Abstract: A system to implement a communication line coding scheme using a non-complex bit-to-symbol mapping, a forward error correction (FEC) coding, and an additive bit scrambler after the FEC at the PHY layer is provided. The system may be a part of or implemented by an automobile component. The system may be a PHY device configured to convert data from the MAC layer into 2D-PAM3 symbols that are transmitted across a communication link at a predetermined transmission rate, such as to be compliant with a communication standard. The PHY device may select characteristics of the conversion, such as the FEC coded symbol, based on the target transmission rate. The PHY device may include a transceiver, and may convert the data from MAC layer to PHY layer and back.

Abstract: A system to implement a communication line coding scheme using a non-complex bit-to-symbol mapping, a forward error correction (FEC) coding, and an additive bit scrambler after the FEC at the PHY layer is provided. The system may be a part of or implemented by an automobile component. The system may be a PHY device configured to convert data from the MAC layer into 2D-PAM3 symbols that are transmitted across a communication link at a predetermined transmission rate, such as to be compliant with a communication standard. The PHY device may select characteristics of the conversion, such as the FEC coded symbol, based on the target transmission rate. The PHY device may include a transceiver, and may convert the data from MAC layer to PHY layer and back.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to apparatuses for preventing significant amounts of common mode noise from a PHY transceiver, such as an Ethernet PHY transceiver, from coupling to an unshielded twisted-pair cable. The apparatuses can provide common mode noise isolation, while limiting any common mode noise to differential mode noise (CM-DM) conversion. Common mode noise is generally ignored by a PHY transceiver that receives a differential data signal because of differential signaling. However, when common mode noise is converted to differential mode noise, then data errors can result. Thus, limiting any CM-DM conversion is important.

Abstract: A local area network (LAN) backbone is implemented within an environment such as a self-contained environment (e.g., an automobile, an aircraft, a train, a ship, and/or any other environment). The LAN backbone is affected by AWGN, NBI, and/or impulse noise (noise). The LAN backbone supports communications based on an Ethernet communication protocol (e.g., a 1000Base-T1 based system that includes at least one single twisted pair). A device receives a first LDPC coded signal via the LAN backbone and decodes it to recover an input signal of a control system. The device also uses soft information generated during the decoding to compensate for the noise affecting the LAN backbone and then processes the input signal to generate a control signal for the control system. The device then and encodes the control signal to generate a second LDPC coded signal and transmits the second LDPC coded signal via the LAN backbone.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an apparatus and method for measuring echo responses of communication links used in in-vehicle networks with high resolution and high dynamic range, allowing for diagnostics of various failures and/or degradations with high precision. Additional information can be provided to indicate signaling quality, insertion loss, and return loss of the communication links used in in-vehicle networks. Together, these measures and information can provide a comprehensive diagnostic capability that improves network reliability and safety of in-vehicle networks.

Abstract: Currently, there exists low power Ethernet PHY solutions running at 10 Gbps over twin-ax cables with SFP+ connectors. However, the cost and range of these cables, along with the size of the connectors, do not match the requirements of in-vehicle networks. If the cable is replaced with a single pair of shielded or coaxial cables, a different mechanism is needed to provide bi-directional communication. Time division duplexing (TDD) can be used to emulate full duplex communication over the single pair of cables by taking turns, in time, transmitting data over the pair of cables in each direction.

Abstract: A communication technique for energy efficient Ethernet (EEE) employs a systematic block forward error correcting code (FEC). The technique aligns a low power idle (LPI) refresh signal with the FEC frame. The refresh signal includes a known reference sequence, FEC systematic symbols, and FEC parity symbols. The technique may apply shortened FEC encoding and decoding on the partial data symbols and the parity symbols.

Abstract: A primary device implementing the subject system of link establishment for single pair Ethernet may include at least one processor circuit. The at least one processor circuit may be configured to transmit a first synchronization sequence to a secondary device and to subsequently detect a second synchronization sequence, different than the first, transmitted by the secondary device. The synchronization sequences may be pseudo-noise sequences that have strong autocorrelation characteristics. The at least one processor circuit may be configured to wait a predetermined amount of time after completing the detection of the second synchronization sequence, and then may initiate a training stage. The training stage may include exchanging scrambler states of additive scramblers used by the primary and secondary devices. The at least one processor circuit may be configured to enter a data mode upon completion of training. In the data mode, data is forward error correction encoded and then scrambled.

Abstract: A circuit for power on data line (PoDL) injection includes a power source, a first and a second coupling component, and an interface. The power source provides one or more DC voltage levels. The first coupling component couples the power source to an interface for coupling to a transmission medium. An Ethernet device is coupled through the second coupling component to the interface. The first coupling component is a balanced component, and the Ethernet device is isolated from the power source via a pair of DC blocking capacitors connected between the first coupling component and the second coupling component.

Abstract: System, method and apparatus for multi-dimensional modulation schemes with high noise immunity and low emission idle (LEI) signaling for automotive area networks. An extra zero constellation point can be used during an idle mode and extra constellation points can be assigned to control signals.

Abstract: In the subject system for remote monitoring and configuration, management of a remote physical layer device may be performed by receiving, at a local physical layer device, an incoming message of a first communication format from a controller device. The incoming message may include a request intended for the remote physical layer device that is communicatively coupled to the local physical layer device over a transmission line carrying a data channel and a supplemental channel. The incoming message may be parsed into an outgoing message of a second communication format for sending to the remote physical layer device through the supplemental channel. The local physical layer device may receive a response from the remote physical layer device through the supplemental channel. The local physical layer device may convert the response from the second communication format into the first communication format for sending the converted response back to the controller device.

Abstract: A communication technique for energy efficient Ethernet (EEE) employs a systematic block forward error correcting code (FEC). The technique aligns a low power idle (LPI) refresh signal with the FEC frame. The refresh signal includes a known reference sequence, FEC systematic symbols, and FEC parity symbols. The technique may apply shortened FEC encoding and decoding on the partial data symbols and the parity symbols.

Abstract: In the subject system for remote monitoring and configuration, management of a remote physical layer device may be performed by receiving, at a local physical layer device, an incoming message of a first communication format from a controller device. The incoming message may include a request intended for the remote physical layer device that is communicatively coupled to the local physical layer device over a transmission line carrying a data channel and a supplemental channel. The incoming message may be parsed into an outgoing message of a second communication format for sending to the remote physical layer device through the supplemental channel. The local physical layer device may receive a response from the remote physical layer device through the supplemental channel. The local physical layer device may convert the response from the second communication format into the first communication format for sending the converted response back to the controller device.

Abstract: An Ethernet physical layer device using time division duplex. A time division duplex frame can be defined with uplink and downlink transmission periods. These defined uplink and downlink transmission periods can be adjusted based on bandwidth and latency considerations on the network link.

Abstract: Multiplexed packet local area networking using an Ethernet physical layer device. In one embodiment, a network device having dual port Ethernet physical layer devices can be configured to receive a packet on a first Ethernet port. The network device can extract first packet data that is destined for the network device from the data section of the packet and insert second packet data that is destined for the gateway node into the packet to produce a modified packet. The modified packet is then transmitted by the network device over a second Ethernet port.

Abstract: A system to implement a communication line coding scheme using a non-complex bit-to-symbol mapping, a forward error correction (FEC) coding, and an additive bit scrambler after the FEC at the PHY layer is provided. The system may be a part of or implemented by an automobile component. The system may be a PHY device configured to convert data from the MAC layer into 2D-PAM3 symbols that are transmitted across a communication link at a predetermined transmission rate, such as to be compliant with a communication standard. The PHY device may select characteristics of the conversion, such as the FEC coded symbol, based on the target transmission rate. The PHY device may include a transceiver, and may convert the data from MAC layer to PHY layer and back.

Abstract: A device for common mode (CM) clamping in wired communication includes a first circuit and a second circuit. The first circuit is configured to sense a voltage signal across clamp terminals and to generate an output voltage signal based on the sensed voltage signal. The second circuit is configured to compare the output voltage signal with a reference voltage, to generate a pair of current signals based on a result of the comparison, and to provide the pair of current signals to the clamp terminals. The pair of current signals includes a matched pair of CM current signals. The clamp terminals, upon coupling to nodes of a main circuit provide a desired CM impedance between the nodes of the main circuit. The device can be coupled to the main circuit in conjunction with one or more off-chip magnetic components.

Abstract: In some aspects, the disclosure is directed to methods and systems for a device including a physical interface with electrical connection to a communication channel, and circuitry configured to detect energy received at the physical interface, wait a predetermined length of a time until the beginning of a time slot, monitor the physical interface during the time slot for a predefined pattern from the communication channel, and upon detection of the predefined pattern, transition the device to an increased-power mode.

Abstract: A vehicle communication network device includes a transceiver configured to communicatively couple with a remote transceiver of another vehicle communication network device via a wired media and processing circuitry coupled to the transceiver. The device detects interference on the wired media that exceeds an interference threshold level. Upon the detection, the device enters a quiet mode during which no data is transmitted on the wired media. After exiting the quiet mode, the device enters an idle mode during which known data is transmitted on the wired media and during which the device receives known data from the remote transceiver. The device retrains its transceiver based upon the known data and after retraining the transceiver, exchanges data with the remote transceiver. The device may also buffer data for transmission, upon the detection, determine buffered data that was likely corrupted by the interference, and after retraining, retransmit the determined buffered data.

Abstract: A local area network (LAN) backbone is implemented within an environment such as a self-contained environment (e.g., an automobile, an aircraft, a train, a ship, and/or any other environment). The LAN backbone is affected by AWGN, NBI, and/or impulse noise (noise). The LAN backbone supports communications based on an Ethernet communication protocol (e.g., a 1000Base-T1 based system that includes at least one single twisted pair). A device receives a first LDPC coded signal via the LAN backbone and decodes it to recover an input signal of a control system. The device also uses soft information generated during the decoding to compensate for the noise affecting the LAN backbone and then processes the input signal to generate a control signal for the control system. The device then and encodes the control signal to generate a second LDPC coded signal and transmits the second LDPC coded signal via the LAN backbone.