Abstract: Systems and methods for the communication and recovery of supplementary data encoded in the primary information transmitted from a source to a receiver for both audio and television transmissions. The method includes modulating a carrier signal with the supplementary data using a spread spectrum approach and demodulating the carrier signal to recover the embedded supplementary data.

Abstract: Systems and methods for the communication and recovery of supplementary data encoded in the primary information transmitted from a source to a receiver for both audio and television transmissions. The method includes modulating a carrier signal with the supplementary data using a spread spectrum approach and demodulating the carrier signal to recover the embedded supplementary data.

Abstract: Systems and methods for the communication and recovery of supplementary data encoded in the primary information transmitted from a source to a receiver for both audio and television transmissions. The method includes modulating a carrier signal with the supplementary data using a spread spectrum approach and demodulating the carrier signal to recover the embedded supplementary data.

Abstract: An integrated circuit testing apparatus includes a probe card and a probe unit. The probe unit includes a plurality of conductive elastic bumps and a plurality of conductors positioned to conduct signals from the bumps to the probe card. The testing apparatus can further includes a substrate disposed between the probe card and the probe unit, and a flexible member disposed adjacent the substrate.

Abstract: A photolithographic system uses a mask that carries a plurality of photolithographic images. In one embodiment, the mask carries images for all the layers necessary to manufacture a variety of different device cells, which can include devices of different types. A single mask may carry the images required to make a complete system consisting of multiple devices. Some devices may comprise multiple layers. The system includes an adjustable aperture system which defines the area of the mask which will be illuminated. The mask is employed in a mask aligner which includes a source of electromagnetic radiation, apparatus to carry and position a substrate, apparatus to position the mask, and apparatus to position and adjust the aperture.

Abstract: A large signal, linear, digital, unity power-factor controller for controlling a power supply is disclosed. The power supply controller includes a voltage controller and a current controller. The voltage controller is a feed forward and proportional-integral type of controller. By determining the control command of the voltage controller as a function of the feed forward load power, the power term in the state equations for the voltage controller is eliminated. As such, the current controller operates in time domain in such a way that the voltage controller appears as a unit time delay to the current controller. The load is a battery incorporated within an electrically-powered vehicle. The controller operates to charge the battery. The connection between the battery and the power supply being controlled is an inductive coupling.