acetone, isopropanol and a combination thereof with a microorganism in a fermentor are disclosed. The methods include separating cells of the microorganism from a fermentation broth to form separated cells and recycling at least a fraction of the separated cells to the fermentor to achieve one or more of the following: (1) cell concentration in said fermentor greater than 2 g/L; mass yield on a first feedstock greater than 32%; productivity greater than 0.12 g/L/h; and bioproduct titer greater than 10 g/L.

Abstract: Provided is a device suitable for direct topical administration of a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one active component selected from the group consisting of cannabinoids, terpenes, flavonoids, CB1 receptor agonists, CB2 receptor agonists and combinations thereof to a region of the oral cavity of a subject and methods of use thereof. The device comprises a solid substrate having at least a portion configured and dimensioned to be contacted with the region of the oral cavity of the subject; and an amount of the pharmaceutical composition associated with at least a portion of the solid substrate, wherein the amount of pharmaceutical composition is at least partially releasable from the portion of solid substrate.

Abstract: Provided are methods for treating conditions and/or symptoms selected from the group consisting of ulcer, viral infection, bacterial infection, fungal infection, infectious disease, and inflammation comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a composition comprising at least one cannabinoid in a specific amount; at least one terpene in a specific amount, and at least 5% by weight of a non-cannabinoid, non-terpene carrier, wherein said non-cannabinoid, non-terpene carrier comprises cellulose and a weight/weight ratio of a total amount of terpenes to a total amount of cannabinoids in said composition is from about 0.1:1 to about 1:1, or wherein said non-cannabinoid, non-terpene carrier comprises less than 5% by weight cellulose and a weight/weight ratio of a total amount of terpenes to a total amount cannabinoids in said composition is about 0.05:1 to about 1:1.

Abstract: Integrated mixotrophic fermentation method comprising (i) an isolated naturally acetogenic organism; (ii) a first feedstock comprising a carbon source for use in a fermentation medium; (iii) a second feedstock comprising elemental hydrogen for use in the fermentation medium; wherein the second feedstock comprises performing electrolysis; and (iv) culturing the organism in the fermentation medium, whereby both feedstocks are metabolized and a fermentation broth is formed, which broth comprises at least one bioproduct.

Abstract: An inhalation device is described, which inhalation device comprises an inlet for vapors and/or for aerosol, at least one terpene holding element configured to hold a selected terpene composition, and an outlet for vapors and/or for aerosol and wherein the device is configured to receive vapors and/or aerosol through the inlet, move the received vapors and/or aerosol through the device, infuse terpene composition into the moved vapors and/or aerosol and generate and emit terpene-enriched vapors and/or aerosol through the outlet, wherein at least one of the inlet, the holding element and the outlet is configured to limit the concentration of terpenes in the emitted terpenes-enriched vapors and/or aerosol to less than one percentage (by weight), when the moved vapors and/or aerosol is at 10 degrees Celsius and at atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A selection method including providing a microorganism preparation including a variety of microorganisms and optionally water; providing an organic liquid including at least 70% by weight hydrophobic solvent; forming a multiple phase medium including a selected amount of the microorganism preparation and a selected amount of the organic liquid; and maintaining the multiple phase medium at a selected temperature for selected duration, whereby a treated microorganism preparation is formed.

Abstract: Provided is an improved method for selecting a probiotic microorganism composition, the method comprising providing a first consortium of microorganisms having Microorganism Composition A; providing a first host animal having a first microbiome having Microorganism Composition B; administering said first consortium to said first host animal, whereby said first microbiome is converted to a second microbiome having Microorganism Composition C; collecting a first sample of said second microbiome; and transferring at least a fraction of said first sample and/or said treated first sample onto and/or into a growth medium and incubating at a temperature between 15 degrees Celsius and 70 degrees Celsius to form first selected microorganism composition having Microorganism Composition D; wherein Microorganism Composition A of said first consortium comprises at least 50 different strains; wherein each of Compositions A and B; B and C and D and A differ from each other.

Abstract: Provided is a feed ingredient comprising at least 20% by weight Clostridium tyrobutyricum, wherein said Clostridium tyrobutyricum comprises at least 70% of dry weight crude protein and optionally at least 7% of dry weight lysine and/or at least 1% of dry weight methionine. Further provided are animal feeds and probiotic compositions comprising the feed ingredient, methods for the production thereof and uses thereof.

Abstract: Provided is a method for treating conditions and/or symptoms associated with a stressful event, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a composition comprising at least one cannabinoid; at least one terpene selected from the group consisting of Pinene, Myrcene, Caryophyllene, Humulene, Nerolidol, Bisabolol, Linalool, Fenchol, Limonene, Terpinene, Terpineol, Eucalyptol, geraniol and combinations thereof, wherein said at least two terpenes are present in the composition at a concentration of at least about 40 wt %, based on the weight of the total amount of terpenes in the composition and at least 5% by weight of a non-cannabinoid, non-terpene carrier.

Abstract: Supplemented mixotrophic method. A mixotrophic fermentation method is disclosed including providing a naturally acetogenic organism; providing a fermentation medium comprising a carbon source and a supplemented non-sugar reductant; and culturing the organism in the fermentation medium, where both the carbon source and the non-sugar reductant are metabolized and a fermentation broth is formed, which contains at least one carbon-containing bioproduct.

Abstract: A method for producing a purified cannabis extract includes providing a first extract with an organic hydrophilic solvent, at least one cannabinoid, and water at concentration W1 by weight, and at least one impurity at impurity to cannabinoid weight/weight ratio R1; adding water to the first extract to reach water concentration W2 by weight, whereby a solid matter and a second extract are formed; separating the solid matter from the second extract, whereby separated solid matter and separated second extract are formed. The separated second extract includes the organic hydrophilic solvent, the at least one cannabinoid, and water to cannabinoid weight/weight ratio R2.

Abstract: An integrated wet-mill method for the production of ethanol and single cell protein. An integrated method for the production of ethanol and a single cell protein product is described including providing corn kernels, which kernels comprise germ, fiber, protein and starch and which method includes, among other things, steeping said corn kernels and separating said steeped kernels from a steep liquor.